PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

O Kawashima

Publications and source records attributed to O Kawashima.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Primary large cell carcinoma of the lung in the patients undergoing pulmonary resection: a comparison between pre- and post-operative diagnosis].

Between 1981 and 1995, 591 patients with primary lung cancer underwent operations. Of these, 19 patients (3.2%) was diagnosed as a large cell carcinoma pathologically. Clinicopathologically, we analyzed a discrepancy between pre- and post-operative diagnosis of these patients. This study showed as follows: 1) Accuracy of preoperative diagnosis was 73.7%; 2) No patients with primary site in right upper lobe had a correct diagnosis; 3) Accuracy of preoperation was not depending on tumor size; 4) In retrospective findings of the biopsied specimens, 'incomplete glandular differentation' caused preoperative diagnosis to adenocarcinoma, and modification of the specimens by pneumonia caused it to squamous cell carcinoma; 5) Inadequatespecimens originated from the right upper lobe or pneumonia lobe; 6) The five-survival rate was 27.3%.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Enchondroma protuberance with destroying the rib: report of a case].

A 18-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a mass shadow in the left upper lung field on chest roentgenogram of a medical check. Computed tomography and magnet resonance imaging of the chest revealed a tumor which located in the left 5th rib, and was unclearly demarcated to the rib. Under the diagnosis of a rib tumor, the patient was treated by radical en bloc excision. The pathologic diagnosis was enchondroma protuberance of the rib. This tumor may be indistinguishable from osteochondroma or chondrosarcoma. Therefore, total resection is recommended for accurate diagnosis and absolute cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term survival in surgical cases of non-small cell lung cancer with mediastinal nodal involvement].

We studied long-result of the patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N2) in lung cancer. From 1981 to 1991 in National Sanatorium Nishi-Gunma Hospital, we have performed a lobectomy or pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection for 306 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Six operative deaths were excluded (operative death rate: 2.0%). Of these, 53 patients (17%) were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma with N2 disease pathologically. The patient consisted of 31 men and 22 woman whose ages ranged from 18 to 73 years, with a mean age of 58.1 years. The results were: Mean survival period was 39 month. Five-and 10-year survival rates were 18.9% and 12.6%, respectively. By motive of detection, the group of following other disease had a better prognosis than the group of having symptom. By pT-factor, T1 had a better prognosis than T3. By the number of nodal involvement level, 1 level had a better prognosis to compared to 3 or more than 4 levels. There were 10 patients of 5-year or over survivors after surgery, none of whom had primary site in left upper lobe. Analysis with a Cox's proportional hazard model demonstrated that the number of nodal involvement level was a useful factor in prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Occult Boerhaave's syndrome without vomiting prior to presentation. Report of a case.

Boerhaave's syndrome (spontaneous esophageal perforation) is an uncommon clinical entity that frequently presents with an antecedent history of marked vomiting followed by chest or abdominal pain. We report a case of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus in 53-year-old male who was referred to our hospital with a chest discomfort. A chest radiogram revealed pleural effusion and pneumomediastinum. Nine hours after onset, the diagnosis of Boerhaave's syndrome become evident. She underwent operative repair and, after a prolonged stay, was discharged in relatively good condition 55 days after admission. The absence of vomiting prior to presentation is the distinguishing feature of this particular case. This is the seventh case in the English literature to our knowledge.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1997

Benign tumors of the lung: a 20-year surgical experience.

In the following report, we describe our investigation of the diagnosis and operative methods for benign tumors of the lung, in which the surgical treatment was selected due to suspicious malignancy. This study included 22 patients with benign tumors. The patients' mean age was 55 years old. The histological diagnosis was made postoperatively prior to 1985 and intraoperatively after 1986. Hamartoma was the most common of the benign tumors. In benign tumors, the preoperative diagnosis was almost the same as the postoperative one. Of the patients with benign tumors, 78% underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy prior to 1985, and none have undergone any invasive procedures since 1986. Malignant tumors are sometimes difficult to distinguish from benign tumors preoperatively. Therefore, intraoperative histological examinations are necessary in cases in which malignancy is suspected. In such cases, a smaller invasive procedure should be selected due to the possibility of the tumor being benign.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Arterial embolization as preoperative treatment for pulmonary aspergillosis with hemoptysis.

