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O I Maslova

Publications and source records attributed to O I Maslova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Autoantibodies to glutamate receptors in children with chronic posttraumatic headache].

Autoantibodies (aAB) to AMPA (Glu R1 subunit) and NMDA (NR 2A subunit) glutamate receptors were studied in blood serum of 60 children, aged 7-16 years, with chronic posttraumatic headache after mild skull injury. All the children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 48 children with concussion of the brain, group 2--12 children with brain contusion. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup 1a comprised 34 children with single concussion and subgroup 1b--14 children with repeated concussion. The aAB level was determined 6 months and 1 year after skull injury. The aAB concentration was expressed in percents to the control level being considered significant if the increase was higher than 120%. The increased NMDA aAB level was observed during the first year after skull injury. In the la subgroup, the NR2 aAB level in blood serum was 145 +/- 12,6%, in the 1b one--108 +/- 12,4%, in group 2--165 +/- 34%. The content of aAB to AMPA receptors was elevated only in children of lb subgroup and group 2 (150 +/- 16,8% and 167 +/- 31,3%, respectively). The EEG examination of this group revealed the nonspecific paroxysmal discharges in 18% of cases and epileptiform activity in 6% of children. The results obtained suggest that children with posttraumatic headache have elevated levels of aAB to glutamate receptors, hyperstimulation of which reflects hypoxic processes in the brain, and are in need of metabolic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[The use of beta-interferon-1b in children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis].

The use of beta-interferons for immunomodulating treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) in children is rstudied. We present results of the prospective study of 22 children, aged 13-17 years, with MS treated with beta-interferon-1b (betaferon) during 2-15 (mean 10,72) months. High efficacy and good tolerability of beta-interferon-1b is demonstrated.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

[Effective treatment of multiple sclerosis with rebif-22 mcg in children and adolescences: results of a long-term study].

Management from an early age and availability of new treatment options have changed the outcome of paediatric patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Currently available for treatment of MS in adults, such drugs as interferons beta and copolymer-1 are not widely used in paediatric neurological practice. The present long-term study of the effect of interferon beta la (rebif-22 mcg) included 20 children with MS from Moscow population. The data of this open-label study were compared with our previously reported data from the prospective population-based study of 67 ethnically-matched children with MS. The results revealed early formation of stable neurological deficit at late-onset treatment, high therapeutic efficacy when the drug was timely used and good tolerability of the treatment. So, it is necessary to use immunomodulating therapy with these drugs in children and adolescents as early as possible.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2004

Five patients with a recently described novel leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and elevated lactate.

Recently, a novel leukoencephalopathy syndrome was described in eight patients with a distinct pattern of MRI abnormalities. Here we describe the clinical, laboratory, and MRI findings in five new, unrelated patients. The clinical picture was homogeneous with onset in childhood, a slowly progressive course, variable mental deficits, signs of pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction and sometimes dorsal column dysfunction. In two patients, a minor head trauma was followed by neurological deterioration and fever. No underlying metabolic defect was found. In two patients serum lactate was elevated, but no evidence of a mitochondrial defect was found. MRI showed variably extensive, diffuse, or spotty cerebral white matter abnormalities and a selective involvement of particular brainstem tracts. The tracts involved included the pyramidal tracts, sensory tracts, superior and inferior cerebellar peduncles, and intraparenchymal trajectories of the trigeminal nerve. In four patients spinal MRI was performed and revealed involvement of tracts over the entire length depicted. Single voxel proton MRS in three patients revealed increased lactate within the abnormal white matter. The uniform and highly characteristic MRI findings, in combination with the similarities in clinical and MRS findings, provide evidence for a distinct nosological entity.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed2004

[Multiple sclerosis in children and adolescents: history and current experience of immunomodulating treatment].

An agreement accepted worldwide for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) in adult patients has not been achieved so far for children and adolescents, mostly due to the insufficient information on the features of MS with early age-at-onset. New methods of immunomodifying treatment and the conception of early MS treatment have changed the attitude to prognosis of MS with early onset. In such cases, a course of the disease is less aggressive and characterized by more intensive remyelination as well as brain plasticity and less neurological deficit that may predict highest efficacy of the disease modifying treatment timely started in these patients. Such drugs, as beta-interferons, glatiramer acetate and high-dosage intravenous immunoglobulines G, which are able to decrease MS relapse frequency and disability progression in adult patients, are poorly studied in children and adolescents. Preliminary positive results of international and Russian investigations on the efficacy and tolerability of immunomodulating therapy of MS with early age-at-onset require further investigations in this field.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

[Three cases of non-differentiated leukodystrophy with involvement of cerebral hemisphere's white matter and cerebellum and specific lesions of cerebral pathways. Neuroimaging and clinico-biochemical characteristics].

