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O Huter

Publications and source records attributed to O Huter.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Fetal leptin and insulin levels only correlate inlarge-for-gestational age infants.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether fetal leptin levels correlate with fetal weight and whether such correlation is direct or indirect via insulin or human placental lactogen (hPL), respectively. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of offspring at term (n=175) with over-representation of large-for-gestational age (LGA; n=70) and small-for-gestational age (SGA; n=23) cases in a population of Caucasian women with no pregnancy pathology. METHODS: Fetal cord blood was collected after delivery. In several cases (n=62) paired mother-fetus blood samples were obtained. Leptin, insulin and hPL levels were measured by RIA. Anthropometric data (birth weight, body mass index, placental weight) were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Maternal insulin, hPL and leptin levels were higher than fetal concentrations. Cord blood leptin levels positively correlated with the anthropometric data with stronger correlations in female (0.54<r<0.66) than in male (0.32<r<0.39) neonates. Cord blood leptin levels did not differ between appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA; n=82) and SGA (n=23) neonates, but were higher (P<0.001) by 83% in LGA (n=70) than in AGA neonates. Among the different weight classes the correlations between fetal leptin and anthropometric data were only observed in LGAs, but not in AGAs or SGAs. Fetal, but not maternal, leptin levels strongly correlated with fetal insulin (r=0.56; P<0.001). After accounting for this close relationship insulin could no longer be used to predict birth weight (r=0.15, P=0.051). We suggest that the correlation of cord blood insulin with neonatal weight in LGAs is, in addition to insulin's direct anabolic action, indirectly mediated via leptin. It is hypothesized that fetal insulin stimulates fetal adipocyte leptin production.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1999

Leptin receptor in human term placenta: in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical localization.

In the present study, we investigated the expression and localization of leptin receptors in human term placentae. On human term placenta tissue slices, digoxigenin-UTP labelled RNA-probe detected the long form of the leptin receptor ObR(L)mRNA in syncytiotrophoblasts of the villi, whereas the haematological subtype of the leptin receptor ObR/B219.1 was detected in blood cells of the intervillous space and fetal vessels. Immunohistochemistry, with two polyclonal antibodies to the N-terminus recognizing ObR(L)and ObR(S)of the leptin receptors and one to the C-terminus recognizing the long form of the leptin receptor ObR(L), localized leptin receptor protein at the apical membrane of the syncytiotrophoblasts. Our results show that the long form of the leptin receptor ObR(L)is expressed in human term placentae. We localized the long form of leptin receptor mRNA to the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts and leptin receptor proteins in human term placentae to the apical membrane of syncytiotrophoblasts. We conclude that in term placentae, leptin could mediate a growth promoting effect in the fetoplacental unit through the long form of the leptin receptor localized in the syncytiotrophoblasts. In contrast, the haematological subtype of the leptin receptor is not expressed in placental cells, but solely by blood cells in the intervillous space and fetal vessels.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1998

[Leptin--an interim evaluation].

The discovery of leptin, the product of the obese (ob)-gene, has broadened the horizons of research on energy balance. This hormone, produced and secreted by adipose tissue and some placental cells, finds its way to the hypothalamus, where it binds to the leptin receptors and signals satiety through the neuroendocrine axis. The fact that adipose tissue is not merely a storage depot, but also an important endocrine tissue, has revived the interest in the "lipostatic" theory of body fat regulation and has initiated many research efforts in the field of obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia, reproduction and haematology.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1998

[Epidermal growth factor during pregnancy- a predictor of fetal growth retardation?].

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) in urine was measured at 4-week intervals in 83 women referred for suspected intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR); 138 women with normal singleton pregnancies and newborns of normal weight served as controls. Of the 83 women, 30 delivered babies with weight below the 10th percentile after week 37. During pregnancy these women had shown significantly lower EGF levels than women who delivered normal-weight babies. However, due to the wide distribution of individual EGF data, no clear clinical cut-off point between normal and IUGR values could be established.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗
PubMed1997

Lipoprotein lipase, LDL receptors and apo-lipoproteins in human fetal membranes at term.

Ultrastructurally, all cells of human fetal membranes strongly exhibit a large amount of lipid deposits throughout pregnancy. Their origin and function is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the localization of key components of lipid metabolism in this tissue. Using immunohistochemical techniques, the distribution of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), low density lipoprotein receptors (LDL receptors), and apo-lipoprotein B and E was investigated in 20 human fetal membranes at term. In addition, electron microscopy was used to study the intracellular localization of lipoprotein-sized particles. Amnionic epithelium and trophoblast cells reacted strongly for LPL. LDL receptors and apo-lipoproteins were present in amnionic epithelium and fibroblasts of the amnion. In none of the investigated cells were lipoprotein-sized particles identified. Similar results were obtained in all 20 cases. The findings indicate that lipoprotein from the amniotic fluid or from the maternal circulation may serve as substrate for lipids in human fetal membranes.