Pulmonary aspergillosis associated with old tuberculosis is generally resistant to treatment. Thus, if patients are treated only with conservative therapy, their condition continues to deteriorate due to repetitive hemoptysis, and may even become critical. Surgical treatment is required for these patients; however, it is extremely difficult to resect the lesion due to severe adhesions to the chest wall and vascular proliferation surrounding the lesion. We performed preoperative arterial embolization, achieving good results in three patients with hemoptysis caused by pulmonary aspergillosis. The feeding arteries were embolized using microcoils and/or gelatin sponges, and a lobectomy was safely carried out in all patients. We concluded that preoperative arterial embolization is a safe and effective technique to prevent massive hemorrhage occurring at the time of surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[T4 lung cancer: surgical indications based on results of surgical treatment].

During the period of 1981 and 1995, 54 patients with T4 lung cancer underwent pulmonary resection in our institutes. The actuarial survival rate of them was 30% at three years and 12% at five years. The five-year survival rate of 12 patients with complete resection was 33%. On the other hand, the five-year survival rate of 30 patients with incomplete resection was 9%. The five-year survival rates of 17 patients with N0 disease, 9 patients with N1 disease, and 22 patients with N2 disease were 13%, 40%, and 5%, respectively. There was a significant difference in survival between patients with N1 and N2 disease. Four patients survived for more than five years after the operation : two patients had invasion to the left atrium and two had a slight degree of pleural dissemination. Radical pulmonary resection may yield long-term survival in T4 lung cancer patients having invasion to the left atrium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer: a case report with 19-year disease-free interval].

We report pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer in a 59-year-old female with 19-year disease-free interval. The patient had undergone a radical mastectomy for left breast cancer 19 years ago. Chest X-ray films revealed on abnormal shadow in left upper lung field. Further examinations including bronchoscopic lung biopsy suggested primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. A left upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. The histological diagnosis of resected specimen was mucinous adenocarcinoma, suggesting pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer with 19-year disease-free interval. We reported our patient because of a rare case with distant metastasis after a long-term interval.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Malfunctioning Starr-Edwards mitral valve 21 years after installation.

Two cases of malfunctioning Starr-Edwards cloth-covered mitral valve prostheses requiring reoperation are presented. Both cases underwent successful surgical repair 21 years after the valve replacement. The causes were a disturbance of the poppet during the opening movement due to excessive tissue ingrowth and a paravalvular leak associated with a tear of the valve seat. Replacement of the Starr-Edwards valve prosthesis more than 20 years after the initial installation has not been reported.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Primary solitary neurofibroma of the chest wall: report of a case resected with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery].

Primary solitary neurofibroma of the chest wall is rare. We present a 38-year-old man with this disease. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow of the left lung in chest roentgenograms. Chest CT scanning showed an extrapleural tumor, 4 x 5 cm in size, which was homogenous and sharply demarcated. The tumor was resected with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The pathohistological diagnosis was neurofibroma originating from the 5th intercostal nerve. His postoperative course was uneventful. Neurofibroma commonly occurs in posterior mediastinum but rarely in the chest wall.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for a 89-year-old patient with primary lung cancer--report of a case].

A 89-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a relatively defined shadow of the right peripheral lung in chest roentgenograms. Although this case couldn't be diagnosed with transbronchial lung biopsy, adenocarcinoma of the lung (c-T1N0M0) was suspected because of radiological findings. We planned video-assisted pulmonary partial resection of the S6 in consideration of age and general status. Her postoperative courses was uneventful with no complications. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is one of the treatments for elderly patients with peripheral early stage lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Primary pulmonary malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)--a case report with a review of Japanese literatures].

A case of non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma of the lung was presented with a review of Japanese literatures. A 53-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on the roentgenogram of mass screening, with neither subjective symptoms nor abnormalities in physical examinations. Laboratory tests showed normal values. The diagnosis of pulmonary malignant lymphoma was obtained by immunohistochemical examinations. She underwent a upper lobectomy of the left lung with lymph nodes dissection of the mediastinum. The histological immunohistochemical and diagnosis of the resected tumor was primary pulmonary B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) without regional lymph nodes involvement. She has been doing well without any signs of recurrence for 15 months after the operation.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Use of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal tumors.

