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Biomedical subjects

O Schaefer

Publications and source records attributed to O Schaefer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Comparative blood levels and metabolism of INH and an INH-matrix preparation in fast and slow inactivators.

Two groups of tuberculosis patients, phenotyped as either slow or fast inactivators of isoniazid, participated in a preliminary bioavailability study of a new INH-matrix preparation with sustained action. The absorption, excretion and metabolic patterns of the new form were compared with those of standard INH tablets in both sets of patients, using a crossover technique.The INH-matrix was more slowly absorbed by both slow and fast inctivators. When the latter were treated with 30 mg./kg. of the matrix formulation the blood levels attained were comparable with those observed in slow acetylators treated with 10 mg./kg. normal INH. Although this dose is three times that normally recommended with standard INH, blood levels remained within safe limits owing to the drug's slow release from the matrix.

Acetates↗
PubMed1972

Normalization effect of preceding protein meals on "diabetic" oral glucose tolerance in Eskimos.

Routine testing of 76 clinically non-diabetic Eskimos showed marked impairment of oral glucose tolerance in 54% but normal intravenous glucose tolerance in most of these.Total insulin output following the glucose drink was not found different in Eskimos with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance nor did lean meat meals given 60 minutes before the glucose significantly increase it.Intolerance to oral glucose loads appeared significantly related to a delay of insulin release and both timing of insulin response and shape of blood glucose curve normalized in the meat-preceded tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Inactivation of isoniazid by Canadian Eskimos and Indians.

Phenotyping for isoniazid inactivation in Canadian Eskimos and Indians showed that the former are all fast acetylators, while only 63.4% of the Indians examined belonged to the same group. Further studies are suggested to confirm this initial finding.During the investigation metabolic studies were carried out to devise a reliable urine test for phenotyping of isoniazid inactivators, to replace the fall-off technique which required venipunctures. The simplicity of the new urine test makes it suitable for mass examinations.

Canada↗
PubMed1971

Ethanol metabolism in various racial groups.

Eskimos and Indians, according to casual reports, take longer to sober up after an alcoholic debauch than do whites. We studied this apparent difference by administering ethanol to appropriate subjects and determining blood alcohol concentrations at intervals. We found the concentrations fell significantly faster in whites. Neither previous experience of alcohol nor general diet appeared to account for this difference, leaving genetic factors as the indicated cause.

Adult↗
PubMed1970

Pre- and post-natal growth acceleration and increased sugar consumption in Canadian Eskimos.

A striking increase in birth weights and height measurements in children of Canadian Eskimos was observed in recent years.The growth acceleration seen to varying degrees in different Eskimo groups appears most closely to parallel the increase in the per capita annual sugar consumption which has more than quadrupled during the last decade in some trading areas of the Canadian Central and Eastern Arctic, while the per capita consumption of protein derived from animal sources shows a reverse relationship.Canadian Eskimos do, therefore, contrary to what is stated in earlier publications, conform to the general secular growth acceleration patterns observed in all populations coming under the influence of modern civilization. They do not, however, conform to the commonly held explanation for this acceleration, namely increased consumption of high-quality proteins, since their traditionally extremely high consumption of meat and fish decreased markedly during the same period.Our observations confirm the relation of growth acceleration and consumption of sugar first established by the Swiss pediatrician, Eugen Ziegler. A hypothesis first advanced by Ziegler is elaborated to link this growth acceleration, in particular the extraordinary increase in birth weight, to "pseudo-diabetic" oral glucose tolerance patterns described previously by the author in a large proportion of Eskimos.

Adolescent↗