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Biomedical subjects

O Iu At'kov

Publications and source records attributed to O Iu At'kov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Noninvasive investigation of endothelial function in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (HCE)].

AIM: Functional assessment of endothelium by endothelium-dependent and non-endothelium dependent response of the brachial artery (BA) in patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ACUSON 128 XP/10 unit furnished with linear meter with phase grid (7.0 MHz) was employed in two-direction scanning mode to measure BA diameter at rest, under reactive hyperemia (endothelium-dependent response) and after sublingual intake of 0.01 mg of nitroglycerin (non-endothelium-dependent response) in 12 patients with blood hypertension (group 3), 10 subjects with family hypercholesterolemia (group 2) and 10 healthy subjects (group 1, control). RESULTS: The flow-dependent dilatation remained unchanged in BH patients (9.4%) and lowered in HCE patients (3.0%) compared to controls (9.5%). Nitroglycerin-induced dilatation was not significantly different in patients with family hypercholesterolemia (16.6%), hypertensive subjects (14.5%) and healthy controls (20.5%). CONCLUSION: The ultrasound method of detection of endothelial dysfunction is demonstrated. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia may contribute to development of atherosclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Blood pressure variability (based on 24-hour monitoring data) in mild arterial hypertension].

To evaluate the condition of target organs in patients with mild arterial hypertension (MAH) under normal and high arterial pressure variability (APV), the authors examined 84 MAH males aged 40-60 and 14 matched healthy controls. At 24-h monitoring it was revealed that 32% of MAH patients had high variability of daytime and night arterial pressure which occurred more frequently in atherosclerotic lesion of extracranial carotid artery portions. MAH patients with high APV against those with normal APV develop carotid artery atherosclerosis 3.5 times more frequently, vascular disorders of the fundus of the eye stage II with angiosclerosis and thickening of the interventricular septum 2.5 and 1.8 times more frequently, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The clinical characteristics of ischemic heart disease in patients with arterial hypertension of different origins].

To study the clinical picture of coronary heart disease with concomitant arterial hypertension of various genesis, 172 patients were examined, out of them the cause of arterial hypertension was hypertensive disease in 54, chronic pyelonephritis in 40, chronic glomerulonephritis in 37, and stenotic atherosclerosis of renal arteries in 29, endocrine disease in 12 patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) 148 with stenotic atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and (2) 24 patients with intact coronary arteries. Comparison of these patient groups revealed no clear-cut correlation between the age and the detection of exercise-induced angina, as well as the duration of arterial hypertension. There was no correlation between the detection of the anginal syndrome and ECG changes. The incidence of the anginal syndrome was 62.2% in Group 1 and 47.7% in Group 2. It was established that the detection of the anginal syndrome correlated well with the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy and values of blood pressure, despite nosological entities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The baroreceptor reflex as a predictor of crises in arterial hypertension].

The sensitivity of baroreceptor reflex was determined by the "neck chamber" method at a pressure of 40 mm Hg in patients with mild, moderate and malignant arterial hypertension (AH). A 24-hour blood monitoring was performed in patients with mild and moderate AH. There was a negative correlation between the lowering values in blood pressure on baroreceptor stimulation and the incidence of hypertensive crises in all the groups. There was also a negative correlation between the baroreceptor sensitivity and the daily blood pressure variations in patients with moderate AH. The findings suggest that a decrease in baroreceptor sensitivity might be a predictor of the critical course of AH.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A comparative evaluation of the importance of transesophageal electrical stimulation of the left atrium and of bicycle ergometry in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with arterial hypertension].

To make a comparative assessment of transesophageal left atrial pacing (TLAP) and bicycle ergometry (BE) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) of different origin, the authors examined 56 patients. The patients underwent TLAP and selective coronary angiography, of them 39 patients had BE testing. No significant differences were found in their specificity (73 and 78%) and sensitivity (92 and 81%) between TLAP and BE, respectively. The maximum heart rate in CHD patients with AH was significantly higher (130 +/- 6 per min) during TLAP than that in BE (112 +/- 5 per min, p > 0.05), ischemic changes occurring at the same value of double product despite the mode of myocardial ischemia induction in these functional tests (240 +/- 10 and 236 +/- 12 arbitrary units, respectively; p < 0.05). The mean systolic blood pressure was higher in TLAP and in BE (210 +/- 10 and 185 +/- 8 mm Hg). This follows that TLAP and BE finding are comparable and no profound changes occur in TLAP, hence it can be recommended for wide application in the diagnosis of CHD in AH patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Transesophageal echocardiography during intraoperative evaluation of central hemodynamics in surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease].