We herein report the usefulness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for histological diagnosis in 18 patients with mediastinal tumors. Computed tomography revealed these tumors to be in contact with the chest wall. The preoperative diagnosis was thymoma in 7 patients, germinoma in 5, neurogenic tumor in 3, and "other" in 3. The most commonly encountered indication for an ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy was an anterior mediastinal lesion (78%; 14 of 18 patients). In 16 (89%) of the 18 patients, the biopsy diagnosis corresponded to the postoperative diagnosis. No complications were encountered in any of the patients. This new technique of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy is both relatively simple and highly accurate and may thus be useful for outpatients. Preoperative ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy is thus considered to be a safe and reliable method for the histological diagnosis of mediastinal tumors, and a good alternative to traditional biopsy techniques such as mediastinoscopy or thoracotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Secundum atrial septal defect associated with mitral valve cleft: report of a case with chromosomal syndrome of trisomy 3p.

A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed as having a chromosomal abnormality with trisomy 3p associated with a secundum atrial septal defect and a cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet. His craniofacial features showed microcephaly, micrognathia, ocular hypertelorism associated with epicanthus, and low-set ears. Moderate mental retardation and hypoplasia of the penis were also noted. A left ventriculogram demonstrated grade 2 mitral regurgitation according to the Sellers' classification with a prolapsing of the mitral leaflets. A cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet was detected at the time of operation. The secundum atrial septal defect was directly closed and the mitral cleft was repaired. This is the first report of trisomy 3p associated with an atrial septal defect and a mitral valve cleft.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Effects of cimetidine on blood ethanol levels after alcohol ingestion and genetic polymorphisms of sigma-alcohol dehydrogenase in Japanese.

Administration of cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist increases blood alcohol concentrations. This has been attributed to decreased gastric first-pass metabolism of ethanol caused by cimetidine's inhibitory effect on gastric alcohol dehydrogenase (sigma-ADH) activity. Molecular studies on sigma-ADH showed that a point mutation might occur at position 287 (G --> T) of the sigma-ADH gene in Japanese deficient type of sigma-ADH activity. To clarify the relationship between first-pass metabolism of ethanol and polymorphism of sigma-ADH, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence at positions 287 and 294 of sigma-ADH in 11 individuals who were administered ethanol orally before and after treatment with cimetidine. Higher blood ethanol levels after cimetidine administration were found in 4 of 11 cases (group A), whereas high blood ethanol levels were observed in 7 of 11 cases (B group), irrespective of cimetidine administration. Genetic polymorphisms at position 287 and 294 were not observed in all subjects. Even in 59 Japanese men with various alcoholic liver diseases, no polymorphisms at position 287 were observed by restriction-length polymorphisms with Avail digestion after polymerase chain reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[So-called carcinosarcoma of the lung: A case report].

A 50-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow in chest X-ray films. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was obtained by transbronchial brushing cytology. Right lower lobectomy with hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. Histological examinations of the resected specimen showed that the tumor was composed predominantly of spindle-shaped cells containing scattered islands of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were positively stained by vimentin, keratin and epithelial membrane antigen, suggesting sarcomatous transformation of adenocarcinoma cells.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed1996

[Right traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: a case report].

A periodic examination of chest-X-ray films showed abnormal elevation of the right diaphragm in a 39-year-old man, who had a history of right cordal contusion due to fall from a bridge one and a half years ago. The patient had no clinical symptoms after the accident. Chest and abdominal CT scans and barium examinations of gastro-intestinal tract revealed herniation of the omentum, colon and liver into the right thoracic cavity. Under the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia, the patient underwent an operation through a thoracoabdominal approach showing prolapse of the omentum, colon, gall bladder and a part of liver into the thoracic cavity. Prolapse of a gallbladder is rare. Further examinations are necessary with this lesion in mind when physicians find an abnormal shadow of the diaphragm.

Adult↗