We presented three cases of the non-differentiated White Matter's disease. There are clinical resemblance and the similar MRI patterns including MR spectroscopy in all patients. They are outpatients: girl (K), 7 years old, boy (N), 13 yrs and young men (N), 24 yrs without any family relationship, and were investigated in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, in 2002 year. The cerebral MRI examinations all of that patients have shown extensive abnormalities in the hemispheric's white matter of cerebrum and cerebellum. Meanwhile there are some specific lesions of the brain stem's tracts (the posterior limb of the internal capsule, the splenium of the corpus callosum, the medial lemniscus and the mesencephalic trigeminal tracts). Step by step progression of suffer ness with unknown time of beginning, mild mnestic reduction and hemyparesis and moderate cerebellar disorder without loss of sensitivity were characteristic for all patients. The results of the biochemical markers for leucodistrophy testing are negative. A proton spectrum of the abnormal white matter showed elevated lactate in one case (girl, 7 yrs). In our opinion clinical diagnosis in all three cases is the new pathology that some body named as "WMDL" (White matter disease with lactate). It should be differentiated with adrenoleucodistrophy, Refsum disease and NARP syndrome (neuropathy, ataxia, pigmentive retinitis).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Association and linkage of juvenile MS with HLA-DR2(15) in Russians.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of the HLA-DRB1 gene [6p21] in susceptibility to juvenile MS (JMS) (age at onset < or =15 years) of children of Russian descent. Association of DR2(15) with JMS has been found by the comparison of patients with JMS with both unrelated and affected family-based healthy controls. The linkage of DR2(15) with JMS was shown by transmission disequilibrium test. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of DRB1 alleles and genotypes between 56 patients with JMS and 234 patients with MS with age at onset > or =16 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Multiple sclerosis with early onset: pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, possibilities in the treatment of its pathogenesis].

Early onset multiple sclerosis (MS) has some peculiarities in the disease course. 56 patients with definite MS with the onset at the age under 15 years were included in this clinical, immunogenetical and neurophisiological study. The analyses of the relations between different clinical characteristics of MS in children has shown, that patients with onset under 10 years, had rare relapses, but more progressive development of disability in contrast to the patients with MS onset at the age of 11-15 years. Duration of the first remission was associated with the time to sustained disability in children with MS. The number and volume of MRI T2-positive lesions in the white matter of the brain was associated with the age of onset, duration of the disease and with the number of relapses. In several cases the phenomena of clinical-MRI dissociation was observed. Generic HLA-DRB1 genomic typing was performed in all the patients. High frequency of DR2(15) genotype in MS-affected children in comparison with the group of healthy controls was more expressed as compared with MS-affected adults. The comparison of frequencies of DRB1 alleles in transmitted, i.e. appeared in the affected child haplotypes and in non-transmitted haplotypes confirmed results of the case-control study showing the very significant association of MS with DR2 alleles and extremely significant--with its DR15 subtype in children. The data of transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis provide strong evidence for linkage of DR15 alleles and susceptibility to sporadic MS in patients with disease onset before 15 years. The positive experience of management (beta-interferon-1a) was shown in MS-affected children in three cases.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

Clinico-immunogenetic characteristics of multiple sclerosis with optic neuritis in children.

The frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS) with clinical onset before 16 years of age in different regions of Russia fluctuates from 2 to 10% of all MS patients. One of the most frequent signs of MS manifestation and/or exacerbation at this age is optic neuritis (ON). Forty-seven children with MS were observed in Moscow. Diagnosis of MS in every case was clinically definite and proved by serial MRI. Clinico-tomographic dissociation was noticed: numerous large lesions, typical for MS on T2 images were often seen in children with mild or moderate residual neurological symptoms. All patients had relapsing/remitting MS course, mean EDSS was 2.24+/-0.26. Thirty-eight children (80%) had ON at least once, ten (21.3%) - twice or more times. In several cases ON had subclinical course or might be missed and the damage of the optic nerve with partial atrophy was found only after complex ophthalmological investigation including visual evoked potentials. Thus, the clinical course of MS and ON have some peculiarities in children and may be genetically based. Analyses of allelic polymorphisms of HLA-DR and TNF loci on chromosome 6 was performed. Data from children with MS were compared with data from their parents, healthy controls and other MS patients from the same ethnic group. Children with MS had increased frequency of DR2(15) and TNF-a11, but not TNF-a9 as adult MS patients from the same ethnic group. The presence of TNF-a7, rare in adult patients, could be proposed as a marker of early MS onset.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Autoantibodies to the nerve growth factor in disorders in the mental development of young children].

