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Biomedical subjects

O Palacz

Publications and source records attributed to O Palacz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Electro-oculogram in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.

PURPOSE: The electro-oculogram (EOG) is a powerful test to evaluate the functional status of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Clinically detectable changes of the RPE desribed in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) patients include combined hamartoma of the retina/RPE and congenital hypertrophy of the RPE. The goal of this study was to determine whether the function of RPE as measured by EOG is also changed in individuals with NF-1. PATIENTS: Studies were undertaken in 20 patients with clinically diagnosed NF-1 and compared to 16 normal healthy controls. METHODS: Standard EOG and flash ERG recordings were performed in accordance with International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standards. RESULTS: In NF-1 patients the Arden indexes of the EOG test were significantly higher primarily due to the lower values of dark troughs. Supernormal EOGs were present in 60% of NF-1 patients in comparison to the control group mean +2 SD. No one patient showed so high abnormalities during flash ERG examination. CONCLUSIONS: Dysfunction of the RPE may be characteristic feature of individuals with NF- 1.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Negative-type flash electroretinogram].

The authors explain the entity of the negative-type flash electroretinogram (negative ERG), its morphology and origin. They also describe some retinal diseases and syndromes with this type of ERG. On the basis of the literature and own experiences the authors emphasize its diagnostic and prognostic value.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed2000

[Assessment of foveal function in eyes of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration before and after argon laser treatment].

PURPOSE: 1. Can foveal cone electroretinogram (FCERG) be a useful diagnostic test in evaluation of efficacy of argon laser treatment in eyes with exudative (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD)? 2. Comparison of FCERG with visual acuity, static perimetry and fluorescein angiography results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: FCERGs were recorded from 30 eyes with mean visual acuity 0.6 (Snellen Table) of 20 patients (mean age: 61 years) with wet AMD. The fovea was stimulated with 5-degree flickering light spot (f = 31.25 Hz), surrounded by a 20-degree annulus of intensive steady retinali illuminance. FCERGs were recorded and analysed in amplitude according to the computer-aided method recently put in practice in our laboratory. FCERGs were obtained twice for each AMD patients: before and 3 months after argon laser treatment. Electrophysiological data were also compared with the results of fluorescein angiography, visual acuity and static perimetry. RESULTS: In the group of patients with wet AMD, significant increase of FCERG amplitude (p < 0.001) after laser treatment was obtained in group I (33% of analysed eyes) and there were mainly patients with extrafoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Significant decrease of FCERG amplitude (p < 0.01) was obtained in group II (67% of analysed eyes). These were mainly patients with subfoveal CNV and also with extrafoveal CNV. In both groups after laser treatment we did not receive significant changes in visual acuity and macular perimetric mean sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that foveal cone ERG can be a useful, independent from fluorescein angiography, test for objective evaluation of efficacy of argon laser treatment in patients with wet AMD, opposite to visual acuity and static perimetry (macula threshold) examinations. FCERG probably indicates patients with better or worse prognosis.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1999

[Oscillatory potentials in electroretinographic evaluation of retinal function in insulin-dependent diabetics without retinopathy].

PURPOSE: Can oscillatory potentials be a useful method for detection of retinal dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetics without retinopathy? MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study scotopic oscillatory potentials (OPs) were obtained in 35 subjects (70 eyes) with insulin-dependent diabetes without retinopathy (mean disease duration--5 years) and in 15 healthy subjects (30 eyes). This examination was performed according to the recommendations of the International Society of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV). The oscillatory potentials were extracted from the maximal combined response by high-pass filtering. We analysed amplitude and peak-latencies of the first three electroretinographic oscillatory potentials O1, O2, O3, index of wavelets [sum of amplitudes (O1 + O2 + O3)] and compared with the results of the control group. RESULTS: In group of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes without retinopathy, we received statistically significant reduction of amplitude O1 (p < 0.003) and index of wavelets (p < 0.04). Reduced amplitude O1 was obtained in 10%, index of wavelets in 31.4% of analysed eyes. We didn't observe statistically significant changes in amplitudes O2, O3 and latencies O1, O2, O3. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that retinal dysfunction is present in insulin-dependent diabetics without retinopathy 5 years after onset of the disease. The sum of amplitudes (O1 + O2 + O3) was the most sensitive parameter of retinal abnormalities. It seems reasonable to have more frequent ophthalmological examination of the diabetics with abnormal oscillatory potentials.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Implantation of posterior chamber lenses with trans-scleral fixation].

