When do we say when? Reflections and reexamination of nursing's response to addictive behaviors.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O M Church.
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This paper documents the process of an oral history study that involved interviews with 18 women who graduated from the Illinois Training School near the turn of the century. It described oral history as a methodology, the process of data collection as it related to working with a specific population, the significance of the findings as they relate to self care, and a summary of the efforts with recommendations for future endeavours.
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Women as patients as well as providers within the health care area may yet benefit from the transformations taking place within the medical industry. The evolution from patient to consumer during this past century was fraught with reactions to overzealous paternalism and the misguided notion of separatism as a route to equality. Women's work was confined to her separate sphere and was limited to the privacy of the home or within certain circumscribed work roles "for women only," whereas the work of men involved functioning publicly in the world at large. Historically this situation relates to a key disability of nursing, that is, its dependent relationship to organized medicine which served to limit its advancement. For even though nurses could enter the public male environment of the hospital, they could do so only with the expectation that they were there to serve the physician. All women were limited by the Victorian mentality that prescribed unequal status for them in society. The active optimism which finally resulted in suffrage for women in 1920 offered promise of integration in educational and professional opportunities which remained unfulfilled decades later. In the last half of this century, the resurgence of social reforms dealing with civil rights, consumerism, and born-again feminism has once again stimulated great expectations. The ultimate solution must lie somewhere in the middle ground, where competence determines the provider and an informed compassion meets the needs for health care.
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The transition of psychiatric nursing's position during its development from custodial caretaking to a legitimate and unique segment within nursing reveals the interplay of influential social and professional forces. Current renegotiations of professional boundaries in the field of psychiatric care require a historical awareness of previous attempts in defining each discipline's scope of concern. Documentation provided by this article is a contribution to that endeavor.
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