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O Iu Rebrova

Publications and source records attributed to O Iu Rebrova.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Structural and functional analysis of the cortico-spinal tract in multiple sclerosis].

The study aimed at comparison of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) parameters to MRI data in multiple sclerosis (MS), taking into account clinical course of the disease. TMS was conducted in 56 patients and in 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. According to stage of activity and variant of the course, the patients were divided into 2 groups: one at the stage of exacerbation and another--at the stage of remission with secondary progressive MS. Latency of segmental evoked motor response was similar in patients and controls. Statistically significant between-group difference or trend toward changing of some TMS parameters were found that indicates a slow-down of the impulse conducting along the cortico-spinal tract, which is characteristic of demyelinization process. The changes were more pronounced in secondary-progressive MS. According to MRI data, a square of the spinal cord on the level of the intervertebral disk center C2/C3 was significantly smaller in the group of patients with secondary progressive MS than in that with exacerbation of the disease. The TMS parameters correlated both with the level of the focal demyelinization process and with the square of the spinal cord on a level selected. It allows to estimate expression of atrophic changes caused, in its turn, not only by myelin loss but also by axon loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis].

To specify the character of vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis (MS) and mechanisms of their formation, the objective quantitative evaluation of experimental caloric nystagmus using the computer electronystagmographic method and a comparison of hearing impairment with asymmetry of vestibular reactions were conducted in 48 patients with MS. The peculiarities of vestibular disturbance found in the study suggest a predominance of central vestibular syndrome with both subtentorial and supratentorial traits. The influence of the heat stimulus of vestibular analyzer (hot water caloric test) in multiple sclerosis revealed during computer electronystagmography may have diagnostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Acute disorders of cerebral circulation: prognostic factors in essential hypertension].

AIM: To study subclinical signs of cerebrovascular pathology as prognostic factors of development of acute disorders of cerebral circulation (ADCC) in essential hypertension (EH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective (10-13 years) cohort trial of prognostic significance of subclinical forms of cerebral pathology in EH in relation to ADCC development covered 111 men aged 45-55 years who had undergone a unified neurological and cardiological examination in 1992-1993. RESULTS: Such factors as disordered circulation along major arteries of the head (a relative risk 3.1 [1.2; 10.3]), thick intima-media complex of the common carotid artery (a relative risk: 5.2 [2.1; 14.3]), the presence of asymptomatic lacunar brain infarctions (a relative risk: 6.6 [2.3; 13.5]) were revealed to be of unfavourable prognostic significance in respect to development of ADCC in EH. CONCLUSION: Some subclinical risk factors may have prognostic value in relation to development of ADCC in EH.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[The neural network algorithm for diagnosis of ischemic stroke pathogenetic subtypes].

The pathogenetic subtype of ischemic stroke (IS) in 204 cases of acute ischemic stroke was based on the results of clinical estimation, computer tomography, duplex scanning of brain vessels, electrocardiography, echocardiography and Holter monitoring. Initially, experts assigned a diagnosis of large-artery atherosclerosis to 59 (29%) patients, cardio embolic subtype to 51 (25%), small-vessel occlusion to 43 (21%), stroke of other etiology to 10 (5%), stroke of unclear etiology to 41 (20%). The TOAST computerized algorithm has been used for stroke subtypes diagnosis but it failed in 73% of the cases. Basing on artificial neural network, the authors developed the algorithm for determination of stroke subtypes by estimating probabilities for 3 IS subtypes: atherothrombotic, cardio embolic and lacunar. Its efficacy was proved by high diagnostic sensitivity of 97% (95% CI, 93% to 99%); positive predictive value--98% ((95% CI, 94% to 99%) and index of agreement with expert (K=0.955; 95% CI, 0.911 to 0.998).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Results of a multicenter study of Rebif-22 mcg administration in Russia].

The results of multicenter study of Rebif 22 micrograms in Russia have been reported. 167 multiple sclerosis patients have received Rebif 22 micrograms three times a week for 1 year. This study provides evidence for reduction of the relapse rate in patients with relapsing/remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. The tendency to the decrease of the severity of relapses, less need for steroid use and the decrease of EDSS score in patients with relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis have been shown. In general Rebif 22 micrograms was tolerated well.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2002

[Results of open post-registration clinical trials of copaxone in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Results of the 2-year open postregistration study of Copaxone (glatiramer acetate), conducted in 3 Moscow leading medical centres are given. 32 MS patients with remitting-relapsing MS were investigated in accordance with international requirements (neurological scales, MRI of the brain, multimodal evoked potential). Significant reduction of annual relapse rate for 70.3%, stabilization of neurological status and benign safety profile were demonstrated during Copaxone treatment. Practical recommendations for Copaxone use are given.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

[Analysis of mutations in ATP7B gene and experience with direct DNA-diagnosis in hepato-lenticular degeneration].

Hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD) is a severe autosomal-recessive disorder of the copper metabolism. It is characterized by excessive accumulation of copper in the brain and in viscera and is conditioned by the damage in the gene of copper ATP-ase (ATP7B). The paper presents the results of screening of ATP7B gene mutation in 42 patients with HLD from Russian population. The regions of ATP7B gene that are the most frequently exposed to the mutation have been studied (the exzones 14, 15, 16, 18). It is demonstrated that A-->C mutation in the 14-th exzone that led to the change of histidine1069 amino acid for glutamine, was found in more than 60% of patients--Slavs from the European Russia. This mutation was observed in both homo- and heterozygous states. The deletion of (CCC-->CC) nucleotide in the 15-th exzone of the gene was observed in 2 cases. The detailed analysis of the clinical-genetic correlations was performed in patients with the determined damages of ATP7B gene. In Russia the experience of the direct DNA-diagnosis of HLD is described for the first time. It is significant for early evaluation of the patients in preclinical state and for prescription of the preventive copper-eliminating therapy.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment and prevention of cognitive dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of cerebrolysin].

