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Biomedical subjects

O Skogedal

Publications and source records attributed to O Skogedal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

The rate of cervical abrasion in dental students.

Abrasion of the cervical region of teeth has been attributed to mechanical cleaning procedures using dentisfrices containing abrasives of various kinds. In the present study the loss of substance during a 26 month period in the cervical region of the upper left premolars of dental students was measured directly by means of a micrometer. The average rate of abrasion was found to be 0.2 micro per day. No difference was observed between the group using a "non-abrasive" dentifrice and that employing a conventional paste. The risk associated with pulp exposure under the conditions observed is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Public opinions on dentists in Norway.

Interviews on the dentist-patient relationship were carried out among 1,221 persons representing the dentulous part of the Norwegian population aged 15 and over. Two thirds of the interviewees said that their dentists explained the treatment plan, and of these, every second interviewee received reasons for the treatment. One third said they discussed different treatment alternatives with the dentist. One third of the respondents said that the dentist had urged them to clean their teeth thoroughly and to use fluoride. Inly a minority thought that the dentist had sought to influence their dietary habits. When asked to give priority to alternative characteristics and qualities of dentists, accuracy and professional skills were those ranked the highest. Carefulness, willingness to listen and to discuss dental problems, and finally effective working habits were the qualities ranked thereafter. Out of the sample, 96% thought that their dentist did very good or good work, and 82% wanted to choose their own dentist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pulpal response to dental amalgams.

The pulpal reactions to amalgams with relatively high Cu content were compared with a conventional amalgam placed in unlined cavities prepared in intact monkey teeth. After a 1-week observation period the pulpal responses from one of the Cu-containing amalgams and the conventional amalgam were of the same magnitude, whereas the two other amalgams gave more pronounced reactions. After observation periods of 1 and 2 months only one of the amalgams with high Cu content caused more pronounced reactions than the conventional amalgam.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Clinical quality of amalgam restorations.

The clinical quality of 203 mesio-occlusal Class II and 127 buccal Class V restorations of 246 persons aged 25 years were studied. One third of the amalgam restorations were considered to be unacceptable. Marginal overhang was the prevailing type of failure (17%), recurrent caries occurred at 12% of the restorations, unacceptable proximal contact at 10%, unacceptable marginal adaptation at 8% and isthmus fractures at 2%.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern in normal and inflamed human dental pulp.

Enzyme variants may serve an adaptive role in providing the correct vectorial properties for the metabolism of a tissue, or broadening its environmental tolerance range. To determine if the LDH isoenzyme pattern of human dental pulp changes during inflammation, supernatants from normal and inflamed dental pulp homogenates were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Inflamed pulps had a higher M subunit content and a markedly increased enzyme activity. These results might reflect adaptive changes at the enzyme level associated with a partial shift towards anaerobic metabolism during inflammation of the pulp.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Biologic evaluation of filling materials. A comparison of results using cell culture techniques, implantation tests and pulp studies.

The paper presents a comparison of results from cell culture studies, implantation tests and pulp studies using silicate cement, composite material and zinc oxide/eugenol cement. The three techniques allow differentiation between reactions produced by the materials, but a poor correlation exists between the results from the different techniques. This information is considered important for a selection of techniques for biologic testing of dental materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

An attempt to correlate dentin and pulp changes in human carious teeth.

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the dentin and pulp changes in the two halves of bisected carious teeth in order to determine if they are comparable. The dentin was studied by means of contact microradiography. Hypo- and hypermineralized zones, which were fairly similar in extension and degree of mineralization, were seen in the primary dentin of both halves of the teeth. If secondary dentin had formed, comparable amounts were usually present in the two halves. The pulp was studied, using demineralized 5 mum thick paraffin serial sections. In teeth with deep carious lesions severe inflammation with abscess formation was often observed in one half, whereas only scattered inflammatory cells were present in the other half. It seems questionable, therefore, whether the study of dentin and pulp reactions to caries in different halves of bisected teeth is a suitable method in investigations concerning a possible correlation between these reactions.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1977

Pilot study on dental erosion in a Norwegian electrolytic zinc factory.

In 12 workers in a Norwegian factory using electrolytic methods to extract zinc, a relationship was found to exist between degree of erosion, number of teeth affected and the length of service. The prevalence of caries, abrasion and attrition was not higher than in comparable population groups. The correlation between diagnosis of erosion based on clinical examination, and diagnosis based on evaluation of color slides was good.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pulp reactions to silicate cement in teeth with healing pulpitis.

Unlined silicate restorations were placed in intact and experimentally altered monkey, teeth. Pulpitis had been induced experimentally by sealing soft carious human dentin in Class V cavities with amalgam for 7 d. These fillings were then removed and healing allowed by inserting zinc oxide/eugenol cement. A protective effect of the secondary dentin in teeth with healing pulpitis could be demonstrated in short-term experiments. After a 1-month observation period no difference in response to silicate cement could be found between intact and experimentally altered pulps, both groups exhibiting no or slight pulp reactions and secondary dentin formations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Biologic assessment of copper-containing amalgams.

In order to reduce creep and avoid marginal fractures in amalgam restorations, new alloys containing higher proportions of copper have been introduced. Fillings of these materials were placed in cavities prepared in the deciduous teeth of monkeys or placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted subcutaneously in rats. Conventional silver/tin alloys and zinc oxide eugenol cement were used as reference materials. Despite limitations due to the varying depths of cavities and the small number of animals involved it was concluded that the high copper alloys caused more severe pulp damage than the other materials studied. In the implantation studies many of the high copper specimens were exfoliated before the end of the experimental period. It is concluded that in deep cavities these materials require the use of a non-toxic base or lining material although as they are commonly used in young children's teeth the placement of linings and the isolation of the cavity pose problems.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effect of composite resin restorations in monkeys teeth with experimentally induced pulpitis.

The short- and long-term pulpal reactions to composite resin restorations using differenct cavity lining materials have been assessed in monkey teeth with experimentally induced pulpitis. The inflammation was induced by filling cavities with soft human carious dentin and amalgam for 1 week. Healing of the inflammation and formation of reparative dentin was generally found independent of the lining materials used. The long-term response to cavities restored with carious dentin and amalgam was also healing of the primarily induced pulpal inflammation in most instances.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pulpal reactions to surface-sealed silicate cement and composite resin restorations.

The effect of surface sealing and presence of bacteria in connection with pulpal response to silicate cement and composite resin restorations was tested in monkey teeth. Surface-sealing of silicates reduced the pulpal reactions to this material, whereas no such effect was observed when composites were sealed. Bacteria regularly occurred on the cavity walls except underneath zinc oxide/eugenol (ZOE) fillings and when silicates were sealed with ZOE. The frequency of bacteria was higher in teeth with unacceptable pulpal responses (44 of 49) than in teeth with acceptable reactions (48 of 79).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Classification of written examinations in dental education in Norway according to educational aims.

The purpose of the present study was to assess to what extent retention of factual knowledge or higher cognitive abilities, such as analytical/critical evaluation, were required by the students in the written examinations in clinical departments of dental schools in Norway in 1973-1975. A modified version of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives was used to classify the examination questions. Most of the questions were covered by the teaching program and concerned factural knowledge. When clinical examinations included a complete patient history and/or radiographs, judgment of the available information was demanded from the students. A great number of minor questions usually represented a lower taxonomic level than the use of a few essay questions.

Cognition↗