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Biomedical subjects

O M Pozdniakov

Publications and source records attributed to O M Pozdniakov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Cell therapy as a method to correct pathogenetic disturbances in dyslipidemia and early atherosclerosis].

The article is dedicated to the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of immune inflammation in the vascular wall, as well as hepatic functional disregulation in dislipidemia and atherosclerosis. The authors emphasize that the decompensation of the process of cell regeneration in actively functioning organs (vascular endothelium, hepatocytes) and a concomitant immune disregulation become the main factors of the progression of dislipidemia and atherosclerosis. The authors consider the conditions for and factors of cell therapy, based on the use of allogenic fetal hepatic cells and autological bone marrow cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Plastic remodeling of the synaptic apparatus of skeletal muscles under physiological and pathological conditions].

The synaptic apparatus of skeletal muscles undergoes continuous remodelling, by adapting to the functioning level of the peripheral neuromuscular apparatus under normal conditions, compensating and restoring its impaired function in pathology. This reorganization has specific features depending on the factors that influence it, such as increased function, decreased or no function, neuronal and nerve damage, synaptic toxin intoxication, autoantibody action, disturbances of trophic influences, etc. Damage to any link of the neuromuscular apparatus due to the above factors is likely to be an essential condition for remodelling.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A morphological study of skeletal muscles of rats flown aboard the space laboratory SLS-2].

M. soleus and m. gastrocnemius in rats flown aboard SLS-2 during 14 days have been studied histologically and electron-microscopically. It is found that the stay in a weightless environment causes muscular atrophy which is more pronounced in m. soleus. In rats killed on Day 13 of the flight and in five hours post-flight the morphological picture of the muscles was similar although in rats killed postflight the number of dystrophic changed fibers was greater. The availability of the active satellite cells, myoblasts and muscular tubes was indicative of a preserved regenerative capacity of the muscles. After a lapse of 14 days of readaptation to terrestrial gravity the size of muscular fibers in the rats of flight group has reached the level of control animals although the contractile apparatus of m. soleus did not restore completely. In the rats of this group m. soleus had the foci of small newly forming muscular fibers evidently appeared at the sites of fiber destruction as a result of hemodynamic disorders accompanying the transition from microgravity to terrestrial gravitation. Total number and number of functioning capillaries in the rats of flight groups did not change.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

[Ultrastructural features of muscle spindle organization in a replanted limb].

It has been shown that in a month after replantation of extremity the muscle fibres survive. Some of them have got good safety, in others--destructive-degenerative changes prevail. The reinnervation processes were not perfect because of the disturbance of axon-Schwann interrelations and as a result of this--the presence of the degenerative forms of Schwann cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Synthetic antioxidant correction for disorders of the regulatory and microcirculatory systems in the early stages of experimental atherosclerosis].

The influence of synthetic antioxidants (AOs) on hypothalamo-hypophyseal neuro-secretory system (HHNS), sympatho-adrenal system and microcirculatory bad in early stages of atherogenesis in rabbits (Anichkov's model) was studied. Correction of lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation (LP) activation by AOs was accompanied by disappearing of structural changes in regulatory and microcirculatory systems, regression of atheromatosis in great arteries. Stabilization effect of AOs on neurons and erythrocytes membrane structures was noticed. Some distinctions in mechanism of action between mexidol and fenbutol were found. Thus, regulatory and microcirculatory disturbances, which appear on early atherogenesis stages and is the basis of chronic noninfectious pathology in different target-organs is reversible, for example trough LP correction.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of weightlessness on the early stages of the posttraumatic regeneration of the rat soleus muscle].

The regeneration process in soleus muscle of the rats flown on board of the biosatellite "Cosmos-2044" for 14 days was studied. The muscle was crashed in the middle 2 days before the flight. The delay of regeneration process in comparison with controls was revealed by electron microscopic examination of the muscles. Destructive changes prevailed in muscle fibers, in myoblasts and newly formed muscle tubes as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The role of dyslipoproteinemia in the genesis of chronic hepatitis].

The dynamics of structural changes in the liver in experimental dyslipoproteinemia (DLP) and its correction was studied. Vessel-tissue changes found in the liver of rabbits in a short-term and stable DLP (4, 8 weeks) can be estimated as different stages of chronic active hepatitis. The microcirculation disorders and structural changes in the liver appeared at the early stages of DLP in the absence of atheromatosis in large arteries. The pathological changes in the liver existed 36 weeks after the rejection of atherogenic diet and correlated with DLP. Thus, DLP can be the risk factor as cardiovascular diseases as chronic nonspecific changes in the target organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the causes of incomplete structural and functional restoration of the skeletal muscles after severe traumatic injury to the limb (ultrastructural study)].

The work is concerned with light-optic and ultrastructural analysis of the causes of incomplete structural and functional restoration of skeletal muscles after extensive trauma and replantation of the limb. It was found that posttraumatic myogenesis was limited due to change of some of the satellite cells from the myogenic type of development to differentiation with the formation of fibroblast-like cells. In distinction from the embryonal cells, the myoblasts form the surrounding basal membranes earlier which prevents their fusion and the formation of the myosymplast. The features of the macrophageal reaction, its permanency lead to accumulation of collagen in the interstitium. Progressing secondary neurogenic atrophy develops at the tissue level. The developing posttraumatic microangiopathies are the cause of secondary destructive changes in the muscles. The disorders of tissue nutrition and the progressing atrophic and destructive-degenerative processes gear the autoimmune mechanisms in the late periods which is conducive to stable chronicity of the pathological process in the muscle.

Animals↗