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Biomedical subjects

O Messerschmidt

Publications and source records attributed to O Messerschmidt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Investigations on combined injuries. 27th communication: immunity and antibody level in rabbits after whole-body irradiation and combined injuries (irradiation and traumatism) (author's transl)].

A combined traumatism adversely affects radiation disease. Therefore it was of interest to investigate what influence exerts a combined lesion on an existing immunity state. After whole-body irradiation alone as well as after combined irradiation and traumatism, no significant decrease of the antibody level was found in rabbits which had been infected with vaccina virus Elstree four weeks before the irradiation. The conclusion seems justified that patients submitted to a therapeutic immunosuppression have to be vaccinated against dangerous virus infections before and that a natural immunity or an immunity induced by vaccination cannot be destroyed even by an accident involving a high radiation exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Investigations of combined injuries, 28th communication: Troubles of hemostatic equilibrium arising from radiation and combined injuries (author's transl)].

In female mice the influence of total-body irradiation combined with excision of skin on the blood-clotting system was examined. Whereas the general tests of plasmatic coagulation showed no significant change, a biphasic course of coagulation disturbances in thrombelastography and euglobulin-clot-lysis following combined radiation injury was found. During the first time a pronounced increase of coagulability appeared, followed by the development of a hypocoagulability due to thrombocytopenia and functional disturbances of blood platelets. In this hemorrhagic period the euglobulin-clotlysis time was accelerated, but only after combined injury. Possible reasons are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Peripheral reticulocyte count as biologic dosimetry of ionizing radiation. Experiments in the mouse.

The flow of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood reflects the bone marrow activity and can be used for evaluation of radiation injury. Using an apparatus capable of microfluorometric quantification of reticulocytes in suspension, the peripheral blood reticulocytes of mice exposed to various doses of ionizing radiation were examined. A dose dependent reticulocytopenia was observed. The advantages of this method in biologic dosimetry over that of evaluating chromosomal aberrations, and its applicability for screening a human populations, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Investigations on combined injuries, 24th communication: response of blood circulation and respiratory function in mice upon whom was inflicted whole-body irradiation in combination with open skin wounds (author's transl)].

Combined injuries were inflicted upon NMRI-mice, hurting each with an open skin wound subsequent to sublethal exposition to X-rays. Lethality among animals with combined injuries was between 40 and 60%, while animals only irradiated and those with only a skin wound had lethalities between 10 and 20% and 0%, respectively. Blood circulation and respiration of animals injured with combined lesions were studied in an attempt to understand the cause of the high lethality in this group. The blood volume and the oxygen transport capacity were drastically reduced in animals with combined injuries as compared to those in animals only irradiated, although plasma volume, vascular permeability and distribution of the blood volume remained similar in both groups. Analyses of gases and acid/base composition of blood revealed neither respiratory nor metabolic acidosis. These findings indicate that combined injuries hardly impair blood circulation and respiratory function.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

[Investigations on combined injuries, 25th communication: renal function and energy metabolism in mice with injuries combined of whole-body irradiation and an open skin wound (author's transl)].

In NMRI-mice injured with combined lesions (whole-body irradiation with 500 R and, two or seven days later, an open skin wound), lethality increased from 10 or 20% following sole irradiation up to 60%. Investigations of urinary excretion and serum levels in animals with combined injuries did not show undue elevations of the levels of electrolytes, creatinine, urea, uric acid and acid or alkaline equivalents. Analysis of lactate, pyruvate, ATP and ADP in liver tissue and blood serum indicated no significant changes in the energy metabolism in animals with combined injuries in comparison with mice irradiated only. These findings and those of our last communication (24. Mitteilung) seem to be incompatible with the presence of a shock state as cause of the high lethality of mice with combined injuries.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Study of combined injuries (23rd communication) (author's transl)].

NMRI-mice which were whole-body irradiated, received two or three days later open skin wounds. While irradiation or wounding alone caused a mortality of 10 to 20% and 0% respectively, a combination of injuries caused 80 to 100% mortality. With regard to the as yet unexplained pathogenesis of this clinical condition, bacteriological examination of the skin-wound was undertaken. Staphylococci, lactobacilli and gramnegative bacilli were found on the wounds, and the bacterial concentration per cm2 wound area among animals with combined injuries was significantly higher than in controls. Covering the wounds with lint effected a distinct reduction of bacterial number as well as a reduction of mortality. A similar success of therapy was attained through local administration of antibiotics. A possible correlation between bacterial seeding and increased mortality is discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Comparative haematological changes after 15 mev neutron- and X-irradiation. I. Differentiation counts in peripheral blood and bone marrow.

The effect of 15 MeV fast neutrons on blood and marrow cells of young NMRI-mice was compared to that of X-rays after single doses of whole-body irradiation. Using differential cell counts in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears, quantitative data are presented. Complete recovery of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells to control values was not observed. Lymphocytic regeneration was particularly retarded. Irradiation with fast neutrons affected the regneration of marrow cells more severely than with X-rays.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental investigations on the immunity development in irradiated mice after local and parenteral immunization with tetanus-toxoid (author's transl)].

Using the "tetanus-mouse" model the differences in immunity development between animals exposed to irradiation (300 R and 400 R) and animals not exposed to irradiation after nasal and subcutaneous vaccination was investigated. Immunization was carried out 1, 3, 6 and 10 days before and after exposure to irradiation. Efficacy of immunization was tested by challenge with 10 X LD50 tetanus-toxin and by antitoxin determination with L+-method. The degree of the immune response was dependent on 1. the irradiation dose, 2. the interval between active immunization and the ensuing or preceding irradiation, 3. the mode of vaccination (local or parenteral) and 4. the vaccination dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Studies on combined lesions. 22. Studies on serum proteins by means of CAF-electrophoresis in mice, treated with whole body radiation and with open skin wounds].

After combined injuries, much more pronounced changes in the protein composition of serum develop than simply after skin wounding or irradiation. A decrease was found in the prealbumin, albumin, alpha1-globulin and gamma-globulin fractions while the alpha2-globulin and beta-globulin fractions increased. If skin wounds were inflicted prior or almost simultaneously to irradiation, the serum protein changes as induced by irradiation become normalized earlier. I1 skin wounds were inflicted after irradiation they caused very pronounced alteration in the protein picture which develops in a course parallel to the increasing lethality. Only if the skin wounds were inflicted 21 days after irradiation, that they appeared to have nearly no influence in the form of augmenting protein changes. The gamma-globulin content increased considerably after the 14th day after irradiation. An additional skin wound, however, caused a depression of the gamma-globulins; but the values were still significantly higher than normal.

Alpha-Globulins↗