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Biomedical subjects

O Stadelmann

Publications and source records attributed to O Stadelmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Evaluation and documentation of tomographic images and further data using the Apple-Macintosh PC].

Use of the personal microcomputer for the analysis of clinical cardial PET studies acquired at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Villigen, Switzerland. At present this is the only PET facility in Switzerland. As the local computers were not usually available for image analysis, it was necessary to find a convenient way to visualize and analyze the PET images in our department in the Cantonal Hospital, Aarau (distance to Villigen some 30 km). The personal microcomputer is, as other authors have already shown, in fact capable of handling the acquired images (128 by 128 pixels) easily. We use a Macintosh IIcx (16 MHz Motorola 68030 CPU) as image analysis workstation. In spring 1990 we implemented a software which could read the original Siemens matrix file directly into the Macintosh PC. As the handling of this software was somewhat clumsy, we now use a very powerful software ("Explorer", UCLA), which is specially designed for PET analysis. Analysis of PET data on the personal computer saves both time and money as we are able to use a standard PC periphery, which is less expensive than specially designed medical units.

Heart↗
PubMed1989

Study on the stability of the calibration and normalization in PET and the influence of drifts on the accuracy of quantification.

With regard to the quality control of quantification in positron emission tomography some characteristics were examined, to develop a simple method for frequent monitoring. The stability and uniformity of the detector count rate was checked by plotting the RMS deviation of the non normalized count rate and the standard deviation of the normalized count rate, each normalized to its value after the calibration or normalization respectively. Switching off a single detector did not impair the image quality, but the normalized image pixel counts were reduced by 2%-3% when a detector block was switched off. Thus in case of need, a weak detector can still be used to perform a scan. A reduced count rate capability at specific activities above 5 x 10(4) Bq/ml (approximately 1.5 x 10(5) corrected true system counts/s or approximately 1.5 x 10(4)/s for a plane) was found compared to the maximum usable activity of 8 x 10(4) Bq/ml obtained 1 year earlier, indicating a drift in the count loss corrections. A variation of the room temperature changes the temperature distribution inside the gantry by 5% per degree C and the drift of the sensitivity (normalized image pixel counts) is 2% per degree C.

Temperature↗
PubMed1983

Phlegmonous gastritis after Indian ink marking.

A report is presented on a case of phlegmonous gastritis following gastroscopic Indian ink injection into the mucosa of the stomach in a 60-year-old woman patient wih early gastric carcinoma. The patient was discharged from hospital on the 11th day after Billroth II resection, in good condition. The necessity for disinfection and sterilization of the instruments employed is emphasized; the continued use of Indian ink marking is recommended.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of duodenal ulcer with synthetic depot secretin - a double-blind study].

63 inpatients with duodenal ulcer disease were treated with either depot-secretin or placebo. Two different secretin-regimens were used. In group I 18 patients were given secretin twice daily. 11 ulcers from a total of 19 ulcers healed within 3 weeks. In group II 23 patients were given secretin once daily. 21 out of 28 ulcers healed within 3 weeks. In the placebo-treated group 24 ulcers were observed in 22 patients. Of these 15 healed within 3 weeks. There was no statistical difference in the healing rate between the 3 groups. However, depot-secretin significantly improved typical symptoms. Analgetics were used less frequently. Serious side effects did not occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Esophageal reflux disease].

Esophagitis caused by reflux is one of the most frequent diseases diagnosed by endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Reflux may be physiological. The main pathological conditions causing reflux are the hiatus hernias and sequelae of surgical procedures. Esophagitis occurs exclusively in the layer of stratified epithelium. In early stages it presents as white stripes of erosion with a typical red frame or as a peptic lesion. The colors red or white are dependent upon depth of the process, coating and stage of healing. Pathogenesis, various forms of manifestation, and complications of the reflux disease can be understood if one knows about mucosal metaplasias which may occur. This metaplastic process involves replacement of areas of stratified epithelium by cylindrical epithelium. Peptic stenosis located highly in the esophagus usually indicates a distal segment of cylindrical epithelium. The so called endobrachyesophagus (Barrett esophagus) occurs in rare cases congenitally - it can be also found after complete healing of the esophagitis without any signs of inflammation or stenosis. Therefore it seems appropriate to introduce an additional classification for the Barrett esophagus (E0, EI-IV). The reflux disease is clinically important because of its tenacious clinical symptomatology and its complications. Endobrachyesophagus has been recognized as a precancerous condition and should be controlled regularly.

Barrett Esophagus↗
PubMed1981

[Hemorrhages from the pancreatic duct system: a severe complication in pancreatic diseases].

The incidence of hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract associated with formation of pancreatic pseudocysts or cystadenoma are very rare. When it does occur, it is almost always fatal. Two of our patients had intermittent episodes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage with severe anemia. After ERCP we performed subtotal resection of the pancreas in one case and total pancreatectomy in the other. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. Within the last 2 years no episodes of hemorrhage were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Columnar-lined oesophagus (Barrett's syndrome) - congenital or acquired?