Amnion↗
PubMed1996

Successful treatment of primary extramedullary leukemia (EML) of the uterus with radical surgery, chemotherapy, autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and prophylactic local irradiation.

Extramedullary myeloid cell tumors are rare manifestations of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). While many advances in diagnosis have been made, dilemmas remain concerning the treatment of this disease. In primary extramedullary leukemia (EML) most reports agree upon a local therapy followed by systemic chemotherapy such as is used for ANLL. However, further prophylactic local or systemic therapy with stem cell support remains controversial. A 20-year-old patient was diagnosed as having granulocytic sarcoma (GS) of the uterus without evidence of ANLL in 1991. After resection of the tumor at the uterine cervix and chemotherapy with daunorubicin 50 mg/m2 (days 1-3) and cytosine-arabinoside 200 mg/m2 (days 1-7) in September 1991, complete remission was achieved. In October 1991 cytosine-arabinoside 1000 mg/m2 every 12 h from day 1 to day 6 and amsacrine 200 mg from day 5 to day 7 were given as consolidation. Two years later relapse occurred in the adnexae. After radical hysterectomy, the same induction and consolidation chemotherapy was administrated. Subsequently, cytoxane 60 mg/m2 and fractionated total body irradiation (6 x 200 cGy) were given as conditioning and the previously cryopreserved bone marrow was reinfused. Finally, after hematopoietic engraftment, prophylactic local irradiation (4500 cGy) to the pelvis was given resulting in a disease-free long-term survival of more than 36 months after relapse. Although this experience is confined to one patient, it may contribute to the design of prospective therapeutic studies in patients with primary EML.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Adenofibroma and adenosarcoma of the uterus in young women].

We report on two similar cases of young women with irregular menstrual bleeding. Curettage and biopsy revealed an adenofibroma of the uterus in case 1 (31 yrs) and an uterine adenosarcoma in case 2 (30 yrs). Hysterectomy was subsequently performed in both patients: histological examination of the hysterectomy specimen showed no remnants of the tumour in case 1. There was adenosarcoma tissue in the uterine cavity of case 2 but no myometrial infiltration. The difficulties of differential diagnosis of uterine soft tissue tumours in young women are discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1995

[Value of the TAG-72 (CA 72-4) tumor marker in primary diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. A comparison with the established CA-125 marker].

The value of the TAG-72 (CA 72-4) serum marker in primary diagnosis was investigated in 110 patients with histologically diagnosed ovarian cancer. A reference group consisted of 103 patients with benign pelvic masses. Compared to the well-established CA-125, TAG-72 showed a low sensitivity of 42% in the detection of ovarian cancer. By contrast, when the cut-off level for TAG-72 was set at 6 U/ml, it showed a very high specificity of 99%. When the measurement of TAG-72 was combined to that of CA-125, improvements in both the specificity (as compared to a single CA-125 determination) and the sensitivity (as compared to a single TAG-72 assay) were observed. In such a combined assay, our results suggest that the best predictive value (positive and negative) was obtained if CA-125 is assigned a relatively high cut-off value (65 U/ml) in conjunction with a low cut-off level (3.2 U/ml or 4 U/ml) for TAG-72. In the present study, at threshold values of 65 U/ml respectively, a sensitivity of 86%, a specificity of 83% and a positive and negative predictive value of 85% were obtained. In mucinous carcinomas of the ovary, however, the additional TAG-72 determination did not lead to a better predictive power than did CA-125 measurement alone.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1994

Identification of CD34+ cord blood cells and their subpopulations in preterm and term neonates using three-color flow cytometry.

Three-color flow cytometry was used to identify CD34+ cord blood (CB) hematopoietic progenitors of preterm (n = 13) and term (n = 18) neonates. The frequency of CD34+ CB cells gated on the lymphocyte fraction in term neonates is about half the frequency of preterm neonates (mean 1.84 +/- 0.8 vs. 3.49 +/- 1.8, p < 0.005). The difference of absolute CD34+ cells between the 2 groups did not reach statistical significance (premature 169 +/- 161 vs. mature 108 +/- 62.6 x 10(6) cells/l). The proportion of myeloid lineage-committed CD34+ cells coexpressing the CD33 antigen in preterm neonates does not significantly differ from that found in term neonates. However, in preterm neonates a higher fraction of erythroid lineage-committed CD34+ cells coexpresses the CD71 antigen as compared with term neonates (mean 28.7 +/- 14.1 vs. 11.4 +/- 5.7, p < 0.001). The positive correlation between gestational age and the ratio of myeloid/erythroid lineage-specific progenitor cells (r = 0.61, n = 31, p < 0.0005) suggests gestational changes in lineage commitment of CD34+ cells.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1994

Denial of pregnancy: obstetrical aspects.

