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Biomedical subjects

O Itasaka

Publications and source records attributed to O Itasaka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immunogenic properties of mannose-containing ceramide disaccharide and immunochemical detection of its hapten in the two kinds of crustacean, Euphausia superba and Macrobrachium nipponense.

Antiserum against Man beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Ceramide (MIOse2Cer), a mannolipid isolated from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegellii, has been elicited in rabbits by repeated injection of a mixture of hapten-bovine serum albumin (1:1, mg/ml) with Freund's adjuvant. The specificity of the affinity-purified antibody (immunoglobulin G type) obtained from the serum was examined, using other glycosphingolipids and glyco-proteins structurally related to MIOse2Cer, by means of ELISA and TLC-immunostaining. The purified antibody was highly specific to MIOse2Cer and lacked reactivity with other glycolipids and glycoproteins including glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, dimannosylglucosylceramide (MIOse3Cer), glucosaminylmannosylglucosylceramide (ArOse3Cer), thyroglobulin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. The antibody was found to bind, although less efficiently, to certain other compounds containing the group Man beta 1-4Glc and/or Man beta 1-4GlcNAc at their termini, such as MIOse2-sphingosine and Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-p-aminobenzoic acid ethylester derivatives. The present antibody was applied to the detection of the natural hapten in crustacean glycolipids. The purified antibody reacted with a neutral glycosphingolipid present in the two kinds of crustacean, Euphausia superba (antarctic krill) and Macrobrachium nipponense (fresh-water shrimp) as shown by TLC-immunostaining. The crustacean glycolipid antigen was isolated and characterized to be the Man beta 1-4Glc-Cer. This is the first report on the presence of a mannose-containing glycosphingolipid in the crustacean.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of a new phosphonocerebroside, N-methyl-2-aminoethylphosphonylglucosylceramide, from the antarctic krill, Euphausia superba.

A novel phosphonglycosphingolipid was purified from the whole tissue of the antarctic krill, Euphausia superba by successive column chromatography on DEAE- and QAE-Sephadex and silicic acid (Iatrobeads). The structure was elucidated by means of IR, FAB-MS, 1H-NMR, GC and GC-MS analyses of the water-soluble products after complete and partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis of a product of hydrogen fluoride degradation; it was identified to be a phosphonocerebroside, 6'-O-(N-methyl-2-aminoethylphosphonyl)Glcp beta 1----1ceramide. The ceramide moiety was composed of tetradecasphingenine and octadecasphingatriene as the main sphingoids, and monounsaturated C22- and C24-acids and their 2-hydroxy homologues as the major fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The occurrence of glycosphingolipids containing mannose in the sea-water bivalve, Meretrix lusoria (Hamaguri).

Total neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids were prepared from whole tissues of the sea-water bivalve, Meretrix lusoria, and the former preparation was further fractionated into subgroups by silicic acid column chromatography. The fractions obtained as mono-(ceramide monosaccharide, CMS), di-(CDS) and triglycosylceramides (CTS) were characterized by thin-layer chromatography, partial hydrolysis with exoglycosidases, methylation studies, CrO3 oxidation, and GLC analysis of the component sugars, fatty acids and long-chain bases. The following structures are proposed: Gal-Cer and Glc-Cer for CMS, Gal(beta 1----4)Glc-Cer and Man(beta 1----4)Glc-Cer (MlOse2Cer) for CDS, Man(alpha 1----3)Man(beta 1----4)Glc-Cer (MlOse3Cer) and Gal(alpha 1----3)Man(beta 1----4)Glc-Cer (II3 alpha Gal-MlOse2Cer) for CTS. To our knowledge II3 alpha Gal-MlOse2Cer has not previously been reported. The fatty acid composition of CMS, CDS, and CTS consisted almost entirely of saturated C16-C24 acids with large amounts of 2-hydroxypalmitic acid and 2-hydroxystearic acid. The long-chain bases consisted of 4-sphingenine and 4,8-sphingadienine. More complex neutral glycolipids than CTS, as well as an acidic glycolipid, were examined by TLC and GLC of the constituent sugars, and an immunochemical technique.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Neutral glycosphingolipids of ova of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

