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Biomedical subjects

O Kraft

Publications and source records attributed to O Kraft.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Lymphatic mapping and detection of sentinel node in early stages of cervical carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyse two methods of intraoperative sentinel node detection using blue dye and blue dye with Tc99 labeled tracer in early stage of the cervical cancer. DESIGN: Prospective case observational study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava. METHODS: From May 2004 to September 2005, 49 patients with cervical cancer who underwent a radical surgery were included into the study. Sentinel lymph node was detected using blue dye in the first group of 23 patients and by blue dye with Tc99 in the second group of 26 patients. Intraoperative sentinel node detection was performed by visual aspection in the first group, and by visual aspection and by hand-held gamma-probe in the second group. RESULTS: Patients were divided according to stage of the disease into three subgroups FIGO IA2, FIGO IB1 and FIGO IB2. A total number of 1561 lymph node with an average 32 and 94 SLN with an average 1.9 were identified. The specific detection rate per site was 63% in the first group and 80.8% in the second group respectively. Metastatic disease was detected in 26 patients (41%) and metastatic involvement of SLN only in 11 patients (17.4%). Sensitivity and negative predictive value were 100% in both groups, false negativity was 0%. CONCLUSION: Detection of SLN by combination of blue dye and Tc99 labeled tracer has a higher detection rate of SLN than detection by blue dye alone.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Problems of detection and biopsy examination of sentinel lymph nodes in malignant melanomas and in breast carcinoma].

BACKGROUND: Detection of SLN in some types of malignant tumors is important for the developing of a therapeutic strategy, determining the stage and predicting prognosis. It is possible to avoid removal of whole groups of lymph nodes. We have three detection methods--lymphoscintigraphy, blue dye and gamma probe. The aim of this study was to compare these methods in breast cancer and malignant melanoma patients, to compare three radiopharmaceuticals, to assess the detection of non-axillary SLN in breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: SLN were examined in 214 melanoma patients (94 men, average age 58.4 yrs; 120 women, average age 52.6 yrs), in 147 breast cancer patients (145 women and 2 men, average age 59.3 yrs). We used combination of lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative blue dye and gamma probe. Lymphoscintigraphy was done with three radiopharmaceuticals--Nanocis, Senti-Scint and Nanocoll. SLN were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical examination. The best success rate of detection of SLN was by means of lymphoscintigraphy and the lowest by blue dye. The differences among the three radiopharmaceuticals were not large, however, in average Nanocoll detected more SLNs in malignant melanoma patients. In the breast cancer patients the false-negative rate of SLN was 5.17%, sensitivity 94.83%, negative predictive value 96.7%, accuracy 98%, positive predictive value 100%, specificity 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Parallel use of scintigraphy. gamma probe, and blue dye is the highly effective and indispensable for the SLN detection. In breast cancer patients it is advisable to take biopsy samples from the displayed non-axillary SLNs for improving the effects of the method.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Functional activity of a metastatic differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland].

In a patient with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular type after removal of the thyroid gland and nodular secondaries on the neck a functional secondary was detected in the liver by combined whole-body scintigraphy following administration of 131-I and scintigraphy of the liver using 99mTc-colloid, supplemented by scintigraphy of the skeleton following administration of 99mTc-MDP. At first the high thyroglobulin serum level was after repeated radioiodine treatment falsely negative. The author presents a review of cases reported in the literature who suffered from this rare type of secondaries.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1995

[Determination of differential renal function using dynamic scintigraphy].

By examination of 71 patients, using static and dynamic scintigraphy of the kidneys, the authors tested whether dynamic scintigraphy provides correct results of the separate renal function in case of a symmetrical localization of the kidneys. In case of slight asymmetry the error of calculation is feasible. In case of major differences in the position of the kidneys the results cannot be used for clinical purposes. In these patients static scintigraphy must be used with correction for different absorption layers.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Determination of differential renal function using 99m Tc-DMSA scintigraphy].

By examination of 331 patients, using 99mTc-DMSA, the authors confirmed that static scintigraphy is an accurate method for assessment of the separate renal function. In four groups of patients with different positions of the kidneys the authors proved that correction for different absorption of gamma radiation from the left and right kidney is essential. Without correction results with a significant error are obtained, in particular in patients with an asymmetric position of the kidneys, where the results calculated without correction cannot be used for clinical purposes. The results are not influenced by the time interval between administration of the radiopharmaceutical preparation and examinations within an interval of 2 to 4 hours, with the exception of patients with severe obstructive uropathy. For assessment of the relative function of the kidneys it is better to examine the patient in a vertical position. The reproducibility of results in repeated examinations and repeated evaluation is excellent.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Scintigraphic determination of the function of an autotransplanted spleen].

In an 8-year-old boy after abdominal injury scintigraphically, using radiocolloid labelled 99mTc, suspicion of a ruptured spleen was confirmed. Therefore splenectomy was performed and an autotransplantation of a portion of the spleen into the great omentum. After three months during scintigraphy performed with autologous thermally damaged and indium 113mIn labelled erythrocytes a small functional autotransplant of the spleen on the left side of the navel was revealed. Twelve months after operation scintigraphy confirmed its vitality and even an increase in size. Scintigraphy by means of damaged and labelled erythrocytes is the only visualization method to reveal vitality and functioning of autotransplants of the spleen.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Antibodies against thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyroglobulin as a possible cause of error in the diagnosis of disorders of thyroid gland function].

The authors examined in a 82-year-old female patient T4, T3, free T4, TSH, thyroglobulin and made the TRH-TSH functional test because of suspected thyroid disease. For thyroid hormones they obtained controversial resulting levels: in T4 signalizing an unreasonable negative value, in T3 a very high level, in TSH and the TRH-TSH test levels suggesting normal thyroid function which was consistent with the clinical picture. A more detailed laboratory analysis revealed the presence of antibodies binding 125I-T4 and 125I-T3 (radioindicators used for assessment of T4 and T3). The authors identified antibodies against T4, T3 and thyroglobulin. Their presence influenced the radioimmunoassay of T4 and T3 and also the immunoradiometric estimation of thyroglobulin (artificially raised level). The reliable result of the eufunctional condition was not influenced in the estimation of the TSH level.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Prostaglandin synthesis along the gastrointestinal tract of the rabbit: differences in total synthesis and profile.

In the present study we systematically investigated the synthesis of prostaglandins in the mucosa and the muscle layer along the length of the rabbit gut. Homogenates of mucosa and muscle layer were incubated with (14C)-labelled arachidonic acid, and prostaglandin formation was determined using thin-layer chromatography. With respect to total prostaglandin synthesis the highest values in the mucosa were measured in fundus, antrum and colon, whereas the prostaglandin synthesis in the muscle layer was maximal in the small bowel, particularly the ileum. In the mucosa, the prostaglandins E2 and F2a predominated, and there were minor differences along the gastrointestinal tract. In the muscle layer of the stomach, high amounts of 6-keto prostaglandin F1a, the stable degradation product of prostacyclin were produced, while small and large bowel homogenates synthesized mostly F2a. Consistently the prostaglandins A2/B2 were a major product in most locations. In addition, PG E2 catabolism to 15-keto PG E2 and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PG E2 in the absence of NAD was slow. No significant changes in total prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin profile were detected between 24 hrs fasted and normally fed rabbits at any part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