PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

O Kanazawa

Publications and source records attributed to O Kanazawa.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Epileptic seizures in the 4p- syndrome: report of two cases.

We report ictal phenomena in two patients with the 4p- syndrome captured on simultaneous video-EEG monitor. One patient, diagnosed as having partial epilepsy, had complex partial seizures and hemiconvulsive status epilepticus. This was associated with more severe mental retardation. The second patient was diagnosed as having the West syndrome and exhibited tonic spasms with a cluster formation. We conclude that various types of epileptic seizures may occur in patients with the 4p- syndrome, including grand mal and myoclonic seizures.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1991

[99mTc-HMPAO SPECT in epileptic disorders in childhood].

Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) using Tc-99m-d,1-hexamethylpropylenamine oxime (HMPAO) was performed in two children with epileptic disorders during both sleeping and waking diurnal stages. Immediate postictal and interictal SPECT scans were obtained for a child with partial epilepsy. They demonstrated an interictal decrease in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and a more remarkable immediately postictal decrease in rCBF. The focus was in the same region of the SPECT for both interictal and postictal spikes. Another patient was diagnosed as having continuous spike-waves during slow sleep without epileptic seizures. Although SPECT during wakefulness showed no asymmetry, SPECT during sleep revealed decreased rCBF at the same location as the predominant area of diffuse epileptic discharges. We conclude that HMPAO SPECT is useful in investigation of the etiological mechanisms of seizures and epileptic discharges in epileptic disorders in childhood.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[A case of 18 q-syndrome associated with status epilepticus].

A 15-year-old boy with 18 q-syndrome manifesting a status epilepticus is reported. He has been already diagnosed as epilepsy because of grand mal seizures at six months earlier, and abnormal EEG findings. Unilateral status epilepticus developed at 15 years of age, which were characterized by alternative repetition of horizontal nystagmus to the right and clonic convulsion of the right (mainly upper) extremities every several minutes. Ictal EEG showed continuous 2 Hz high voltage slow waves superimposed by spikes and polyspikes which transformed to localized, irregular spike discharges in the left occipital region at the end of the status. The chromosomal study revealed a partial deletion of the long arm of No. 18. He had severe mental retardation, and a typical karyotype for 18 q-syndrome with reduced prominence of the midface region, short stature and whorls on all finger tips. The immaturity of the brain probably relates to this kind of unilateral status epilepticus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cognitive function during absence seizures.

One patient with frequent spike-waves in EEG was studied by a neuropsychological test. The spike-waves caused an obvious prolongation of cognitive processing. This delay was considered to be caused not only by motor inhibition but also by impaired cognitive function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of childhood epilepsy with rectal valproate: case reports and pharmacokinetic study.

Two children with status epilepticus were treated successfully by the rectal administration of valproate (VPA), and complete seizure control was obtained in one patient without severe side effects. In addition, there was no essential difference in pharmacokinetics between rectal and oral administration of VPA as determined by computerized simulation of plasma concentration data of VPA after rectal administration in two healthy adults or an epileptic child. Although these findings suggest that the early absorption of VPA within 30 minutes of rectal administration is slightly more rapid than that of oral administration, rectal VPA seems to be unsuitable for the first choice in the treatment of status epilepticus, since it has not so immediate effects as intravenous administration of DZP.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ictal 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT in alternating hemiplegia.

99mTc-hexamethylpropylenamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed in a patient with alternating hemiplegia during 2 episodes of the disease. The regional cerebral blood flow patterns correlated with the clinical manifestations during both episodes. Hyperperfusion of the contralateral hemisphere was suggested by asymmetric 99mTc-HMPAO uptake, whereas symmetric 123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine uptake was detected during the interictal period. The results suggested that alternating hemiplegia in infants represents an atypical manifestation of epilepsy, despite the lack of paroxysmal electroencephalographic abnormalities during the episodes. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT appears to be a useful method for detecting transient regional cerebral blood flow alterations during paroxysmal events because the tracer is rapidly available for emergencies and retains a fixed distribution for 5-8 hours, sufficient time to allow for SPECT acquisition.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oculoclonic status epilepticus.

Continuous oculoclonic status epilepticus occurred for 90 min in a 4-year-old girl. The seizure consisted of continuous contralateral horizontal nystagmus concurrent with left occipital spike discharges, occasional vomiting and no loss of consciousness. Oculoclonic status epilepticus may be a variant form of versive status epilepticus.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual cognitive disturbance during spike-wave discharges.

Cognitive functions of patients showing slow spike-wave discharge in EEG without obvious absence seizures were investigated using tachistoscopic stimuli triggered by spike-waves. Response times obtained during spike-waves and during non-spike-waves were compared for three tests (tapping, simple reaction, and morphological discrimination). We present one case of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in which the test results could be statistically confirmed. The tapping test was interrupted by the occurrence of spike-waves. Response times during spike-waves were more delayed than during non-spike-waves in both the simple reaction tests and morphological discrimination tests. The differences in response times measured during spike-waves and during non-spike-waves were significantly greater in the morphological discrimination test than in the simple reaction test. The positive correlation between the length of spike-waves and response time in the discrimination test was significantly more pronounced than in the reaction test. These results were also confirmed in two other patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. We conclude that spike-wave discharges may impair cognitive processing more intrinsically than motor functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Status epilepticus characterized by repetitive asymmetrical atonia: two cases accompanied by partial seizures.

Two cases of discontinuous status epilepticus (SE) characterized by repetitive asymmetrical atonic episodes associated with diffuse but asymmetrical spike waves are reported. Both patients also had partial seizures and interictal rolandic discharges. Dynamic EEG topography was performed to investigate the location or propagation of each ictal discharge overlying the scalp during status and showed immediate bilateral spread of discharges originating from a primary epileptogenic focus from a rolandic area.

Child↗