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Biomedical subjects

O H Stalheim

Publications and source records attributed to O H Stalheim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Antibody response of horses to Mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri.

In horses given whole cultures or cells of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri (by subcutaneous and intravenous injections), antibody responses were measured by serologic procedures. During an immunization period of 22 weeks, horses produced an antiserum that was used to identify M mycoides subsp capri by agglutination, complement-fixation, and fluorescent antibody (FA) tests, but not by the growth-inhibition test. Horses that were injected with whole cultures of M mycoides subsp capri responded better than horses that were injected with only cells, ie, antibodies were detectable sooner by agar gel diffusion and FA tests and the serums displayed more bands of precipitation. The FA reagent was stable during lyophilization and storage at 5 C for 60 days.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Ureaplasmal epithelial lesions related to ammonia.

The pathological effects of ureaplasmas on oviductal epithelium (ciliostasis and deciliation) were duplicated by adding ammonia to the medium as ammonium sulfate or by adding jack bean urease, which hydrolyzed the urea in the medium.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1976

Growth and effects of ureaplasmas (T mycoplasmas) in bovine oviductal organ cultures.

Ureaplasmas isolated from the human genital tract and from the genital and respiratory tracts of cattle were grown in association with organ cultures of bovine oviduct (uterine tube). All strains of unreaplasmas multiplied in organ cultures, stopped ciliary activity, and caused histological lesions. Most strains grew well, and 10(8) to 10(9) color-changing units were determined 18 to 144 h after inoculation. Twenty-four to 144 h after inoculation with unreaplasmas, ciliostasis was complete. Ciliostasis was also caused by additions of nonviable cultures at pH 8.8 (or adjusted to 7.4) or washed disrupted cells (100 mug of protein/ml); it occurred in 48 to 96 h. The cilia-stopping effect of nonviable cultures was diminished by heating (56 C for 30 min) and was abolished by boiling. When added to fresh medium in amounts exceeding 25%, nonviable unreaplasmal cultures completely inhibited ureaplasmal growth. By light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, cilia-stopping effect was correlated with collapse and sloughing of the cilia (the initial lesion was "bent" cilia), with bulging and vacuolization of secretory and ciliated cells, and finally with disorganization of the epithelium, necrosis, and desquamation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Experimentally induced bovine abortion with Mycoplasma agalactiae subsp bovis.

Two pregnant cows aborted 11 and 18 days after Mycoplasma agalactiae subsp bovis was inoculated into the amniotic fluids. The placentas were retained. The fetuses (approx 100 and 150 days of age) were decomposed; M agalactiae subsp bovis was recovered from several tissues of the fetuses, the placentas, and fetal fluids. The same organism was given by intraperitoneal injection to 2 other pregnant (130 and 180 days, respectively) cows. At necropsy of the latter 36 days later, placentitis was severe; M agalactiae subsp bovis was recovered from the placentas of both cows and from the fetus of 1 cow. Control cows given sterile mycoplasma cultural medium by intraamnion or intraperitoneal injection did not abort and were not infected. When first recovered from the bovine placenta and fetus, M agalactiae subsp bovis grew slowly in liquid medium and assumed bizarre colonial morphology on solidified medium. Colonies were small (0.1 to 0.5 mm) and dark and lacked halos, but they reacted specifically in the direct fluorescent antibody test with equine M agalactiae subsp bovis antiserum. After 1 or 2 subcultures, the isolates grew at a normal rate and displayed their usual colonial morphology.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1975

Naturally occurring and experimentally induced mycoplasmal arthritis of cattle.

Mycoplasma agalactiae subsp. bovis strain Iowa 1136 was isolated from synovial fluids of a clinical case of arthritis in cattle on pasture in Iowa. When given to calves and cows by intra-articular or intravenous injection, it caused severe and persistent joint infections with fever, lameness, and swelling of the affected joints, plus synovitis, tendonitis, and fibrinous-purulent synovial fluids of high protein content. Intramammary administration of the organism caused severe mastitis. Calves nursing the cows developed severe mycoplasmal arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Scanning electron microscopy of the bovine, equine, porcine, and caprine uterine tube (oviduct).

The luminal surface topography of bovine, equine, porcine, and caprine uterine tubes was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The main types of epithelial cells were secretory and ciliated. Both types were more active during estrus. Cilia were observed in both the infundibular and the ampular parts of the uterine tube, but ciliated cells were more numerous than secretory cells on the surface of the fimbriae. Sperm were observed in the ampulla of the uterine tube of the cow 2 hours after artificial insemination.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of Mycoplasma spp, Trichomonas fetus, and Campylobacter fetus on ciliary activity of bovine uterine tube organ cultures.

Microscopic observations were made of sections of normal bovine uterine tube (oviduct) and fimbriae maintained in vitro and exposed to agents known to localize in the bovine genital tract, i.e., mycoplasma, Trichomonas fetus, and Campylobacter fetus (Vibrio fetus). Only C fetus stopped ciliary activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed loss of most cilia. Sterile filtrate of C fetus culture had no effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Mycoplasmosis in specific-pathogen-free and conventional guinea pigs.

Normal female guinea pigs were examined for organisms of the order Mycoplasmatales. Thirty-nine isolations were made from nose or vagina of 108 guinea pigs. Seven isolates were identified as Mycoplasma caviae, 9 were unidentifiable mycoplasmas, and 23 were identified as nonsterol-requiring acholeplasmas.

Animals↗