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Biomedical subjects

O P Forattini

Publications and source records attributed to O P Forattini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Microhabitats of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in the region of the Paraiba Valley, São Paulo State, Brazil].

The objective of this study was the determination of extent of the spatial distribution of Aedes albopictus in the Paraíba River Valley, State S. Paulo, Brazil. Thus, collections of larvae and pupae mosquitoes were carried out at six sites distributed along a transection with a 10-km extension. The target was the tree-holes but artificial containers were also used in this investigation. Aedes terrens and Ae. albopictus were the only species of genus Aedes present in the tree-holes mentioned. The segregation of seven species of the tree-hole community was undertaken in the light of macrohabitat and microhabitat features. Thus, the distribution of Ae. albopictus was found to cover the rural, rural-urban and urban zones, but the rural-urban held the preference. Ae. albopictus never present in the residual and primary forest. The favorable factor to infestation with Ae. albopictus in the Paraíba Valley seems to have been the large number of natural niches made vacant by human influence. The rain has been important in the production of larvae and pupae, but the rainfall period does not coincide with the maximum production on them. The tree-holes whose volume exceeded 600 ml were the most productive breeding places. The abundance of these two stages occurs in the summer and autumn. However, the highest peak was observed in the months of March and April. These seasonal variations were found to be common in both the bamboo trap and the artificial container. The temperature data suggest a limit of from 17 to 23 degrees C for the best development of larvae. In the light of this, the strain of Ae. albopictus studied seems to have originated in tropical Asia. Just as happened with Ae. aegypti it may become an important epidemiological vector for the dengue fever and provide links for yellow fever transmission in Brazil.

Aedes↗
PubMed1991

[Quality of life and urban environment. São Paulo city, Brazil].

The concept of the quality of life is presented: its main aspects and the possibilities of this assessment and measurement are presented. Community and individual features are described and related to causal factors. S. Paulo city, Brazil, is seen to be an urban environment with quality of life problems on which some considerations are offered.

Brazil↗
PubMed1991

[Domiciliation of Culex mosquitoes (Melanoconion), in man-made deeply modified environment].

Some data on Culex (Melanoconion) mosquito behavior in human environments are presented. Adults were collected simultaneously through peridomiciliary and extradomiciliary catches, with the use of human bait inclusive. Dominant species were identified as Cx. delpontei, Cx. ocossa, Cx. ribeirensis, Cx. sacchettae and Cx. taeniopus. In the domiciliary environment Cx. ribeirensis and Cx. sacchettae, the principal species found, were collected with considerable frequency by the use of human bait placed in the peridomiciliar environment. Cx. delpontei and Cx. ocossa showed a lower frequency in that environment. Greater numbers of adults were obtained in the first three months of the year, particularly in March. Nocturnal activities showed two apparently distinct patterns. One of them was presented by Cx. ribeirensis, Cx. sacchettae and Cx. taeniopus as a curve increasing quickly during the first hours os the night and maintaining the same level until dawn. The other was shown by Cx. delpontei and Cx. ocossa, as a curve which increased gradually until midnight, and then decreased gradual by until dawn. Breeding places of Cx. delpontei were found in medium and large rivers with a covering of aquating floating vegetation, mainly Pistia. Considerations relating to those ecological aspects of epidemiological interest are made.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Frequency in human environment and dispersion of Culicidae mosquitoes in an area adjacent to a primitive Atlantic plain forest].

Results of peridomiciliary and forest environment mosquito catches are presented. By using the method single host, mosquitoes were identified according to blood-meal and thus their dispersal was observed. Evidence was obtained for movements of Aedes scapularis, due apparently were appetential flights, as well as its permanence in peridomiciliar resting places. Occurrence in domestic animal shelters was recorded for this species. Peridomiciliar human bait catches showed regular occurrence of Ae. scapularis, Anopheles bellator, An. cruzii and Culex sacchettae, but anophelines abandoned the human environment for the surrounding forest. Feeding index showed clearly a preference on the part of Ae. scapularis for bovine hosts. The peridomiciliar frequency of Cx. sacchettae suggests a domiciliary tendency. The influence of large domestic animals in the human environment surrounded by primitive Atlantic plain forests, on the domiciliation of the sylvatic mosquitoes, is emphasized.