AIM: To assess therapeutic and prophylactic effect of large-dose cerebrolysin (15 ml/day for 28 days) in hypertensive and atherosclerotic patients with cognitive disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cerebrolysin was given annually (15 ml/day for 28 days) for 2 years to 42 patients in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. The effect was stated by clinical status, neuropsychological and neurophysiological data. RESULTS: In mild disturbances of cognitive functions in patients with arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis courses of cerebrolysin with one-year interval produce stable improvement of subjective status, productivity of memory, attention and thinking which persist for at least a year after the course. The clinical data agree with positive trend in neurophysiological parameters of cognitive component of the response of evoked potentials P-300. CONCLUSION: A course of 28-day annual treatment with cerebrolysin (15 ml/day) of patients with mild defects of cognitive functions stabilizes the process, leads to regression of cognitive disorders predicting vascular dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[The changes of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in plasma in ischemic stroke].

Contents of lipids (cholesterol CS, triglycerides) as well as levels of CS of lipoproteins of different density and of apolipoproteins A1 and B were measured in blood serum of 31 patients in different periods after of ischemic stroke. The majority of the indices studied were significantly decreased in men in acute periods of the stroke, especially in 8-21 days after the stroke development. Meanwhile, the levels of lipids, CS lipoproteins of both low and very low densities were increased later. Contents of CS of antiatherogenic lipoproteins of high density (HDLP) was low in different periods after the development of disorders of cerebral circulation. This confirms the concept that low level of HDLP is one of the risk factors of ischemic stroke. Decrease of the levels of both lipids and CS of lipoproteins of different density was more pronounced in patients with more severe atherosclerotic damages of the main cerebral arteries. Disorders of metabolism of lipoproteins in ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation are discussed with reference to literary data taking into consideration their heterogeneity. Genetically determined pathology of certain apolipoproteins plays a key role factor in the development of early atherosclerosis and in the elucidation of biochemical markers of the primary damages of cerebral vessels.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[A micromodification of the method of determining the activity of processes of free radical oxidation].

A micromodification of the method for registration of bivalent iron ion-initiated chemiluminescence of the apo-beta-lipoprotein total fraction isolated from the blood serum is described. A significant elevation of lipid peroxide levels and of lipid ability to oxidation, paralleled by reduced levels of endogenous antioxidants as against the norm were revealed in the patients with acute disorders of brain circulation with the use of this method. Chemiluminescent studies of lipid peroxidation processes permit monitoring lipid peroxidation reactions and thus obtain a complex of parameters that characterize the status of these processes in the studied system. Due to its high sensitivity and specificity, chemiluminescent analysis may become one of the principal methods in studies of lipid peroxidation processes.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship of immune imbalance with the development of multiple organ failure in patients with complicated postoperative period after the cardiac surgery].

A relationship of the functional status of the viscera with the immune system was studied in 38 cardiac surgical patients with septic complications and multi-organ failure in the postoperative period. In deceased patients (n = 13), the total functional organ compensation index was lower whereas the total functional decompensation index was higher than those in survivors (n = 25). In the deceased patients, each vital organ was more commonly decompensated than that in the survivors, but a definite discrepancy was ascertained only in the immune system (92% versus 16%, p < 0.0001). The average number of decompensated organs was found to increase with the severity of immunological disorders. Therefore, there is a rather high correlation between the functional status of vital organs and the degree of immunological imbalance. The authors show it necessary to use immunity-corrective drugs (splenopid) to enhance the efficiency of treatment organ failure.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparative assessment of the results of surgical and conservative treatments in parkinsonism].

Late outcomes of surgical and medical treatment of parkinsonism were studied in 582 (including 321 medical and 261 surgical) patients. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 30 years. Three hundred and fifty eight surgeries were performed. In immediate postoperative period, the following results were observed: significant (64%), moderate (20.3%) improvements, no changes (8%), deterioration (3.1%). Late outcomes were as follows: significant (34.9%), moderate (20.3%) improvements, no changes (28.7%), deterioration (16.1%). In surgical patients the complication rate was 14.8%, mortality 0.8%. Analysis of outcomes of surgical and medical treatment showed a statistically significant predominance of good outcomes in surgical patients (34%) as compared with medical ones (14%).

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The surgical results in patients with different forms of torsion dystonia].

The paper describes stereotactic operations made in 278 patients with different forms of torsion dystonia during 20 years. Late outcomes were studied and assessed in 130 patients. The duration of follow-ups was 3 to 23 years. The patients' mean age at surgery was 30.5 years. The indications for surgical treatment were ineffective medical treatment and progressive disease. Positive early and late postoperative outcomes were achieved in 93 and 70% of patients, respectively. Complications developed in 3.2 and 12.3% of patients after the first and second operations, respectively. The positive outcome depends on the form, etiology, the destructible structure or a complex of structures. Surgical treatment of patients with torsion dystonia by stereotactic operations on basal ganglia is an effective treatment that provides a steady-state positive result in 70% of patients in the late period.

Adolescent↗