The neutral glycosphingolipids of ova of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii were characterized. The most abundant glycolipid was ceramide monosaccharide, followed by ceramide trisaccharide, ceramide tetrasaccharide, and ceramide disaccharide. More complex neutral glycolipids accounted for almost one-third of the total. The total amount of these glycolipids was 0.59 mg/g of dry weight of the ova preparation, a yield which was one-seventh of that of spermatozoa neutral glycolipids. Structural analyses were performed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the glycolipids with exoglycosidases, permethylation experiments, and also immuno-chemical assays. The proposed structures are as follows: ceramide monosaccharides, Gal-Cer and Glc-Cer; ceramide disacharides, Gal(beta 1-4)Gal-Cer, Gal(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer, and Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer; ceramide trisaccharide, Man(alpha 1-3)Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer; ceramide tetrasaccharides, Man(alpha 1-3)[Xyl(beta 1-2)]Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer, GlcNAc(beta 1-2)Man(alpha 1-3)Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer, Man(alpha 1-3)[Gal(beta 1-2)]Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer, and Man(alpha 1-2?)Man(alpha 1-3)Man(beta 1-4)Glc-Cer. The latter two ceramide tetrasaccharides were new types of glycosphingolipids. The spectrum of ova glycolipids appeared to be more complicated than that of the spermatozoa glycolipids. The ova glycolipids characterized here, with the exception of ceramide tetrasaccharides, contained considerable amounts of 2-hydroxy fatty acids, which were not observed in the spermatozoa glycolipids. The major sphingosine base was C18-sphingenine in all the ova glycolipids as well as in the spermatozoa glycolipids. However, the content of anteiso type of sphingosine base was 2- to 3-fold higher in the ova than in the spermatozoa.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The localization of 4-O-methylglucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid on the cell surface of bivalve spermatozoa by use of an immunological method.

Specific and high titer antisera against 4-O-methylglucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid (Lipid IV) from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii, were raised in rabbits. The antisera were found to agglutinate spermatozoa of three fresh-water bivalves, H. schlegelii, Anodonta woodiana, and Cristaria plicata (Palaeoheterodonta), but they did not agglutinate those of Corbicula sandai (Heterodonta). The specificity of the agglutination was examined by an inhibition test using various carbohydrates, from which it was concluded that an antigenic determinant is GlcA4Me-Fuc. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that Lipid IV exists on the cell surface of the spermatozoa.

Acidic Glycosphingolipids↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of phospho- and phosphonosphingolipids by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple and efficient method for the separation of phosphosphingolipids including phosphonosphingolipids by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. A mixture of authentic lipids consisting of sphingomyelin, ceramide phosphorylethanolamine, ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate, and ceramide N-methylaminoethylphosphonate was completely separated using a silica gel (Zorbax SIL) column with acetonitrile-methanol-water 72:40:10 (v/v) as eluting solvent. The elution of these sphingolipids was monitored directly with an ultraviolet spectromonitor at 207 nm. The practical limit of detection of each sphingolipid was about 0.2 microgram or 0.3 nmol. Using this method, we found that from one to four different phosphono- and/or phosphosphingolipids in fresh-water shellfish can be routinely identified and reproducibly quantified.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Di- and trimannosylceramides in hepatopancreas of a fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

An investigation of di- and triglycosylceramides of hepatopancreas of a fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii, gave the following results: (1) The total amount of neutral glycosphingolipid was 7.2 mg/g of the dry weight of the hepatopancreas. (2) The diglycosylceramide fraction accounted for 4.8% of the total neutral glycolipid, and consisted of Man(beta 1 leads to 2)Man(beta 1 leads to 1)Cer, Man (beta 1 leads to 4)Glc leads to Cer, Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)Glc leads to Cer, and Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)Gal(beta 1 leads to 1)Cer. The presence of so many different types of diglycosylceramides in a single tissue appears to be the exception rather than the rule. (3) The triglycosylceramide fraction amounted to 12.2% of the total neutral glycolipid and contained a mixture of Man(alpha 1 leads to 3)Man(beta 1 leads to 2)Man(beta 1 leads to 1)Cer and Man(alpha 1 leads to 3)Man(beta 1 leads to 4)Glc leads to Cer. (4) The spectrum of di- and triglycosylceramides of the hepatopancreas was more complex than that of spermatozoa of this bivalve. (5) It is an interesting finding that a series of glycolipids containing one to three mannose residues occurs in nature. (6) The ceramide moieties of the above two fractions contained the normal saturated fatty acids in the range of C14-C24, and derivatives of 4-sphingenine. The structural analysis involved (1) gas-liquid chromatography of the component sugars, fatty acids and long-chain bases; (2) methylation studies coupled with gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to locate the bonds between the hexose units; and (3) enzymatic degradation to establish the sugar sequence and the anomeric configuration of the glycosidic links.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of a novel ceramide octasaccharide isolated from whole tissue of a fresh-water bivalve, Corbicula sandai.