Whether transesophageal echocardiography may be used in the assessment of central hemodynamics has been studied in 40 patients undergoing direct cardiac revascularization in extracorporeal circulation. Changes in the mean values of end diastolic area (EDA) and end-diastolic anteroposterior dimensions, end-systolic myocardial stress (ESMS), anteroposterior size shortening fraction (SF), and area decrease fraction (ADF) of cross left ventricular section are outlined in the paper. It has been indicated that at the beginning of extracorporeal circulation EDA showed, on an average, a 22% decrease (p less than 0.001), after its termination, it practically returned to the baseline values. ESMS remained high at the beginning of the operation, but at the onset of extracorporeal circulation it also dropped by 26% (p less than 0.001), being rather low until the end of the operation. The highest SF and ADF values were observed after termination of extracorporeal circulation. The changes in the parameters in question were found in hypovolemia and decreased myocardial contractility. The application of transesophageal echocardiography along with direct blood pressure monitoring correctly and fully assesses central hemodynamics.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of surgical treatment on hypertrophy of the myocardium of the left ventricle in patients with symptomatic arterial hypertension].

A total of 50 patients with arterial hypertension were examined. Group 1 included 28 patients with renovascular hypertension, 18 of them had unilateral renal artery stenosis, the remaining 10 had bilateral renal artery stenosis. Group 2 consisted of 16 patients with primary aldosteronism. Group 3 comprised 6 patients with pheochromocytoma. The examination was made with echocardiograph. Changes in left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM) were studied 1 and 6 months after surgical intervention. The maximum hypertrophy was observed in the patients with primary aldosteronism, no changes occurred in any of the groups examined 1 month after surgical management. The LVMM was found to be significantly diminished by 13% in the patients with renovascular hypertension and by 23% in patients with adrenal tumors (pheochromocytoma, aldosteroma).

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[The diagnosis of renal artery stenosis by the data from ultrasonic study methods].

The purpose of the present investigation was to elaborate diagnostic criteria for stenosing of renal arteries according to ultrasonic dopplerography. The investigation included 35 patients suffering from vasorenal hypertension with stenoses of the renal arteries documented by angiography and 63 patients with stage II essential hypertension, who made up the control group. Ultrasonic scanning of the kidneys and dopplerography of the renal arteries were performed with the use of the Acuson-128 ultrasonic system fitted out with a sector transducer operating at a frequency of 3.5 MHz. The authors have devised a method of an ultrasonic study of the renal arteries by means of the posterolateral access. Established criteria for diagnosing stenosis of the renal artery. Among these are a decline of the pulsation index, the resistive index, and the systolic-diastolic velocity ratio as compared to the contralateral artery and nonstenosed renal arteries in the control group patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of surgical treatment on circadian variations of arterial pressure in patients with primary aldosteronism and renovascular hypertension].

Noninvasive recording of blood pressure (BP) with a portable Del Mar Avionics monitor (USA) revealed its abnormal circadian rhythm in patients with renovascular hypertension or arterial hypertension caused by adrenal aldosteroma. Surgical treatment was shown to result in a significant decrease in blood pressures and normalization of its circadian rhythm in the early postoperative period.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Potentials of transesophageal echocardiography in cardiology and cardiac surgery].

The paper is concerned with some potentialities of transesophageal echocardiography (TE echoCG) in diagnostic and cardiosurgical practice. Four examples are provided (interatrial septal defect, a new growth in the right atrial cavity, vegetation on the cusps of the aortal valve, left atrial thrombus), illustrating that the use of TE echoCG was of help in the establishment of a correct diagnosis. The method is described as holding promise for observation over heart activity in cardiosurgery. In addition, the authors mark difficulties encountered during interpretation of the data obtained.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1989

[Normal intracardiac flow in middle-aged subjects based on Doppler echocardiographic data].

Doppler's echocardiography was employed in 25 healthy persons aged 26 to 38 years to establish that normal flows from the atrioventricular valves (two-peak and diastolic ones) are directed towards the monitor. The first peak (of early filling) shows on the synchronously recorded electrocardiogram a certain period after the T wave occurrence, whereas the second one (of later filling) after the P wave. The flow from the tricuspid valve varied with respiration. In 8 persons (32%), the systolic turbulent flow was recorded in the ostium of the tricuspid valve and in one person, in the ostium of the mitral valve. The velocity of the flows did not exceed 2 m/s. The flows via the main vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery) were of one peak and systolic. The spectrum of the aortal flow was more pointed and reached the maximum velocity more rapidly. In the efferent tract of the left ventricle, no reverse diastolic flow was obtained, whereas in the efferent tract of the right ventricle, it could be obtained in 15 persons (60%). The velocity of the flow did not exceed 1 m/s. The maximum and integral velocities of the flow via the mitral valve exceeded those of the flow via the tricuspid valve. Besides, the flows were different as regards the magnitude of the mean acceleration and the mean deceleration of the early filling of the ventricles. The velocities of the flow in the aorta exceeded those of the pulmonary flow. The phase of the pulmonary flow acceleration accounted for 40.7% of expulsion, that of the aortal flow only for 29%. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The initial experience of using transesophageal echocardiography in cardiology and cardiac surgery].

The first experience with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during diagnostic investigation and cardiac surgery is described. Three examples--atrial septal defect (ASD), formation in the right atrium, thrombus in the left atrium are discussed, when the TEE was useful in the establishment of correct diagnosis. The possibilities provided by TEE in cardiac monitoring are described. Some difficulties in the interpretation of the obtained images are listed.

Echocardiography↗