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Biomedical subjects

O M Ahmed

Publications and source records attributed to O M Ahmed.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Measles immunization: early two-doses policy experience.

Before the implementation of the two-dose measles immunization policy in Saudi Arabia, 50 per cent of measles cases in children below the age of one year were reported for the age group 6-8 months. In 1991 two doses of measles vaccine, at 6 months and 12 months, the second dose incorporated with MMR, were integrated into the expanded programme of immunization (EPI). Since 1993, vaccination coverage for the second dose has been above 90 per cent. While measles incidence remains stable in infants below 6 months of age, the incidence in children 9-11 months of age dropped by 50 per cent. The greatest impact was seen in the 6-8-month age group where the incidence dropped by more than 75 per cent. Moreover this two-dose strategy resulted in a situation in which 80 per cent of the measles cases were in children above the age of 5 years, mostly those who had not had two doses of measles vaccine. Further control measures should include non-selective vaccination of school children against measles. The two-dose measles vaccination policy is visualized as a necessity if the goal of measles elimination is to be achieved. Routine monthly reports validated by surveys using the WHO standard 30 cluster technique was used for the study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The toxicity of Capparis tomentosa in sheep and calves.

Five Desert sheep and three Zebu calves were poisoned with daily oral doses of the dry leaves of Capparis tomentosa and died or were killed in extremis at various times after the commencement of dosing. The important clinical signs of Capparis poisoning in sheep and calves were weakness of the hind limbs, staggering, swaying, flexion of the fetlock and phalangeal joints, pain in the sacral region, inappetence and recumbency. There was decrease in the level of total protein and calcium and an increase of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), ammonia, sodium and potassium in serum. The main pathological changes were vacuolation of the neurons and axons in the spinal cord, with necrosis of the centrilobular hepatocytes and renal convoluted tubules and glomeruli.

Africa↗
PubMed1979

Effects of Jatropha curcas on calves.

Jatropha curcas seed was fed to six calves at doses of 2.5, 1 and 0.25 g/kg once and to two other calves at 0.025 g/kg up to 14 days. The onset of toxic manifestations in the six calves was rapid and death occurred within 19 hours of administration. The two calves that received daily the lowest dose of J. curcas showed signs of poisoning and died within 10 to 14 days. The clinical signs of diarrhoea, dyspnoea, dehydration and loss of condition were well correlated with the pathological findings. There was an increase in aspartate aminotransferase, ammonia and potassium and a decrease in total protein and calcium in the serum of jatropha-poisoned calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Toxicity of Jatropha curcas in sheep and goats.

The sequential development of the clinical signs and lesions in the organs of desert sheep and Nubian goats dosed with Jatropha curcas seeds at 0.05, 0.5 and 1 g/kg/day was studied. Diarrhoea, reduced water consumption, dehydration, sunken eyes, inappetence and loss in condition were the important signs of J curcas poisoning in sheep and goats. The main pathological changes were haemorrhage in the rumen, reticulum, lungs, kidneys and heart, catarrhal and/or haemorrhagic enteritis, hepatic fatty change, pulmonary congestion and oedema and straw-coloured fluid in serous cavities. An increase in the concentrations of AST, ammonia, potassium and sodium and a decrease in total protein and calcium were detected in the serum. Haematological changes were haemoconcentration and leucocytosis.

Animals↗