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is the presentation of our experiences in implantations of posterior chamber lenses with transscleral fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surgery was performed in 66 patients (66 eyes) using modified technique described by Lindquist et al. Primary implantations were performed in 53% subjects, in the remaining secondary implantations. RESULTS: After surgery we achieved visual acuity improvement in 80.3%, good visual acuity (0.5-1.0) in 68.4% of subjects. The main postoperative complications were: deformation of the pupil and decompensation of corneal endothelium. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of posterior chamber lenses with transscleral fixation is preferable (alternatively for anterior chamber lenses) in young patients as well as in subjects with glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure, iris coloboma and corneal problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[The significance and interpretation of the electrophysiological and psychophysiological analyses in the diagnosis of glaucoma].

The goal of this paper is to discuss and indicate which electrophysiological and psychophysical tests are useful for diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma patients. In diagnosis of glaucoma, among electrophysiological methods, the authors perform mainly transient and steady-state pattern electroretinogram (PERG). Steady-state as well as transient PERG have the best sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of this disease even in its early stages. Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) are less sensitive and specific, that is why this examination is rare in practical use. The authors describe the method of PERG, discuss most frequent mistakes in the method and interpretation of the obtained results. Among psychophysical tests the authors emphasize the significance of short-wave-length perimetry (blue-on-yellow) and standard static perimetry in early diagnosis of glaucoma. On the basis of literature, the authors present also other psychophysical methods, which can be applied in diagnosis of glaucoma.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1998

[Ventilation using the laryngeal mask and intubation tube during general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery].

PURPOSE: The aim of the investigation was to compare efficacy of using for airway maintainance and controlled ventilation the laryngeal mask versus orotracheal intubation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried outs this examination in the group of 50 patient of both sex scheduled for elective operations in ophthalmic surgery. All participants were of I or II class of perioperative risk according to ASA scale. We tried to estimate efficacy of using laryngeal mask versus orotracheal intubation during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation. We examined capillary blood hemoglobin saturation, carbon dioxide pressure in end-tidal expired gas and peak inspiratory pressure while laryngeal mask or orotracheal tube was applied. RESULTS: We found no differences of clinical importance in both group of patients in the range of measured parameters. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ventilation with the laryngeal mask inserted is safe and effective providing that patients are carefully selected.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Foveal electroretinogram: its application in the diagnosis of macular diseases. Preliminary report].

PURPOSE: To present difficult method of recording and analysis of the Foveal Cone Electroretinogram (FCERG, a type of focal ERG) for evaluation of foveal cone function in healthy subjects and patients with different macular diseases. The FCERG signal is of great importance in diagnosis of these diseases because the full-field ERG is dominated by the extrafoveal cones activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study FCERGs were obtained in 90 healthy subjects (90 normal eyes), several with known macular diseases and subjects with optic neuritis and suspected maculopathy. The fovea was stimulated with a 5-degree flickering light spot surrounded by a 20-degree annulus of steady retinal illuminace. The stimulus was applied to the eye with the use of a hand-held stimulator-ophthalmoscope. FCERG signals were analysed by means of Fast Fourier Transformation method. RESULTS: Mean FCERG amplitudes, phase and standard deviation (SD) values were established in 3 control groups of different age. There was in decrease in amplitude of FCERGs with age, which is a agreement with literature data. In this study significant abnormalities of the FCERG recordings are illustrated in some cases of known macular diseases. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary clinical investigations manifest the value of the FCERGs in objective evaluations of macular diseases undetectable with conventional electroretinography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Midazolam administered orally as premedication in children in the ophthalmology department].

The aim of research was using midazolam for preoperational medication in children undergoing diagnostic and minor surgical procedures in ophthalmic surgery and estimation of its properties for deep sedation. We used midazolam in children of both sex, from 2 to 10 years of age. All the patients were considered as I or II grade of ASA scale of perioperational risk. Patients were given midazolam orally at dose 0.5 mg per kg of body weight. Sedation degree was assessed according to Addenbrooke's Hospital Scale of Sedation as well as to changes in systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure, pulse oximetry of capillary blood (SpO2) and heart rate (HR). Sedation in all children subjected to the trial was good and optimal conditions to perform the procedures were achieved. We found the level of sedation satisfactory and safe. Measurement of SAP, DAP, SpO2 and HR revealed stability of circulation in the whole perioperative period. We found the sedative properties of midazolam as excellent in the described range of age and useful for the diagnostics and surgery respectively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical examinations in Usher's syndrome].