A novel glycosphingolipid containing two mannose residues, provisionally named GL-1 in a previous paper (Itasaka, O. and Hori, T. (1979) J. Biochem. 85, 1469-1481), was isolated from whole tissue of a fresh-water bivalve, Corbicula sandai, and the structure of the glycolipid was determined to be: Galp4Me(beta1 more than 3)GalpNAc(beta1 more than 3)Fucp(alpha1 more than 4)GlcpNAc(beta1 more than 2)Manp(alpha1 more than 3)(Xylp(alpha1 more than 2))Manp(beta1 more than 4)Glcp(beta1 more than 1)Cer. Glycosphingolipid-1 seems to be a biosynthetic precursor of glycosphingolipid-3, because they have an identical octasaccharide structure, except for the presence of an aminoethylphosphoryl residue in glycospingolipid-3. However, in contrast to glycosphinogolipid-3, glycosphingolipid-1 has a more complex ceramide pattern. This fact suggests that glycosphingolipid-1 as isolated is not a degradation product of glycosphingolipid-3, and it can be presumed that the restricted molecular species of glycosphingolipid-1 which has the same ceramide constitution as glycosphingolipid-3 may be utilized preferentially for glycosphingolipid-3 biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Isolation and characterization of a 4-O-methylglucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid from spermatozoa of a fresh water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

A novel glycosphingolipid, provisionally named Lipid IV (Hori, T., Sugita, M., Ando, S., Kuwahara, M., Kumauchi, K., Sugie, E., and Itasaka, O. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 10979-10985), was obtained from spermatozoa of the fresh water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii. The yield of the glycolipid was 2.2 mg/g of dried spermatozoa. The structure of the glycolipid was elucidated by partial hydrolysis, permethylation analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The following structure is proposed: GlcA4Me beta 1-4(GalNAc3Me alpha 1-3)Fuc alpha 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-3(Xyl beta 1-2)Man beta 1-4Glc beta 1-Cer. The acidic glycolipid is unique in containing 4-O-methylglucuronic acid as well as an internally located fucose. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, and C18-sphingosine are the major aliphatic components. This composition is similar to those of other neutral spermatozoan glycolipids, Lipid I (Hori, T., Sugita, M., Kanbayashi, J., and Itasaka, O. (1977) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 81, 107-114) and Lipid II (Hori, T., Takeda, H., Sugita, M., and Itasaka, O. (1977) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 82, 1281-1285), suggesting a possible metabolic relationship among them.

Acidic Glycosphingolipids↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of a novel glycosphingolipid, ceramide nonasaccharide, isolated from spermatozoa of the fresh water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

A new glycosphingolipid, provisionally named Lipid III in our previous work (Hori, T., Sugita, M., Kanbayashi, J., and Itasaka, O. (1977) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 81, 107-114), was extracted and purified from the spermatozoa of the fresh water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii. The yield of the glycolipid was 1.8 mg/g dry weight of the spermatozoan preparation. Its chemical structure was characterized by compositional analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The following structure is proposed: 3-O-MeFuc alpha 1 leads to 2.3-O-MeXyl beta 1 leads to 4(3-O-MeGalNAc alpha 1 leads to 3)Fuc alpha 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 2Man alpha 1 leads to 3(Xyl beta 1 leads to 2)Man beta 1 leads to 4Glc beta 1 leads to 1Cer. This glycolipid contains the same backbone as the pentaglycosyl ceramide (Lipid II) reported previously (Hori, T., Takeda, H., Sugita, M., and Itasaka, O. (1977) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 82, 1281-1285). Lipid III is structurally related to Lipid II by linking it with a fucose and three kinds of O-methyl sugars, namely, 3-O-methylxylose, 3-O-methylfucose, and 3-O-methyl-N-acetylgalactosamine, through an internal fucose moiety. Unlike most vertebrate glycolipids, Lipid III appears to be unique in having an internal fucose and O-methyl sugars as well as mannose. To our knowledge, this is the first instance for the natural occurrence of 3-O-mehylxylose. Aliphatic constituents of the lipid are palmitic acid and stearic acid as the principal fatty acids, and octadeca-4-sphingenine as the major long chain base.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Studies on glycosphingolipids of fresh-water bivalves. VI. Isolation and chemical characterization of neutral glycosphingolipids from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

The spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii, had a complex spectrum of neutral glycosphingolipids. CDS, CTS, CTeS were isolated as minor components (together they accounted for 3% of the total neutral glycolipid fraction), while CMS and the glycolipids (Lipid I, II, and III) with larger saccharide chains that were previously characterized (1--4) occurred as major ones. The chemical structures were determined by employing exoglycosidases, partial acid hydrolysis and permethylation analysis. The proposed structures are as follows: Man alpha(1-3)Man beta(1-4)Glc-Cer for CTS, and Man alpha(1-3)[Xyl beta(1-2)]Man beta(1-4)Glc-Cer for CTeS. CTeS was the first example of a tetraglycosyl ceramide containing xylose. In another fraction, two types of diglycosyl ceramides were obtained as a mixture, and identified as Man beta(1-4)Glc-Cer and Gal beta(1-4)Glc-Cer, respectively. The long-chain base was predominantly composed of sphingosine, and the acyl groups were mainly of palmitate and stearate.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Studies on glycosphingolipids of fresh-water bivalves. V. The structure of a novel ceramide octasaccharide containing mannose-6-phosphate found in the bivalve, Corbicula sandai.

