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Biomedical subjects

O Holm

Publications and source records attributed to O Holm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Dimensions and aspects of longing: age and gender differences in Swedish 9-, 12-, and 15-year-old children.

Longing can be defined as a secondary emotion, as a blend of the primary emotions of love and sadness. There are several possible dimensions and aspects of longing (O. Holm, 1999). Both age and gender differences are well documented in earlier research on other emotions. In the present investigation, 122 girls and 120 boys, ages 9, 12, and 15 years, in compulsory school in Sweden, answered a questionnaire about dimensions and aspects of their own longing. The results showed both age and gender differences. Girls, especially in the 15-year-old group, experienced longing significantly more than boys. The results were interpreted as generally in accordance with what is known from earlier research on other emotions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Spotting of disc haemorrhages on fundus pictures; on Kodachrome slides and on digitally enhanced images.

PURPOSE: To find out whether digital processing can facilitate interpretation of fundus photographs. METHODS: Digitised fundus pictures were manipulated and enhanced by a process called histogram equalisation. Essentially, the gamma values for red (R), green (G), and blue (B) were separately modified. The principle is explained and exemplified. MATERIAL AND RESULTS: Small disc haemorrhages, which may normally be hard to detect, became more visible after histogram equalisation, which is demonstrated in test series. CONCLUSION: Digital histogram equalisation offers a new way of looking at fundus pictures, which, alone or combined with other capabilities of digital processing, has great potential for diagnosis, as well as for follow up studies. The possibility to decide the true nature of suspect spots after applying the enhancement procedure is likewise of great value.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1998

[Chronic Monteggia injury in a child].

The case of a Monteggia fracture neglected from two years of age and seen at the age of fourteen, is described. A shortening of the affected ulna by three cm and a relative elongation of the radius was found. The function of the arm and elbow joint was remarkably unaffected with nearly full extension and flexion, supination and pronation. The carrying angle was ten degrees on both sides. Based on the literature, it is stressed that diagnosis and treatment of Monteggia lesions should be immediate. Complications in non-treated cases and at late treatment are many, and the results of such treatment dubious. It is thus of great importance that, when dealing with ulnar fracture a radiograph is also taken of the elbow joint to secure immediate diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Relevance of the 112-emergency calls among the clientele of the emergency department of the Herlev hospital admitting office].

It is a common view, shared by Emergency Department staff and ambulance crews, that a large number of patients unnecessarily use Emergency Service ambulances instead of transporting themselves to the hospital by other, more appropriate means. In this retrospective study, 528 consecutive Emergency Service calls to the Herlev Hospital Casualty/Emergency Department during a six week period were reviewed for relevance. Attention was solely aimed at the relevance of the use of Emergency Service ambulances in each case, but not on patient or health care providers' perception of urgency. All calls resulting in admission to hospital were pre-defined as being relevant. Seventeen point six percent of all calls were deemed irrelevant. Thirty-three percent of all calls not resulting in admission were deemed irrelevant. The results confirm Emergency Department health care providers' and ambulance crews' view that Emergency Service ambulances are used inappropriately by the public.

Ambulances↗
PubMed1997

Photographic detection of retinopathy in insulin-treated diabetes. A population study in the city of Tartu, Estonia.

PURPOSE: To perform a cross-sectional baseline investigation of diabetic retinopathy prevalence and metabolic control. METHODS: Using a register of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Tartu (pop. 104,791), 175 patients were invited to fundus photography; 149 (89%) participated, 99 of them diagnosed with diabetes before the age of thirty. Four Kodachrome 64 photographs per eye were taken with a Canon CR4 - 45NM camera through tropicamide-dilated pupils; slides were projected and systematically graded. Capillary blood samples (n = 132) for HbA1c determination were mailed on filter paper. Following cysteine buffer elution, Mono S ion exchange chromatography was performed (reference range 3.7 to 5.3%). RESULTS: Any diabetic retinopathy was found in 114 patients (76.5%; 95% confidence interval, CI, 70 to 83%); mild to moderate non-proliferative retinopathy in 59 (40%; 95% CI 32 to 48%); severe non-proliferative retinopathy in 29 (19.5%; 95% CI 13 to 26%); proliferative retinopathy in 26 (17%; 95% CI 11 to 24%); 47 patients (32%) needed laser photocoagulation. Vitreous haemorrhage was observed in 9 (6%) of subjects. In patients diagnosed with diabetes before the age of 30 years, prevalence of any retinopathy was 82% (95% CI 73 to 89%) and of proliferative retinopathy 23% (95% CI 15 to 33%). Median HbA1c was 9.7% for women and 8.6% for men (95% CI for difference 0.7 to 2.1%). CONCLUSION: Retinopathy prevalences (76-82%) are the highest reported from population-based studies. Glycaemia levels were very high and should be gradually lowered. Methods capable of validation can be successfully introduced for population-based assessment of hyperglycaemia and retinopathy prevalences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Digitizing 35 mm colour slides for computerized general image handling in ophthalmology.

Standard personal computers with appropriate graphic user interfaces can now be configured for work with near photographic quality colour image handling. Advantages and limitations of digitized colour image work, including cost considerations, are discussed in relation to some common ophthalmic photography situations. Practical methods are briefly described. Future developments are outlined, particularly methods for direct acquisition of high quality colour images and image compression/reduction.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1986

Technique for testing the patency of laser iridotomies.

With laser iridotomy it may often be difficult to achieve total penetration of the iris, particularly in very light or very dark irides. It may be impossible to determine with the slit-lamp whether a small laser iridotomy is functionally penetrating. We describe a straightforward method to test iridotomies for aqueous flow patency. Transcorneally introduced fluorescein is used to delineate any aqueous bulk flow from the posterior to the anterior chamber.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1983

Four factors affecting perceived aggressiveness.

In the first of three experiments a distinction was made between cause (intent) and reason, and predictions about their respective effects on perceived aggressiveness were assessed. Both factors were found to influence subjects' perceptions. A second experiment found the effects of six different modes of harming to vary under different conditions of intent and reason. In a third experiment the four factors--intent, reason, mode of harm, and severity of harm--were all found to influence subjects' perceptions of aggressiveness. Different experimental designs were used to control for demand characteristics. In order to control for sophistication that might be associated with students of behavioral science, employees at a hospital were chosen as subjects in two of the experiments. A phenomenon common for all three experiments--most of the subjects who had attributed no intent to harm to the actor nevertheless rated him as displaying aggressiveness--was discussed with reference to the factors of mode and severity in harm.

Accidents↗