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O Sodeinde

Publications and source records attributed to O Sodeinde.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Duodenal intubation and aspiration test: utility in the differential diagnosis of infantile cholestasis.

A prospective study involving 27 infants with cholestatic jaundice was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the 24-h duodenal drainage test. Extrahepatic cholestasis was confirmed by either exploratory laparotomy or autopsy in 12 of 13 cases without bile drainage, with only one false-positive result. The sensitivity of this test for extrahepatic cholestasis was 100% while the accuracy and specificity were 96.3 and 93.3%, respectively. The corresponding sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity for liver biopsy in patients with extrahepatic cholestasis were 83.3, 92.6, and 100%, respectively. It is concluded that the duodenal drainage test is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive procedure with high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of infantile cholestasis.

Cholestasis, Extrahepatic↗
PubMed1990

Continuous in-vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum in Ibadan: solutions to scientific and logistical problems.

The technique of continuous in-vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum has not been widely applied in malaria-endemic areas, due to scientific as well as purely logistical problems. Methods for solving or coping with these problems are described. They have already proved effective for over 4 years. The parasites harvested have been satisfactory, as judged by reproducible logarithmic growth curves and normal morphology in Leishman-stained smears as well as phase-contrast microscopy of wet-preparations. They have also been successfully used as antigen sources in the malarial fluorescent-antibody test and to investigate enhanced platelet aggregation in experimental malaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the relative in vitro activity of chloroquine and amodiaquine against chloroquine-sensitive strains of P. falciparum.

The activities of chloroquine and amodiaquine against a sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum found in children in Ibadan were compared using an in vitro technique. The criterion for drug activity was the inhibition of maturation of the parasites. Three sets of experiments were performed with each of the two drugs. The minimum concentration of chloroquine causing 90% inhibition of maturation was 25 nmol as compared with 12 nmol for amodiaquine. This suggests a two-fold increase in activity of amodiaquine when compared with chloroquine against sensitive strains of P. falciparum. The implication is that amodiaquine is a much more potent tool in malaria chemotherapy than the erstwhile overused chloroquine.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed1987

Platelet reactions after interaction with cultured Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes.

An in vitro model for studying the interaction between normal human platelets and Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in culture is described. After the interaction, changes in platelet function such as enhanced aggregation response to exogenous ADP and increased secretion of dense granule contents were reproduced. Some of these responses represented manifestations of platelet hypersensitivity described earlier in acute malaria infections in man and mice. Preliminary investigations of the mechanisms involved in such reactions revealed that ADP and thromboxane A2 mechanisms contributed about 79% and 18.5% of the enhanced aggregation response to exogenous stimuli in the system.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1984

The sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and amodiaquine in Ibadan, Nigeria.

An extended in vivo test of the sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs in Nigerian children showed no evidence of resistance to chloroquine and amodiaquine. However, the results of a small number of in vitro tests suggest a decreased sensitivity of the parasite to chloroquine when compared with the results of earlier studies in the same locality.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed1983

Genetic variation in the host and adaptive phenomena in Plasmodium falciparum infection.

The in vitro culture of Plasmodium falciparum, after synchronization, lends itself well to an analysis of the asexual schizogonic cycle. We have found in this system that DNA synthesis and RNA synthesis are associated mainly with the trophozoite stage, with the latter peaking slightly ahead of the former. Distinctive patterns of protein synthesis are seen at serial times along the cycle, with a number of 'stage-specific' bands identifiable on SDS gels. The fate of the infection can be influenced by the genotype of the host cell. Thus, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient erythrocytes are invaded normally, but maturation of intracellular parasites is delayed and impaired. However, the parasites that do develop will then have a normal behaviour in their next rounds in G6PD-deficient cells, suggesting that an adaptive change has taken place. These results fit well with the relative protection against P. falciparum in vivo of girls heterozygous for G6PD deficiency but not of hemizygous G6PD-deficient boys.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and sickle cell anemia: frequency and features of the association in an African community.

The glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) genotype was determined in 100 male patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia (SS) by a combination of quantitative assay, cytochemical testing, and starch-gel electrophoresis. Of the 100 patients tested, 16 were found to be G6PD deficient (GdA-), AND 84 G6PD normal (22GsA and 62 GdB). This distribution of G6PD genotypes did not differ significantly from that observed in the general population. The level of G6PD activity in GdA- SS patients was nearly always higher than in G6PD-deficient subjects who did not have an associated hemolytic state, but it was nearly always lower than in G6PD-normal subjects. The clinical course of sickle cell disease, including the degree of anemia, was not milder in GdA- than in G6PD-normal patients but could not be proved to be significantly more severe. It was concluded that in this community the incidence of G6PD deficiency in sickle cell anemia was not greater than would be expected by chance, and there was no evidence that the coexistence of the GdA- gene in SS patients ameliorated their disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperventilation-precipitated cerebrovascular accident in a patient with sickle cell anaemia.

Hyperventilation exercise during electroencephalography precipitated a recurrence of right hemiplegia and aphasia in a patient with Hb SS disease. Although recovery of function started within hours of the event, full recovery has not occurred six months after. Hyperventilation provocative test during electroencephalography should be discouraged in patients with sickle cell anaemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic card test for Plasmodium falciparum in Ibadan, Nigeria.

This short report describes the results of a rapid, simple and cost effective immunodiagnostic test for malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of 77% patients presenting at the children outpatient clinic, University College Hospital with malaria symptoms were screened for malaria parasites by microscopy using Giemsa stain and by the immunochromatographic card test. The immunodiagnostic test had a sensitivity of 93.1% and a specificity of 95.8%, making a good alternative for malaria diagnosis especially in rural areas without electricity, where microscopy is not possible, and a decision is to be made on when to start treatment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ectopia cordis in a Nigerian child.

A female infant is described with a complete ectopia cordis and a single atrium who presented four hours after birth. There was complete deficiency of the sternum with the absence of pericardium over the heart. There was an associated omphalocele containing an enlarged liver. The infant died 45 hours after birth following an attempt to provide tissue covering. Additional intracardiac anomalies included a ventricular septal defect overriding aorta and total anomalous venous drainage.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