Between 1987 and 1990 27 women were observed who professed they did not know they were pregnant until term or until premature contractions set in. The aim of this study was to evaluate obstetric history and pregnancy outcomes and assess defence mechanisms and coping strategies which contribute to negation of pregnancy. In 11 women pregnancy was denied until delivery, five of these had breech presentations. In nine women denial ended between 27 and 36 weeks and in seven women between 21 and 26 weeks of gestation. Three of the four fetal deaths that occurred and two of the three cases of prematurity occurred in the last group. There was no infanticide but one woman delivered her infant alone and concealed. Most women reported irregular, sometimes menstruation-like bleedings during pregnancy, three women had taken oral contraceptives during pregnancy. Few women reported actual symptoms of pregnancy, such as nausea and weight gain. Denial of pregnancy is a heterogeneous condition with different meanings and different psychiatric diagnoses in different women. Stressors (e.g. separation from partner, interpersonal problems etc.) do play an important role as precipitating factors for the development of an adjustment disorder with maladaptive denial of pregnancy. There is a fluid transition between conscious coping strategies and unconscious defence mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Rescheduling genetic amniocentesis from the 16th to the 13th/14th week of pregnancy--report of experience].

At the ob/gy department of the Innsbruck University routine, genetic amniocentesis has been offered from the 13/14 week of gestation since 1991. In 1991 44.5% of all amniocenteses were performed as early amniocentesis, it rose in 1992 to 61.5%, the rest being performed in the 16th week of gestation. In a total of 346 genetic amniocenteses, 8 pathological karyotypes were obtained (six trisomies, one 47 XXY, one marker chromosome), six from samples obtained at early amniocentesis and two obtained at the 16th week. Three weeks following the procedure, a spontaneous abortion rate of 0.87% occurred. Cultivation took 1-2 days longer with samples from early amniocentesis than with samples collected at the 16th week. In two cases the cultures failed and a repeat procedure had to be performed at the 16th week. With early amniocentesis performed at week 13/14 results are known of gestation. The long period of anxiety, which many women see as a serious disadvantage of amniocentesis is thus significantly reduced.

Abortion, Eugenic↗
PubMed1993

[Increased uterine activity through histamine].

The influence of histamine, a biogenic amine known for many years, on the contractility of uterine specimens, was investigated. A highly significant (p > 0,0001) increase of uterine activity after the application of histamine 10(-6) M was observed, caused by a similar increase of frequency, duration and amplitude of the contractions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Low sensitivity of serum fructosamine as a screening parameter for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and quantification of serum fructosamine levels were performed in 190 asymptomatic women in weeks 24-28 of pregnancy. OGTT identified 10 of the 190 women as having gestational diabetes, but serum fructosamine quantification failed to do so because none of these 10 women exhibited levels exceeding the normal limit of 2.76 mmol/l. The mean fructosamine level in this group was 1.72 +/- 0.25 mmol/l compared to 1.60 +/- 0.15 mmol/l in the other 180 women without gestational diabetes. Fructosamine was found to correlate only with postload glucose values in excess of 180 mg/dl at 2 h (r = 0.87; p = 0.01), i.e. with the highest overall glucose values, but not with fasting glucose or milder postprandial hyperglycemia of under 180 mg/dl. We conclude that quantification of fructosamine detects only the rather severe cases of gestational hyperglycemia, but is too insensitive to uncover mild asymptomatic gestational diabetes mellitus, and we do not consider fructosamine to be a useful parameter for the diagnosis of this condition.

Diabetes, Gestational↗
PubMed1992

[Postpartum diabetes screening: value of fructosamine determination].

After birth of an infant with a birthweight of 4000 g or more maternal glucose tolerance should be examined. We measured blood glucose values after a 100 g oral glucose challenge and compared them with serum fructosamine values of the same subjects. 40 women who had given birth to an infant with macrosomia (group I) were matched with 40 women who had delivered babies with normal birthweight (group II). Impaired glucose tolerance was found in 6 women (15%) of group I, and in one woman (2.5%) of group II. Fructosamine values were within the normal range in each of the seven women (1.74 + 0.2 mmol/l vs 1.73 + 0.2 mmol/l). Thus, fructosamine determination is not sensitive enough to detect impaired glucose tolerance in asymptomatic women post partum. It is not feasible to replace the oral glucose tolerance test in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Birth Weight↗