A ceramide octasaccharide containing mannose-6-phosphate was isolated from the fresh-water bivalve Corbicula sandai by solvent fractionation, followed by two types of silicic acid column chromatography, and finally QAE-Sephadex column chromatography. The structural analysis involved the following steps. (a) Gas-liquid chromatography of the component sugars, fatty acids, and long-chain bases. (b) Degradation with HCl and HF to elucidate the sugar sequence. (c) Permethylation analysis coupled with GC-MS to identify the positions of the glycosidic linkages between the sugar units. (d) Chromium trioxide oxidation to determine the anomeric configuration. (e) Smith degradation to determine the site of linkage of the ethanolamine residue. The structure of this novel glycolipid was determined to be: 4-O-MeGalp(bets1 yields 3)-GalNAcp(beta1 yields3)Fucp(alpha1 yields 4)GlcNAcp(beta1 yields 2)Manp(alpha1 yields 3)[Xylp(alpha1 yields 2)][2'-aminoethylphosphoryl(yields 6)]Manp(beta1yields 4)Glcp(beta1 yields 1)ceramide. It is very interesting that fucose was found to be internally linked in this sugar chain. To our knowledge, this is the first example of internal fucose in a glycolipid. The ceramide moiety consisted of normal saturated fatty acids, among which stearic acid was pr

Acetylation↗
PubMed1977

Studies on glycosphingolipids of fresh-water bivalves. III. Isolation and characterization of a novel globoside containing mannose from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

Three globosides were isolated from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii by mild alkaline hydrolysis, acetone precipitation, Unisil column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography. These globosides are unique in their sugar chains, since they contain mannose instead of galactose found so far in all globosides of mammals and other animals examined. The main globoside in the spermatozoa was characterized as Glc-NAcbeta(1 leads to 2)Manbeta(1 leads to 3)Manbeta(1 leads to 4)Glcbeta(1 leads to 1)-ceramide by partial acid hydrolysis, analysis of its anomeric configuration with chromium trioxide, methylation analysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. The globoside contained normal saturated fatty acids ranging in length from C16 to C21, palmitic and stearic acids being predominant. Its main long-chain was octadeca-4-sphingenine.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Studies on glycosphingolipids of fresh-water bivalves. IV. Structure of a branched globoside containing mannose from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii.

1. A second novel globoside, provisionally named Lipid II in the previous study, was obtained from spermatozoa of the fresh-water bivalve, Hyriopsis schlegelii. The structure of this globoside was established by the results of partial acid hydrolysis, methylation studies, and oxidation with chromium trioxide. 2. The structure was shown to be GlcNAcbeta(1 leads to 2)Manbeta(1 leads to 3)[Xylbeta(1 leads to 2)]Manbeta(1 leads to 4)Glcbeta-(1 leads to 1)-ceramide. It is structurally related to the previously described globoside (Lipid I), except that a branched xylose is linked to the heterooligo saccharide chain of the latter lipid. 3. The predominant fatty acids were palmitic and stearic acids, and octadeca-4-sphingenine was the principal base, amounting to 70% of the total. The fatty acid and long-chain base compositions show nearly the same distribution in both of these globosides.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Branched long-chain bases from the bivalve Corbicula sandai.

Long-chain bases were liberated from a crude mixture of sphingolipids from whole tissue of the fresh-water bivalve C. sandai, and conversion of the bases into N-acetyl-0-trimethylsily derivatives was accomplished. The derivatized bases were analyzed by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. A portion of the sphingolipids was subjected to catalytic hydrogenation from whch saturated long-chain bases (sphinganines) were obtained. The saturated bases were oxidized with lead tetra-acetate and the aldehydes produced were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. The aldehydes were further oxidized to acids with silver oxide, the resulting fatty acids methylated and also analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. By these analyses, altogether five long-chain bases were identified, consisting of hexadeca-4-sphingenine (15%), heptadeca-4-sphingenine (2%), iso-octadeca-4-sphingenine (13%), octadeca-4-sphingenine (39%) and anteiso-noadeca-4-sphingenine (31%). So far no branches have been found in shellfish spingolipid long-chain bases.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Determination of the anomeric configurations of Corbicula ceramide di- and trihexoside by chromium trioxide oxidation.

The anomeric configurations of Corbicula ceramide dihexoside and ceramide trihexoside were determined by chromium trioxide oxidation and the structures of these lipids were shown to be Man-beta(1 leads to 4)-Glc-beta(1 leads to 1)-ceramide and Man-alpha(1 leads to 4)-Man-beta(1 leads to 4)-Glc-beta(1 leads to 1)-ceramide. These results are compatible with those obtained by enzymic hydrolysis reported previously.

Chromium↗