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Biomedical subjects

O N Volkov

Publications and source records attributed to O N Volkov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Genetic polymorphism of steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17) and hyperinsulinemia in endometrial carcinoma].

Initiation and/or promotion of endometrial carcinoma is considered to be associated with estrogens and androgens (androstendione) excess as well as hyperinsulinemia and resistance to insulin. It is possible that certain polymorphisms of the genes involved in steroidogenesis or steroid metabolism contribute to carcinoma susceptibility. In the current study, we compared the role of CYP17 biallelic MspA1) polymorphism in 114 endometrial carcinoma patients and 182 healthy women. According to our data, A2/A2 CYP17 genotype traditionally regarded as "unfavorable" was less frequent in cancer patients than in control which confirmed the results of two previous publications. For the first time, carriers of the genotype were shown to have relatively low levels of blood insulin and C-peptide. No significant difference was found between mean concentrations of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and those of estradiol in the carriers of various CYP17 genotypes with endometrial cancer. Hence, CYP17 polymorphism which is represented by the "normal" A1/A1 genotype might be a factor of risk for endometrial carcinoma. Since this genetic variety may develop through an unconventional (nonsteroid) pathway, taking relevant preventive measures in high-risk groups should be recommended.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2001

[Prognostic factors influencing results of the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer].

In patients with carcinoma of the pancreas 128 gastropancreatoduodenal resections (GPDR), 15 distal resections of the pancreas and 3 pancreatectomies were performed. After GPDR 5-year survival was 12%, the survival median was 24.3 months. Only one patient is living 6 years after left-sided resection and pancreatectomy. Long-term results of the operative treatment for carcinoma of the pancreas depended on the amount of regional metastases, degree of differentiation of the tumor, its size and invasion into the vessels. The long-term results were considerably worse if the tumor was localized in the uncinate process, body and tail of the pancreas. The 5-year survival was noted mainly in patients with the 0 and I stages of the disease. It shows the early diagnostics to be necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Results of radiotherapy and combined, comprehensive treatment of pancreatic cancer].

The results of irradiation, combined and complex treatment of pancreatic cancer have been evaluated versus stage, site and extent of surgery. Radiotherapy was carried out in 63 patients (1988-1999): prior to gastropancreaticoduodenectomy (GPDE)--7; after GPDE--12; for local recurrence after GPDE--4, before and after left-sided resection--4, before and after conservative surgery--19, and after diagnostic verification (exploratory laparotomy or ultrasound-controlled fine-needle biopsy)--17. Diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical data and case histories, ultrasonographic, CT, histological, cytological, biopsy, blood serum-marker CA 19-9 and CEA findings. Two months after treatment, complete remission was registered in 5 (13%), partial response--5 (13%), stabilization--13 (33%), tumor progression--16 (41%). Before and after GPDE, tolerance to radiotherapy was sufficient. Median survival in this group was 12.9 months, controls--8.1 months; for conservative surgery--7.3 and 4.1 months, respectively; radiotherapy + exploratory laparotomy alone--16.8 and 4.3 months, respectively. Irradiation of locally-advanced tumors of the body and/or tail of pancreas proved effective: median survival was 7.3 months, control--2.2 months. Hence, radiotherapy made an important contribution to treatment of locally-advanced and resectable pancreatic tumors and longer survival.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A polymorphism study of the CYP19 gene in endometrial cancer patients].

A strong connection is known to exist between initiation/promotion of endometrial cancer and excess of estrogens. Therefore, participation of certain alleles of genetic polymorphisms in steroid biosynthesis or metabolism may be responsible for predisposition to the disease. The present study, comparing CYP19 (aromatase) gene polymorphism in 85 patients and 110 healthy females, pointed to a more frequent occurrence of relatively longer alleles (A6 and A7) of the CYP19 gene in the former group. Furthermore, precisely those genotypes co-occurred more frequently with elevated blood levels of estradiol and testosterone in postmenopausal patients. Hence, CYP19 gene polymorphism may be regarded as a factor of genetic risk for endometrial carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Treatment of lung metastasis in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma].

The study group included 104 patients with soft-tissue sarcoma and metastases into the lung, treated at the Institute Clinic in 1960-1992. Surgery for lung metastasis was given to 10 and chemotherapy-to 48 patients; the remaining 48 cases received treatment for symptoms only. Overall 5-year survival was 13.5% (after surgery-30.0%; chemotherapy-19.1%). All the 46 patients treated for symptoms died within two years after detection of lung metastasis. Chemotherapy proved effective in the treatment of multiple metastasis when detected shortly after removal of the first lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Microvascular reconstruction of the esophagus with pedicled small intestine.

A modified procedure for total reconstruction of the esophagus with small intestinal transfer is suggested. It includes reconstruction of marginal and lymphatic vessels of its mesentery using microsurgical technique. With application of the modified procedure, the transplant may be longer, its loops may be straightened and better vascularized, and lymphatic drainage of the intestine may be preserved.

Esophagoplasty↗
PubMed1991

[Concentrated irradiation as a stage of multimodal treatment of cancer of the proximal part of the stomach].

The postradiation changes in carcinoma of the proximal part of the stomach were studied in 32 patients: the parenchymal volume (PV), the damage index (DI), and the mitotic index (MI). The controls were 15 cases in which radiotherapy was not applied. Radiotherapy with large fractions (5 Gy 4 times daily) reduced the PV to 27 +/- 0.8 u on average as compared to the controls (77 +/- 1 u) and lowered the MI to 2.3 +/- 0.5% as compared to the controls (8% +/- 1), the DI ranged widely (3-67%). The methods of quantitative morphological study of tumors may be useful in objective evaluation of the efficacy of various schemes of preoperative concentrated irradiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Combined surgery in cancer of the proximal section of the stomach].

The investigation showed combined surgery for cancer of the gastric cardia to be justified from the oncological point of view. Such intervention reaches out to the limit of radical treatment. However, combined surgery should not be performed unless there are substantial indications. Basic indications for excision or resection of an adjacent organ should be gastric tumor extension through organs and tissue or dissemination to the regional lymph nodes which cannot be radically removed unless surgery is performed on adjacent organs.

Cardia↗
PubMed1984

[Rehabilitation of patients with cancer of the proximal section of the stomach].

A clinical and socio-psychological study showed that more than 50% of patients with cancer of the proximal part of the stomach may be rehabilitated following radical treatment (surgery or radiation plus surgery). Large contingents of cancer patients may return to work if a number of requirements e. g. provision of regular meals at the place of work, sparing diet, reduced working hours, healthy psychological climate, etc. are met.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative evaluation of surgical and combined treatment of cancer of the proximal region of the stomach].

The paper deals with an analysis of the results of treatment of 351 cases of radical surgery for cancer of the proximal part of the stomach (surgery-303, surgery + preoperative large-fractionated radiation-48). It was found that radiation was not followed by increased blood loss during operation nor did it interfere with application of any surgical procedure. Concentrated irradiation did not involve an increment in postoperative lethality and complication rates. Five-year survival rates were 37.4 +/- 8.0 in cases of combined treatment and 20.4 +/- 2.7% in those of surgery. The improvement in survival rates recorded in cases of combined treatment was largely due to a decreased incidence of local recurrences.

Cardia↗
PubMed1983

[Combined (radiation and surgical) treatment of esophageal cancer].

The article gives an analysis of results of the combined (radiation and surgery) treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus. The results are estimated on the basis of an analysis of postoperative complications and survival of the patients during 3 and 5 years. The authors consider that the combined treatment does not only not complicate the operative intervention and postoperative management of the patients but also improves the remote results.

Adult↗