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Biomedical subjects

O J Gilmore

Publications and source records attributed to O J Gilmore.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Variations in steroid receptor status with disease stage in breast cancer.

Oestrogen and progesterone receptor (ER and PgR) distribution in three clinical subgroups of 421 breast carcinomas was analysed. The groups comprised (1) early breast cancer (T1-2a, N0M0; n = 64); (2) untreated advanced fungating cancer (n = 27) and (3) advanced cancer relapsing after endocrine therapy (n = 29). Receptor distribution in each of the subgroups was compared to that of the total population. The advanced fungating group contained no ER--ve/PgR--ve tumours and the distribution was also significantly different from the total population (P less than 0.001 by Chi-squared test). The proportion of tumours in the total population that contained greater than 40 fmol/mg ER was 187/421 (44.4%). There was no significant difference between the early breast cancer group and the total population (P greater than 0.9). However, the proportion of tumours containing ER greater than 40 fmol/mg in the advanced fungating cancer group (16/27, 59.3%) was significantly higher than in the total population (P less than 0.01). This difference may be partially explained by the older age at presentation in this group. In the relapsed after endocrine therapy group only four of 29 (13.8%) contained ER greater than 40 fmol/mg which was significantly different from the total (P less than 0.001). There was a higher proportion of early breast cancers containing PgR greater than 40 fmol/mg than in the total population (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference between PgR distribution in the advanced fungating and relapsed groups compared to the total population. The data suggest that patients presenting with advanced fungating cancer are more likely to respond to endocrine therapy than the population as a whole, and that in breast cancer that has relapsed following endocrine therapy receptor levels decrease with progression of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Histopathology of benign non-palpable breast lesions identified by mammography.

Over four years the histological features of benign breast diseases, diagnosed after biopsy of non-palpable mammographic abnormalities, were reviewed and correlated with the mammographic appearances. The histological features were compared with those from all other benign biopsy specimens taken during the same period. The incidence of sclerosing adenosis and microcalcifications was considerably higher in the group of non-palpable mammographic lesions; fibrous disease of the breast and radial scar (infiltrating epitheliosis) were also more common. There was no difference in the incidence of epithelial hyperplasia between the two groups. Correlation with the mammographic appearances showed that microcalcification was most often associated with blunt duct adenosis and that stromal distortion or masses were most often caused by fibrous disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Malignant cysts of the male breast.

Two cases of male breast carcinoma presenting as cystic swellings are reported. Cysts of the male breast are rare, but unlike cysts in female breasts are more likely to represent significant pathology. We recommend consideration of excision biopsy of isolated cysts in male breasts.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Aminoglutethimide as second-line hormonal therapy in advanced breast cancer: response and toxicity.

Seventy-nine postmenopausal patients received aminoglutethimide (AG; 750 mg daily) and hydrocortisone therapy for metastatic or locally recurrent breast cancer following the failure of other hormonal therapy. Fourteen of 64 patients, tolerating the drug and assessable for response, achieved a complete or partial response. Disease stabilisation occurred in a further 2 patients giving a response rate of 25% in these patients. Median duration of response was 10 months. Response rates to AG were not significantly different whether or not there had been a response to previous hormonal therapy but a trend to higher response rates in ER rich tumours was observed. Those with a longer interval from first relapse to the start of AG appeared more likely to respond. Side-effects were noted in 35 patients overall (44%) and in 70% of those over the age of 65 years. Treatment was discontinued because of toxicity in 10 patients and there was one death due to agranulocytosis. AG is active in postmenopausal breast cancer following failure of first-line hormonal therapy, toxicity limiting its use earlier in the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prevention of intraperitoneal adhesions: a comparison of noxythiolin and a new povidone-iodine/PVP solution.

Peritoneal adhesions were induced in 250 female Wistar rats by the excision and closure of a right lower quadrant parietal peritoneal defect. After closure of the defect each rat was randomly allocated to one of five treatment groups: A, control with no instillate; B, control with Ringer solution; C, noxythiolin 0.5 per cent solution; D, noxythiolin 1 per cent solution; E povidone-iodine/PVP solution. Two millilitres of the appropriate solution were injected into the peritoneal cavity just before closure of a standard 4-cm midline incision. Assessment of adhesion formation was made at 1 week in ignorance of the treatment group. Noxythiolin 1 per cent was more effective than Ringer solution and noxythiolin 0.5 per cent in reducing the mean number of adhesions (P less than 0.05) but was inferior to povidone-iodine/PVP (P less than 0.05). Povidone-iodine/PVP solution significantly reduced the number of adhesions compared with the four other groups. In addition, it significantly reduced the mean length of attachment of each adhesion compared with the two control groups (P less than 0.001).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A study of the effect of povidone-iodine on polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemotaxis.

Studies were made of the effect of povidone-iodine on polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemotaxis. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes were incubated with various concentrations of povidone-iodine and allowed to migrate across a membrane towards a chemotactic agent. Chemotactic movement was found to decrease as the concentration of povidone-iodine rose, 75 micrograms/ml completely inhibiting all movement. A concentration of 10 micrograms/ml of povidone-iodine was found actively to repel the white cells. In vivo studies in mice showed a reduction in polymorphonuclear leucocytes at wound surfaces in the presence of povidone-iodine dry powder spray.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Topical noxythiolin in colonic healing.

Rats were subjected to division and anastomosis of the colon just proximal to the rectum to study the healing of colonic anastomoses. The effect of noxythiolin irrigation of the divided colon before and after anastomosis was investigated and compared with controls. Healing was assessed using five variables--macroscopic and microscopic inspection, bursting pressure and tensile strength estimations and angiography for new vessel formation. The study shows that noxythiolin irrigation of the colon in the rat significantly increases the chance of a sound anastomosis without interfering with healing. Furthermore, it inhibits the formation of adhesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Prophylactic intraperitoneal povidone-iodine in alimentary tract surgery.

In controlled experiments intraperitoneal povidone-iodine significantly reduced the mortality of mice (p less than 0.01) and rats (p less than 0.01) with induced peritonitis. Povidone-iodine irrigation of the rat colon before and after anastomosis did not interfere with healing or inhibit peritoneal adhesion formation. However, a newly formulated povidone-iodine solution containing increased PVP significantly reduced adhesion formation in a controlled study in rats.

Animals↗