Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O K Malla.
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Of 744 leprous patients, 61 (8.2%) had cataract-induced blindness; 46 patients (6.2%) were unilaterally blind and 15 (2.0%) were bilaterally blind. The mean age of patients with cataracts was 63.4 years in the tuberculoid-type leprosy and 56.4 years in the lepromatous type. The appearance of cataracts in lepromatous patients at an earlier age than in tuberculoid patients is significant (p less than 0.005). Of 41 cataractous eyes with posterior iris synechiae, 42.1% were observed in patients with tuberculoid-type leprosy and 59.1% in patients with the lepromatous type. Histopathological examination of 24 lenses showed that irregularities of the lens epithelium were present in 79.2%. Posterior iris synechiae were seen in 66.7% and fibrous pseudometaplasia in 41.7%. Posterior migration of the lens epithelium in the posterior subcapsular area was observed in 54.2%. In view of these clinical and histopathological findings, we discuss the probability that most cataracts in leprous patients are complicated in nature.
The incidence of cataract in Nepal was determined from data collected in 14 mobile eye hospitals (called 'eye camps'). Of a total of 12,217 patients examined in the out-patient department (OPD), cataract surgery was performed on 2,163. The percentage of cataract patients in the OPD was less in the mountains (13.8%) than in the Tarai plains (19.8%). In the inhabitants of the mountains, the majority of whom belong to the Tibeto-Birman race, cataracts appeared at a significantly later age in both males and females compared to the people of the plains, who are mostly Indo-Aryan. Cataracts were discovered in both groups at a younger age in women than in men.
A total of 116 patients in Nepal with advanced leprosy were examined in an ophthalmological survey. All patients were older than 20 years and none had suffered from leprosy for less than 10 years. Abnormal ocular findings occurred in 69.8% of all patients and 9.3% of the eyes were blind. The results are compared with those of other authors.
A total of 466 leprosy patients in Nepal, some advanced cases, were surveyed for ocular lesions. 74.2% were found with ocular features, and 12.7% of the eyes were blind. The patients were classified in tuberculoid, borderline-borderline, and lepromatous groups. Lepromatous leprosy is responsible for major ocular complications and blindness.
The intraocular pressures of a total of 1015 eyes of leprous patients who never had ophthalmological care or local eye treatment were measured. The patients were categorised according to the type of leprosy they had the eyes were categorised as without or with chronic plastic iridocyclitis. In patients with the tuberculoid and lepromatous types of leprosy the intraocular pressure was significantly lower in eyes with chronic plastic iridocyclitis than in unaffected eyes. It has been shown that chronic plastic iridocyclitis which remains untreated for many years results in significantly lower intraocular pressure.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the disease pattern of 400 patients attending Nepal Eye Hospital for strategic planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective hospital based analysis of 400 cases visiting Retina Clinic of Nepal Eye Hospital (NEH) over a period of one year was carried out in order to know the disease pattern for planning purpose. RESULTS: Males slightly outnumbered females (58% versus 42%). The diseases were more common in age group 50 to 59 years. Diabetes mellitus with or without retinopathy was the commonest cause (20.25 %) for attendance in retina clinic followed by hypertensive retinopathy and venous occlusive disorders.
UNLABELLED: Intermediate uveitis affecting pars plana, peripheral retina and underlying choroid affects primarily healthy children and young adults. OBJECTIVE: To study the components of intermediate uveitis at Nepal Eye Hospital in the year 2003 August to 2004 March. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was done in patients with intermediate uveitis visiting Nepal Eye Hospital. Sample size was 50. Specially designed proforma of intermediate uveitis was used to collect particulars of the patients, history, clinical examination findings, investigation reports, management protocols used and the final visual outcome. RESULTS: Intermediate uveitis was seen more in 20 to 29 years age group (38%) and more prevalent in males (52%). Among the study population farmers constituted maximum proportion (36%) and Mongoloid origin was mostly affected (30%). High number of patients were from the central development region with highest proportion from Dhading district (34%). Anterior segment affection with keratic precipitates and anterior chamber cells were noted in 72% of involved eyes. Vitreous cells were noted in all affected eyes while 4% had vitreous snow banking and 3% had vitreous snow balls. Most of the patients (52%) received between topical steroid and posterior subtenon injection of Triamcinolone. Visual Acuity was improved in 52% of cases and remained static in 46%.while deteriorated in 2%. CONCLUSION: Significantly high number of patients with intermediate uveitis has been reported from the central development region mainly from Dhading Kathmandu and Nuwakot districts People in their third decade were found to be commonly involved and Mongloid origin were more commonly affected Anterior chamber spill over was seen in higher percentage of patients than described in literature As the patients presented in milder forms visual acuity improved is of cases with the treatment protocol followed.
A seven year old female child presented with complaints of increased freckling over the face since the age of two years and a rapidly growing mass over the right eye. She underwent excisional biopsy of the mass over the eye which on histopathological examination was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma.
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