A segment of the distal oesophagus lined with columnar epithelium (endobrachy oesophagus, Barrett's oesophagus), is very frequently seen in association with chronic reflux conditions. Usually, this entity is an asymmetrical columnar-cell metaplasia of varying extent, with an unsharp epithelial junction line cranial, and showing various large residual islands of squamous epithelium. In addition, usually well-developed peptic lesions are also found. More rarely seen are cases with a longer, symmetrical, cranially sharply delimited columnar-epithelial-lined segment, in which peptic lesions and strictures are usually either restricted to the proximal section, or are lacking altogether. Among more than 100 patients presenting with endobrachy-oesophagus, 14 cases had the latter form of the condition. Seven had a solitary, high peptic stricture, and only 50% unequivocal hiatus hernia. In four patients there were no inflammatory changes at all. In 8 patients, fundic glands were observed. Of particular interest was the segment-like arrangement of cardiac and fundic glands in 2 of the patients. In only a single case were scar formations seen in the columnar-lined segment. Considered from the point of view of our embryological knowledge, certain forms of endobrachy-oesophagus would appear to represent a congenital anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Indications and early results].

A report is given on 28 resections on patients with chronic pancreatitis with a high frequency of severe destructive lesions in the head of the pancreas. Pseudocysts, single, multiple or extrapancreatic were present in almost 50%. Strictures of the Ductus Wirsungianus were found in 24 cases and 50% had multiple pancreatic stones. In these cases 12 partial and 9 total duodenopancreatectomies and 7 distal resections were performed. All patients with distal resections survived. Only one patient died in the group with partial and total duodenopancreatectomy, which accounts for a postoperative letality of 4.8%. Postoperative there were 4 reoccurrences of pancreatitis, due to further alcohol abusus, 1 patient died from alcohol intoxication. Patients with total seemed to do better than with partial pancreatectomy at a survey 18 months after operation.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

[Endoscopy of the resected stomach (author's transl)].

Endoscopy of the resected stomach is indicated in the presence of all types of symptoms affecting the stomach, in gastrointestinal bleeding, and within the framework of prophylactic screening and follow-up examinations for cancer detection. Frequent findings are peptic ulcers, suture granulomas, and reflux esophagitis. Carcinomas in the stump develop increasingly from the 10th to 15th postoperative years. In the resected stomach, the pylorocardial expansion type of gastritis predominates. Atrophy is not an obligatory finding. Foveolar hyperplasia is typical, predominantly in the region of the anastomosis.

Esophagitis, Peptic↗
PubMed1975

[Determination of chymotrypsin in the stool by succinyl-L-phenylalanin-P-nitraniliden (Suphepa) in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases (author's transl)].

A specific substrate (Suphepa), which is well known in duodenal chymotrypsin determination (pancreozymin-secretin-test), is also suitable for the enzyme determination in stools from patients suspected of having a pancreas insufficiency of exocrine nature. The median value of 353 fecal chymotrypsin determination of 180 normal persons was 137 mug/g of native stool. There is a good correlation in comparing the fecal with the duodenal chymotrypsin: Out of 30 comparable patients, 10 patients had pathological values for the duodenal and fecal chymotrypsin determinations, whereas 18 patients had normal values. According to the results of the pancreozymin-secretin-test, false normal stool results were recorded for two patients. No false positive stool values were recorded for the comparative collective. The great accuracy, the modest instrumental expense and the negligible inconvenience for the patient are good in line with the requirements for a screening test.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Antral morphology and serum-gastrin levels in achlorhydria].

38 patients were found to have achlorhydria after maximal stimulation with pentagastrin and on multiple biopsies (atrophy of gastric mucosa). It was demonstrated that the sequence pH-antroreceptors-G cells-parietal cells-pH antroreceptors was interrupted already in mild or moderately severe superficial gastritis of the antral mucosa involving more than half of the antral surface. Reduction of specific functional epithelium is unlikely in this form of inflammation so that it is probably an effect of the pH receptors.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1975

[The valve of selective retrograde cholangiography in the radiological diagnosis of diseases of the biliary passages(author's transl)].

The value of selective endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in the radiological diagnosis of diseases of the biliary passages and neighbouring organs is discussed on the basis of 400 retrograde pancreatocholangiograms. The results of this endoscopic examination were compared with the findings of all the other preoperative examinations carried out. The diagnostic usefulness and limitations of various methods are discussed in relation to stenosis of the papilla, pancreatitis, carcinoma of the pancreas, tumours of the extrahepatic bile ducts and postoperative bile duct abnormalities. The diagnostic accuracy of 97% emphasises the value of co-operation between radiologists and endoscopists.

Adult↗