In this paper we are showing the results of clinical examinations in the family in which three siblings had the following symptoms: congenital deafness and nyctalopia. Clinical examinations including genetic counseling, audiometry, caloric test, Flash ERG, perimetry, computer tomography revealed total deafness, no vestibular function, and an advanced stage of retinitis pigmentosa. On the basis of clinical results, we determined the correct diagnosis: autosomal recessive Usher's syndrome-type 1. Diagnosis of the syndrome enables qualification of prognosis, complications, possibility of treatment and the risk of having the disease in the next generations. Early identification of the presence of Usher's syndrome can help in the formulation of an appropriate educational and training program. It seems purposeful that all patients with hearing loss should be examined by ophthalmologists.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

[Electrophysiologic tests for diagnosis of congenital night blindness].

UNLABELLED: Electrophysiological study in diagnosis of congenital stationary night blindness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The goal of this study was to describe a family with X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) in which 3 brothers had similar symptoms: night blindness, reduced visual acuity and "negative" type of Flash ERG. RESULTS: Electrophysiological study permitted to differentiate CSNB from generalized progressive retinal degeneration, what has a prognostic value for these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma treatment--long term results of treatment].

The authors present the results of open-angle glaucoma treatment, in the cases where laser trabeculoplasty was the basic treatment. The follow-up of 53 treated patients (72 eyes) was approximately a little more than 3 years. The stabilization of the basic eye functions, i.e. the visual acuity in 76.4% and the visual field in 84.7% of the cases, was obtained. As a result of the treatment, a decrease of intraocular pressure below 21 mm Hg was obtained in 84.7% of the cases whereas the outflow facility factor c > 0.15 was observed in 72.2% of the examined eyes. The low outflow facility factor is one of the causes of the failures.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The UTAS-E1000 System in electrophysiological studies of the visual system. I. Characteristics of the system and its possibilities and equipment].

The paper presents the technical and medical characteristics of the computerized system UTAS-E1000 (made by LKC, USA) destined for the electrodiagnostics of the visual system. Discussed are the properties of the construction which decide on the possibility of automatization of electrodiagnostic tests and also personal experience on the development of the system in order to increase its scope of application.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness of laser therapy in retinal vein thrombosis].

The authors compared the results of treatment in a group of patients (1st group--20 persons) with a retinal vein thrombosis with a second group (24 persons--25 eyes) treated pharmacologically with a simultaneous laser photocoagulation performed by argon and crypton lasers. Improvement of the visual acuity in late observations was established in 40 per cent of eyes of the 1st group and in 64 per cent of the 2d group; worsening was observed in 55 per cent of eyes of the 1st group and in 8 per cent of the 2d group. The authors consider that an early applied laser photocoagulation is beneficial in the treatment of the retinal vein thrombosis and besides that pharmacological treatment coupled with laser photocoagulation gives much better results than the pharmacotherapy alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Glaucoma in children].

Epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of the infantile glaucoma are discussed. Presented is the particular symptomatology of: 1. glaucoma conditioned by isolated abnormalities of he Irido-corneal angle 2. glaucoma caused by an abnormal iride-corneal angle in the course of another developmental disturbances of the eye, 3. congenital glaucoma accompanying systemic diseases and 4. secondary glaucoma in children. Indications and methods of treatment of congenital glaucoma are also discussed with particular attention drawn to the results of surgical treatment.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma. Personal experience].

Twenty one patients (26 eyes) who were subjected to laser trabeculoplasty in the 360 degrees range were observed. Normalization of the intraocular pressure was obtained in 76.9 p.c. of cases. The outflow coefficient (C) increased after trabeculoplasty in 57.6 p.c. of cases. The analysis of results suggests that the trabeculoplasty surgery is less effective in young persons below 40 years of age and in cases with a very low outflow coefficient.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative studies in chronic ocular chalcosis].

Seven eyes containing a copper foreign body for a period from 8 months to 2.5 years were studied histopathologically. Foreign bodies, containing 99% copper, were in all eyes, encapsulated and located in the anterior vitreous. Characteristic features were: formation of foreign body granuloma, especially in later stages, marked fibroblastic proliferation in the vitreous with traction retinal detachment, choroidal effusion with fibrosis and foci of chronic nongranulomatous inflammation in cyclitic membranes, iris, ciliary body and sclera. Copper could be identified by rubeanic acid and rhodanine stainings in the fibrous capsule around foreign body in all eyes, in the lens capsule in one eye and in macrophages in the vitreous and retina in 2 eyes. In eyes with intravitreal haemorrhage macrophages contained also haemosiderin.

Adult↗