[Accidents in childhood: first aid statistics].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O Sernia.
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The authors present three different cases of histiocytosis X: the eosinophilic granuloma, the Hand-Schuller-Christian syndrome and the Letterer-Siwe syndrome. As it appears in the main articles concerning this argument, the Aa. emphasize the common features belonging to the three different forms of histiocytosis: the involvement of the bones and of other tissues. Moreover the prognosis is defined as good in the first case, uncertain in the second case and severe in the third.
Three patients with transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy are described and compared to other 79 cases reported in literature. Etiopathogenesis is discussed and the good prognosis of this condition is emphasized.
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The AA. report a typical case of methemoglobinemia from carrot soup ingestion in an infant. In the discussion they point out: first, clinical findings for diagnosis of methemoglobinemia; second, criteria for an etiological diagnosis; third, they analyse the pathogenesis of methemoglobinemia resulting from carrot soup in infants. At last the AA. briefly indicate how to prevent and treat this complication.
In the first part the authors report a nosological review of the obstructions of the bladder neck and urethra in childhood and present the most typical radiological aspects of the most important obstructive uropathies. In the second part they illustrate their cases, that include 11 patients between 0 and 10 years, of which 4 males, with urethral valves; 2 females, with external urethral meatus stenosis; 1 male, with non valvular stenosis of urethra: 2 one male and one female, with extrinsic obstruction by ectopic ureterocele; and 2 females, with neurologic bladder. The authors point out the cases with obstruction by posterior urethral valves and by ectopic ureterocele, mainly for the severe hydrodynamic effects of low obstruction on bladder, ureters and pelvis; the authors present, in some cases, also later radiological examinations, obtained after surgical removal of the obstruction. The two cases of neurological bladder are presented in order to point out the difficulty of an exclusively radiological differential diagnosis between some cases of true mechanical obstruction and obstruction caused by neuromuscular disorder of low urinary tract. At last the Authors confirm again the usefulness, but also the limits, of the radiological examination alone in diagnosis of the obstructions of bladder neck and urethra in childhood.
220 jejunal biopsies have been performed in 146 children. Out of these, thirteen have been recognized as suffering from celiac disease. Furthermore, the possibility of celiac disease being associated with other gastrointestinal disorders, either of the stomach or of the sigma and rectum has been considered. Any explanation for this association can only be hypothetical, because the pathogenesis of celiac disease needs further study.
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