[Antioxidants in clinical practice].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O N Voskresenskiĭ.
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The free-radical oxidation level of lipids in the rat's testicles of different age under the conditions of chronic and multiple antioxidant insufficiency has been studied, as well as the reproductive ability of male rats, kept at the nonantioxidant ration. The increase of free radical oxidation lipids in the testicles of animals with chronic multiple antioxidant insufficiency and the decrease of their reproductive ability has been observed. The antioxidant complex in such conditions had a defensive effect. The obtained results serve as the basis of the antioxidant use as the means of normalising the reproductive functions in males during period of low receipt and high expense of alimentary oxidants.
In the experiments, performed on 12 white rats and 8 rabbits, by means of scanning electron microscopy of the native preparations and in a number of cases with use of silver nitrate impregnation, the internal surface structure has been studied in the aortal membrane of mature and old animals. At ageing the integrity and continuity of the endothelial monolayer is preserved, on the surface local intimal pits, craters and microdefects appear, adhesiveness of endothelium to leucocytes increases. Orientation of the intimal folds is disturbed. The type of the senescent remodeling in the endothelial layer revealed predisposes to development of atherosclerosis.
Patients with cerebral atherosclerosis were examined for the parameters of lipid and peroxidation metabolism and their correlation with the gravity of the disease. The findings obtained included the development of moderate hyperlipidemia and intensification of lipid free radical oxidation. The levels of hyperlipidemia showed no significant variations in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis of varying severity whereas the levels of free radical oxidation of lipids directly correlated with the severity of the disease. The processes of free radical oxidation play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cerebral atherosclerosis.
The effect of chronic emotional stress on lipid peroxidation (LP) in tissues and blood was studied in "emotional" and "nonemotional" rats. In was established that the content of LP products in the brain, liver and myocardium, the blood content of beta- and pre-beta-lipoprotein hydroperoxides, and peroxide resistance of red blood cells were higher in "emotional" than in "nonemotional" animals. The stress-induced increase in the individual differences as regards LP correlates with the intensity of the pathological somatic manifestations.
The experiments on rats have shown that during prolonged subliminal electrostimulation of limbic brain system structures peroxidation is enhanced in the blood and tissues (myocardium, liver, parodontium), with it being realized via activation of sympathoadrenal and hypothalamo-hypophyseal systems and stipulated by the failure of physiologic antioxidative mechanisms.
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