80 children aged 1-3 years were examined. They were divided into 3 groups by the degree and structure of disorders of mental development: children with predominant delay of speech development (group 1); with a delay of psychic development due to organic damage of CNS (group 2); with deviation of psychic development and the most pronounced psychopathologic symptomatology (group 3). There was a significant (p < 0.001) elevation in the blood level of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor (NGF) in children from all groups as compared with control one (0.75 +/- 0.24 OD units). The level of such autoantibodies also increased during transition from the 1st to the 3d group (0.95 +/- 0.24 in group 1; 1.13 +/- 0.27 in group 2; 1.24 +/- 0.4 in group 3). The correlations allow us to suppose that the level of autoantibodies to NGF might be considered, together with some other signs, as a potential molecular marker indicating a disorder in the development of nervous system.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1998

[Paroxysmal activity test in pediatric neurology].

Taking into consideration the significance of glutamate receptors in epileptic focus forming, the authors studied the level of autoantibodies (Glu aAB) to fragment of glutamate receptors, quisqualate membrane protein with molecular mass 56 kDa in blood serum. The study employed the diagnostic kit "Paroxysmal activity test" (PAT) elaborated in Institute of Human Brain, RAS (St-Petersburg), 140 children from 2 months to 16 years with epilepsy, epileptic syndrome, paroxysmal states of nonepileptic genesis and with other neurologic diseases as well as 32 practically healthy children were examined. Significant increase of Glu aAB level was found in children with epilepsy and epileptic syndrome as compared with healthy children. Glu aAB level was decreased in patients which were treated by adequate anticonvulsant therapy that resulted in relief of convulsive fits for 6 months and normalization of EEG. In patients with paroxysmal disorders Glu aAB content was lower than in patients with epilepsy and epileptic syndrome, but higher than in healthy children; 5 children from this group with high level of Glu aAB had seizures in aged. It was proposed to introduce the described method into clinic for the study of the processes of brain's epileptization in process of development of diseases of nervous system, accompanied by convulsions or paroxysmal states.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Disorders of the cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in young children with pathology of the nervous system].

Two groups of patients with abnormalities of the cerebrospinal fluid dynamics were examined. There were 40 children with the hypertensive hydrocephalic syndrome and 67 with active hydrocephalus that had occurred before two years of age. A study was made of the anamnestic, clinical, ultrasonic and computer-aided tomographic parallels of those conditions. In the first group, computer-aided tomography of the brain revealed a moderate enlargement of the cerebrospinal fluid space. Two-dimensional ultrasonic examination of the brain via the open large fontanel also demonstrated the widening of the frontal cornua of the lateral ventricles and of the III ventricle. The second group children manifested an appreciable enlargement of the cerebrospinal fluid system, while the occlusive character of cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities required surgical treatment (drainage via the shunting system). A table of the differential diagnosis of the clinical and preclinical symptoms recorded in the two patients' groups is presented.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1990

[Organization of the rehabilitation treatment of children with organic lesions of the nervous system].

A scheme for rehabilitation treatment of children with organic CNS lesions is offered. The rehabilitation scheme includes the following measures: remedial gymnastics, massage, therapeutic physical training, reconstruction and formation of the most important motor skills, mastering exercises to correct postural activity, speech correction with manual training, psychological rehabilitation, social adaptation, occupational therapy, acupuncture, electroneurostimulation, therapeutic drug blockades, orthopedic correction, the use of the biological feedback, conductive training, restorative cosmetic surgery, sanatorium treatment, drug therapy, the use of physical factors, correction of somatic disturbances, recommendations of the specialists of the medico-genetic++ consultations, determination of possibilities of placing into kindergartens, schools, and sexual education. The rehabilitation scheme turned out effective in almost half of the patients.

Adolescent↗