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Biomedical subjects

O Schubiger

Publications and source records attributed to O Schubiger.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Metastases to the pituitary--hypothalamic axis. An MR study of 7 symptomatic patients.

Seven patients with metastatic tumour in the pituitary-hypothalamic axis were investigated by MRI. The main clinical problems were diabetes insipidus (5 cases) and general pituitary dysfunction (2 cases). No patient had visual or oculomotor symptoms. In 6 of the 7 patients the primary malignant tumour was known, but no patient had symptoms from the primary tumour; 1 had symptoms from metastases in locations other than the pituitary gland. In one patient no primary tumour was known. MR detection of a second, clinically silent, 5 mm lesion in the posterior cranial fossa initiated the search for primary tumour. MRI showed purely suprasellar tumours in 3 patients and intra- and suprasellar tumours in 4. The latter were dumbbell lesions with only a small bridge of tissue connecting the intra- und suprasellar portions. Six of the 7 suprasellar tumours seemed to be in the infundibular recess of the third ventricle; in 5 the infundibulum was visible as an enhancing linear structure at the postero-inferior border of the tumour. The pituitary fossa was normal in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Neuroradiology of central neurocytoma.

Central neurocytomas (CN) are rare, usually benign cerebral intraventricular neuroepithelial tumors, which occur in adult patients. Retrospective evaluation of the CT- and MRI-findings in eight cases as well as review of the cases reported in the literature showed that CN usually presents as a primarily slightly hyperdense and/or hyperintense mass within the body of the lateral ventricle with moderate contrast enhancement. The majority of tumors contain both multiple small cysts and calcifications and exhibit a characteristic broad based attachment to the superolateral ventricular wall. We conclude that these criteria appear to be reliable to exclude other intraventricular tumors such as astrocytoma, giant cell astrocytoma, ependymoma, subependymoma, intraventricular oligodendroglioma and meningioma. Preoperative diagnosis of CN may prove of value for planning therapy, because this tumor type seems to have a better prognosis than other intraventricular tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The collateral circulation due to cerebral arterio-venous malformation and occlusions of major cranial vessels (author's transl)].

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain are diagnosed mostly in the early adult life. With the come up of Computerized Tomography (CT) which often is done without the strong indications as postulated for the conventional neuroradiologic examinations, asymptomatic AVM in the elderly population may be found. Since May 1977 4 asymptomatic arteriovenous malformations were diagnosed in our institution using CT. 2 of these patients had severe degenerative changes of the great cerebral vessels and an unusual collateral circulation developed probably because of the steal-phenomenon in the vascular malformation. These 2 cases allow to study all possibilities of cerebral collateral circulation. Uncommon in one of the cases was a capillary anastomotic network through the thalami, in the other case an extensive dural rete mirabile developed. The problems of collateral circulation are discussed.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Cerebral toxoplasmosis in the adult.

We report a case of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an adult patient. The diagnosis was established by demonstration of Toxoplasma gondii in the cerebrospinal fluid, and the patient was evaluated by computed tomography.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cerebral granulomatous angiitis simulating brain tumor.

A case of surgically verified cerebral granulomatous angiitis, which was mistaken for a brain tumor on computed tomography, is reported. The focal, enhancing lesion was due to multiple confluent infarction caused by the angiitic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Subdural interhemispheric empyema in a 7-year-old boy.

Subdural interhemispheric empyema was diagnosed by angiography and computerized tomography (CT) in a 7-year-old boy suffering from acute left hemiparesis. After neurosurgical intervention his condition improved. Peptostreptococcus intermedius was cultured from the empyema. One year after hospitalisation the boy is in good condition. The importance of the CT-scanning for diagnosis and management of brain abscess or empyema is stressed.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography for small acoustic neuromas.

The minimal size of acoustic neuromas detectable by computered tomography (CT) is, according to the available literature, 1.5 to 2 cm. The new otoneurosurgical technic using the transtemporal and translabyrinthine approach necessitates an early diagnosis of neuromas protruding 1 cm or less into the cerebellopontine angle cistern. This seemed impossible with the available CT equipment. Eight proven acoustic neuromas 1 cm or less in diameter, detected with CT, are reported. Diagnostic criteria are elaborated. The study shows that small cerebellopontine angle tumors can be detected by use of CT machines of the newer generation which perform scanning with thin and overlapping slices.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Extracranial vertebral aneurysm with neurofibromatosis.

With neurofibromatosis neuromas of the cranial and cervical nerves are common findings and meningiomas and ependymonas appear more often than in the average population. Vascular manifestations of the disease are also commonly known in the renal and gastrointestinal vessels but rarely in the large cerebral arteries. The case of a 50 year old man with neurofibromatosis and a vertebral aneurysm is reported. The plain X-ray of the cervical spine and the Pantopaque myelogram were compatible with a cervical neuroma and the patient was operated but a large aneurysm of the vertebral artery was found. The operation was discontinued and vertebral angiography was performed revealing a large saccular aneurysm which war excised. This aneurysm is most probably a manifestation of vascular disease with neurofibromatosis.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1978

Cerebrovascular Doppler examination and cerebral angiography--alternative or complementary?

Obstructions in the extracranial cerebral arteries can be detected noninvasively by directional Doppler ultrasound technique using 'indirect' and 'direct' criteria. The indirect criteria are based on measurement of flow in the common carotid and in the terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery before and after the common carotid artery and branches of the external carotid artery are compressed. With the direct criteria, internal and external carotid artery are differentiated by diastolic flow, and local inhomogenetics of flow (turbulence) are detected. Flow in the vertebral artery is picked up transorally in the oropharynx. The Doppler examination was used in 2230 patients of whom 436 underwent angiography. The results of Doppler and angiography correlated in more than 90% of the cases.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of acoustic neuromas with emphasis on small tumor detectability.

The results of CT analysis of 41 acoustic neuromas are presented. Large and medium-sized tumors are easily detected: our results are comparable to the reported findings of other authors. The detectability of small acoustic neuromas is considerably improved by the application of newer-generation CT apparatus and the use of specific scanning parameters, including extremely thin overlapping slices, low scan speed, high gantry tilt, short time between contrast agent application and tumor scanning, and computer-assisted magnification of the posterior fossa.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Radiological studies in otology].

Skull X-rays with special projections, particularly tomography of the temporal bone, are very helpful procedures in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the temporal bone. Tomography serves to delineate the size and distribution of tumors in the middle or inner ear. Furthermore, in fractures of the temporal bone the fracture line can be seen throughout the entire osseous structure. Special projections are reported for tomography of the temporal bone, with special emphasis on the indications for such procedures. Meatocisternography, a study in which the internal auditory canal is filled with contrast medium, shows defects caused by neurinomas. Indications for angiography (carotid or vertebral) are large neurinomas penetrating the posterior fossa or other tumors of the inner or middle ear, i.e. chemodectomas. A chemodectoma of the jugular bulb can also be demonstrated by jugular venography.

Carotid Arteries↗