Biomedical subjects

O Kauhanen

Publications and source records attributed to O Kauhanen.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1989

Risk factors for fever, endometritis and wound infection after abdominal delivery.

Risk factors for postoperative fever, endometritis and wound infection were analyzed in 761 consecutive cesarean sections. Postoperative fever was observed in 12%, endometritis in 4.7% and wound infection in 3% of cases. The relative risk for postoperative fever was increased in cases with postoperative hematoma (relative risk = 16.0), in cases with blood loss over 500 g (relative risk = 1.8) and if the duration of labor exceeded 6 h (relative risk = 1.9). The only significant risk factors for endometritis were amnionitis (relative risk = 8.7), postoperative hematoma (relative risk = 5.0) and age under 24 years (relative risk = 3.0). Wound infections were less frequent in cases with previous cesarean sections (relative risk = 0.15) and after elective cesarean sections (relative risk = 0.22), but duration of operation over 1 h (relative risk = 2.8), induction of labor (relative risk = 3.2) and puerperal endometritis (relative risk = 7.9) increased the risk of wound infection. By elimination of amnionitis and postoperative hematomas the rate of endometritis would have diminished only from 4.7% to 3.8%, a percentage equally unacceptable; diagnostics and prevention should be directed to young patients undergoing caesarean section. Besides technical procedures prevention of endometritis is important for the prevention of wound infection. In hospitals with low postcesarean infectious morbidity antibiotic prophylaxis seems to be unwarranted.

Cesarean Section↗

PubMed1989

C-reactive protein (CRP) levels after normal and complicated caesarean section.

Serum CRP level was measured in mothers after uncomplicated vaginal and after both uncomplicated and complicated abdominal deliveries. A rapid rise was observed after vaginal delivery, and after abdominal delivery the change was slower but more intense. Postoperative endometritis was detected quite accurately (with cut off level 90 mg/l) with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 81%. Endometritis and postoperative haematoma could not be distinguished from each other with CRP. The causes of variation of CRP level after vaginal and abdominal delivery are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking does affect fecundity.

A total of 2198 mothers were interviewed at the 20th week of pregnancy and their smoking habits before pregnancy and the time from discontinuation of contraception to the beginning of the pregnancy were registered. This information was used to investigate whether smoking affects conception delay; i.e., fecundity and a multifactorial analysis were used. The longer the conception delay, the more significant was the deleterious effect of even light smoking, the odds ratio shifting from 1.1 at 6 months to 3.2 at 18 months. The effect of smoking on fecundity seemed to be mostly dose-dependent. In mothers becoming successfully pregnant in 12 months, both maternal and paternal smoking increased the risk of conception delay (OR 1.5 and 1.3), and the effect was potentiated by increasing age (OR 2.3 and 1.6). In addition to smoking, previous recurrent spontaneous abortions were also associated with fecundity.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cigarette smoking and semen quality in men of reproductive age.

The effect of cigarette smoking on conventional semen parameters was studied in voluntary men of reproductive age (n = 190). Special attention was focused on sperm motility and its quantitative and qualitative change in vitro during the observation period. The sperm output war normal in both smokers (n = 54) and non-smokers (n = 110), but semen volume was smaller (p less than 0.03) in heavy smokers (greater than 16 cigarettes/day) than non-smokers. In sperm morphology there was no difference between study groups. The only clear difference between men with different smoking habits was in the percentual change in the sperm motility during 24 hours. At the time of first examination, the sperm motility was better (p less than 0.02) in heavy smokers than those who smoked less than 16 cigarettes per day and the motility decreased more rapidly (p less than 0.007) in heavy smokers than non-smokers. The objectively measured initial mean velocities of the whole sperm population and of the progressive spermatozoa were slightly higher in subgroup of smokers than in non-smokers. The rapid decrease in the survival spermatozoa in smokers may be uneconomical and harmful in respect of fertility.

Adult↗