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Biomedical subjects

O M Oluwatosin

Publications and source records attributed to O M Oluwatosin.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Necrotizing fasciitis.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but rapidly progressive and potentially fatal disease condition. It is characterized by progressive inflammation and extensive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia, sparing the underlying tissue. It is a poly-bacterial infection and is associated with profound systemic toxicity, considerable morbidity and a high mortality rate. The outcome is influenced by early recognition and radical surgical debridement. We present a report of six cases of NF who presented to our surgical service within the past 5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Blepharoptosis in Ibadan, Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To look into the cases of blepharoptosis in our environment as well as find out the causes and effects of the ptosis. DESIGN: Prospective clinic study and prospective cluster sampling method of school children. SETTING: University College Hospital, Ibadan and 3 schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. SUBJECT: Over a 5 year period, all patients who presented with blepharoptosis at the University College Hospital were recruited for the study. During the same period, a school survey was also done to find out the prevalence of blepharoptosis among school children. RESULTS: Twenty five cases of blepharoptosis were found during the 5 year period. Fifty two percent of the patients were found to be less than 16 years of age while only 8% were over 50 years of age. There was a 1:1 male to female ratio with majority of them (68%) having only one eye affected. The most common cause of blepharoptosis was found to be congenital, accounting for 56% of the patients. The prevalence in the school survey was found to be 1.2% higher than the incidence of 0.5% found in the eye clinic. CONCLUSION: Blepharoptosis is not an uncommon ocular problem. A detailed assessment of the cause, amount of ptosis and levator functions helps to determine the most appropriate surgical technique which would give the best functional and cosmetic result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A comparison of topical honey and phenytoin in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers.

In view of the reports that phenytoin and honey are useful in the healing of wounds, a comparison of their topical use in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers was carried out. Fifty cases of chronic leg ulceration were studied, each for a period of four weeks. They were assigned into three groups for honey, phenytoin/honey mixture, and phenytoin topical treatment. Overall mean duration of the ulcers was 56.5 months while the mean(s.d.) size was 3339 (5193) mm2. Mean percent reduction in size in the group treated with honey, 27.0 (36.9), was not significantly different (H = 0.26; 2 df; p = 0.88) from that of the mixture group, which was 25.9 (46.4), and from that of the phenytoin group which was 35.5 (53.2). This percent reduction in size was significantly greater, (H = 7.69; 2 df; P = 0.02), during the first week in the phenytoin group than in the other groups. Four of the cases progressed to complete healing at the end of four weeks with phenytoin. Pain score difference (using a graduation scale from 0 to 10) at the end of the four week treatment, was, 1.8 (1.7) in honey group, 2.0 (1.3) in mixture group and 3.6 (2.4) in phenytoin group. This difference was not significant, (H = 3.09; 2 df; P = 0.21). Our study suggests that phenytoin may be superior to honey as a topical agent in the treatment of chronic ulcers.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Encephalocele and associated skull defects.

Encephalocele is a common congenital problem in the practice of Neurosurgery worldwide, with varying sizes of the underlying skull defects. This study was carried out to determine the size of the problem; to assess whether the skull defects are being under-managed or not; and also to determine those patients that will benefit from cranioplasty. The case notes of the patients with encephalocele managed over a 5 year period were reviewed and the relevant data obtained. Seventy-six percent of the patients had occipital encephalocele. The average diameter of the skull defect was 1.8 cm. Only 2 (9.5%) of the patients had cranioplasty. Cosmesis was acceptable to all the patients. No recurrence was noted in the series studied. We therefore concluded that the skull defects are not being under-managed, however large anteriorly based lesions with wide skull defects (i.e >2.5 cm) will require cranioplasty.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orofacial indices: a study in 240 Nigerian children.

This paper seeks to establish normal orofacial indices in Nigerian children under the age of 12. The children were grouped according to age and sex. The indices studied were: mouth width/upper vermilion are with lip relaxed; coefficient of upper lip curvature; upper lip height/mouth width; height of cutaneous upper lip/upper lip height; height of upper vermilion/upper lip height; upper lip elasticity; and size of oral aperture. The indices varied with age. Except for upper lip elasticity in 10-11-year-old children, there were no significant differences in orofacial indices in males and females. The coefficient of upper lip curvature which is an index that measure the curve or protrusion of the upper lip, was maximum in two or three-year-olds in both sexes. The orofacial indices calculated from lip dimensions could provide important baseline information for surgical repair or reconstruction of the orofacial region in black children.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ABDEFS' scoring system: a new method of evaluating chronic ulcers.

Six clinical features of chronic skin ulceration are employed to described a new scoring system. When utilised in 50 evaluations of chronic leg ulcers, a significant correlation with independent observations of the same ulcers, based on the clinical judgement of an expert, was obtained. The new method of scoring can be applied with ease, requires no special training, and can be used consistently by health workers.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Knowledge of the scope of plastic and reconstructive surgery by surgical specialists at Ibadan and Ilorin, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Defects created by all surgical specialties require closure. Plastic and reconstructive surgery is a subspecialty that reconstructs large defects. Many people including the medical and dental practitioners are still unaware of its scope. This study was conducted to assess the level of awareness of surgical specialists in the practice of plastic and reconstructive surgery. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to all surgical specialists working at the University College Hospital, Ibadan located in the South-West zone of Nigeria and to surgical specialists at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, located in the North Central zone of Nigeria. Scores of respondents were compared and analysed using student t-test. RESULTS: The mean knowledge of specialists at the University College Hospital, Ibadan was 62.61% (SD 14.63) while that of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital was 47.86% (SD 20.26). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the general limitation of knowledge among surgical specialists on the scope of plastic surgery. It also showed a variation in the knowledge of the practitioners at Ibadan and Ilorin on the scope of plastic surgery. Greater progress must be made in the education of our colleagues as well as the general public, if the specialty of plastic and reconstructive surgery is to be practiced in its full scope.

Educational Status↗