Aedes↗
PubMed1990

[Shelters of mosquitoes Culex (Culex) in rural zones (Diptera: Culicidae)].

The human activities carried out in rural zones have been affecting the behavior of mosquitoes of the Culex (Culex) subgenera, which was the reason for undertaking this investigation with a view to registering data on the natural resting places in pastures and on the edge of or within primitive and residual forest areas. Three localities with different mesological conditions, as to type of human activity, all them situated in the Ribeira Valley region of S. Paulo State, Brazil, were chosen. The species most abundantly found were Cx. mollis (28.0%), Cx. declarator (25.0%), Cx. lygrus (13.0%) and Cx. coronator (9.6%). The collection of mosquitoes Cx. bidens + Cx. dolosus + Cx. chidesteri, known to be more urban, was much smaller than that of any other species of the group. With reference to outdoor environments, woodland contributed with 2,281 individuals (71.4%) suggesting their preference for this resting place, except for Cx. quinquefasciatus. Results are evaluated for the determination of the potential domicilation of each species and consequence of the same for the human population.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Food preferences and domiciliation of Culicidae mosquitoes in the Ribeira Valley, São Paulo, Brazil, with special reference to Aedes scapularis and Culex (Melanoconion)].

New results on blood-meal identification and the environmental distribution of mosquitoes collected in four different Ribeira Valley (S. Paulo State, Brazil) environments, during the period February to November 1986, are presented. Sources of 651 blood-meals were identified. The preference of Ae. scapularis for large mammals, chiefly cattle, horse and even man, was confirmed. Data suggests that a similar behavioral pattern is presented by Cx. ribeirensis. Both mosquitoes seem to be strongly attracted by peridomiciliar blood sources represented by domestic animals sheltered in that environment. Nevertheless, the female of Ae. scapularis females may use the extradomiciliary environment, represented by residual forests, as resting place in the same way as it uses the peridomiciliary one. The data confirm the clear tendency of both Ae. scapularis and Cx. ribeirensis to adapt to the man-made environment and thus the evolution towards domiciliation in the behavior of these mosquitoes. Other culicids, such as An. bellator, An. cruzii and Cq. chrysonotum, were collected practically only by the use of human bait. For An. cruzii the number of females collected by this method represented 31.6% of the female total collected during this project. Some data about other species are given, and the need for further researches about Culex (Melanoconion) species is emphasized.

Aedes↗
PubMed1989

[Adult Culicidae mosquitoes in the irrigated culture of rice in the Vale do Ribeira, State of São Paulo, Brazil].

A collection of adult Culicidae was carried out during the period from May 1984 to September 1985, in a rice field in the polder of the Experimental Station of Pariquera-Açú, in the Ribeira Valley (S. Paulo State, Brazil). CDC miniature traps, supplemented with dry ice, were used. A total of 2,686 mosquitoes were collected. The most frequent were the Coquillettidia and Mansonia genera (nearly 55% of the specimens caught). Aedes scapularis, as an isolated species, contributed with near by 11% of the total catch. Culex (Melanoconion) represented almost 24% of the mosquitoes caught. The sequence of events involved in the flooding of rice seems be associated with the production of Coquillettidia and Mansonia. Ae. scapularis seems to profit from the artificial ecotope represented by the irrigated rice field as a means by which to increase its adaptation to the artificial human environment. No evidence was obtained on the association between Culex (Melanoconion) catches and the cultivation of the rice field. It seems that cultivation exercises no influence on the local Anopheles and Psorophora species.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1988

Biting activity patterns of Culex (Melanoconion) ribeirensis in southern Brazil.

The biting activity of Culex ribeirensis was studied in the highland region of Southern Brazil and compared with data previously obtained in a lowland area of the same region. Hourly sampling with human bait showed a bimodal pattern, with a greater peak in the evening crepuscular period. Behavior was similar in both the highland area of Lupo Farm and the lowland of the Ribeira Valley but with a notable feature in the former. In relation to the vespertine crepuscular period, precrepuscular peaks were observed in the highland area. The adaptability of this species to man-made environments and its epidemiological significance are considered.

Animals↗