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Biomedical subjects

O Takatani

Publications and source records attributed to O Takatani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

A novel intracellular antigen in HL-60 cells that changes in molecular weight after granulocytic and monocytic differentiation.

The present study reports the identification and partial characterization of a novel antigen with M(r) 100,000 by a monoclonal antibody (D29A8) that was obtained by immunizing BALB/c mice with nuclei of HL-60 cells. D29A8 detected mainly a nucleolar macromolecule with M(r) 100,000 (p100). On the other hand, when HL-60 cells were induced to differentiate either into a granulocytic or monocytic pathway, the antibody detected mainly a cytoplasmic macromolecule with M(r) 95,000 (p95). Since two subtypes of the antigen (p100 and p95) appear to be present in the same cells that differ in the stage of cell differentiation, the antigen may play an important role in cellular differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of chemotherapy with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate for advanced or recurrent breast cancer.

The usefulness of CAF [cyclophosphamide (CPA)/doxorubicin (ADR)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy for advanced/recurrent breast cancer was studied in a randomised trial at 56 institutions. Patients received CAF therapy [CPA: 100 mg, orally, days 1-14; ADR: 30 mg/m2, intravenously (i.v.), days 1 and 8; 5-FU: 500 mg/m2, i.v., days 1 and 8) in arm I, or CAF + MPA therapy (CAF + MPA 1200 mg, daily) in arm II. The response rate was significantly higher (P = 0.041) in arm II (53.5%, 46/86) than arm I (36.6%, 30/82). The response rate by tumour site was significantly higher for lymph node and bone lesions in arm II. Partial response duration and overall response duration were significantly longer in arm II. Incidences of anorexia and nausea/vomiting were significantly higher in arm I but in arm II, moon face, oedema and vaginal bleeding were significantly higher. Many patients in arm II demonstrated improvement in performance status and weight loss, suggesting a beneficial effect of MPA. The chemoendocrine therapy with CAF + MPA appears to be more beneficial than CAF alone in the treatment of advanced/recurrent breast cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of epidemiological characteristics in breast cancer patients and normal women in Great Britain and Japan: results of a prospective study.

The epidemiological characteristics of normal women and women with early breast cancer in Great Britain were prospectively compared with similar subjects from Japan. The study consisted of 204 women with early breast cancer and 792 normal controls from Great Britain and 200 breast cancers and 335 Japanese controls. The risk factors examined were age, height and weight, menopausal status, age at menarche and menopause, parity, age at first birth, use of oral contraceptives, and family history of breast cancer. The cancers and cases were divided into pre- and postmenopausal groups. There was a striking trend for a protective effect of multiparity in both countries and a weak but inconstant protective effect of age at first birth. In premenopausal British women increase in body mass was significantly associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer but this association was not found for postmenopausal women or in the Japanese women. The results showed that the classical risk factors did not fully account for the differences in breast cancer risk between Great Britain and Japan. The possibility that aetiological factors might be changing warrants investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Genesis of breast cancer in Japanese: a possible relationship between sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and serum lipid components.

We investigated changes in the amount of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and the percentage of free estradiol (% FE2) during normal menstrual cycles in the sera of 8 young Japanese controls, and also the relation between the lipid components of serum and the serum level of SHBG in 250 normal Japanese controls aged 18-77 years. The amount of SHBG measured by IRMA was significantly higher in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase, whereas the % FE2 values remained constant throughout the menstrual cycle in 8 healthy young controls. These results suggest that the estrogen status in serum is constantly controlled by SHBG. The amount of SHBG was significantly correlated with the serum level of triglycerides (TG) in 250 normal Japanese controls. From these results, we postulate that the decrease in serum SHBG, probably caused by increased level of serum TG, leads to elevation of % FE2 and later to a status with a high risk of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Blood concentrations of estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin in relation to age at menarche in premenopausal British and Japanese women.

In a cross-sectional study, serum estradiol (E2) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were not significantly related to age at menarche in premenopausal British women in the luteal or follicular phases of the cycle. In Japanese subjects in the luteal phase, a marginally higher concentration of E2 was observed in those who had undergone an early rather than a late menarche. In British women, previous oral contraceptive users had significantly lower luteal phase E2 concentrations than never users.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

New noninvasive transcutaneous approach to blood glucose monitoring: successful glucose monitoring on human 75 g OGTT with novel sampling chamber.

A novel noninvasive and quasi-continuous method of transcutaneous blood glucose monitoring for use with the human 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been developed. The effused fluid was obtained by applying suction on the skin surface and labeled suction effusion fluid (SEF). The system consists of two main parts: a suction apparatus and the glucose sensor system. The suction apparatus applies vacuum to the patient's skin at 400 mmHg absolute pressure to collect the SEF. The miniature ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) based glucose sensor can measure glucose in small SEF quantities. The monitoring system is based on the association between the glucose concentration in the SEF and in the serum. During the 75 g OGTT, the glucose change in the SEF was measured every 10 min. Although a response delay of up to 20 min was observed in the SEF glucose change, it was possible to perform the 75 g OGTT by this noninvasive monitoring method.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of broncho-bronchiolitis obliterans associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome].

A 45-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome was admitted because of progressive exertional dyspnea and palpitation. The chest X-ray film was normal except for slight overinflation. Pulmonary function tests indicated severe mixed-type impairment, and arterial blood gas analysis revealed hypoxemia. 99mTc-MAA lung perfusion scintigraphy and 81mKr lung ventilation scintigraphy showed multiple nonsegmental defects in both lungs. During six months of observation, the perfusion defect increased in size and intensity, although the chest radiography remained unchanged. The diagnosis of bronchobronchiolitis obliterans (BBO) was confirmed by open lung biopsy. Glucocorticoid therapy was ineffective, and she died of respiratory failure a month after discharge. It is noteworthy that perfusion scintigram demonstrated the progression of the disease much better than chest radiography, which showed no apparent change during the observation period.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[A double-blind, cross-over clinical trial of recombinant human G-CSF on neutropenia induced by chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF), produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells, was conducted in 46 patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Each patient received 2 cycles of CHOP therapy. rG-CSF (2 micrograms/kg/day) or its placebo was given subcutaneously to each patient for 14 days from 2 days after initiation of the chemotherapy, in a cross-over fashion. rG-CSF significantly increased the absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) at nadir, and reduced the number of days with ANC less than 1,000/mm3 and also the number of days for recovery to ANC greater than or equal to 2,000/mm3. Bone marrow examination showed a significant increase in the number of myeloid cells after rG-CSF treatment. 12 infective episodes were observed during placebo cycles, while 6 infective episodes were observed during rG-CSF cycles. No serious side effects were observed. We concluded that rG-CSF was effective in neutropenia induced by intensive chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of estradiol uptake and transforming growth factor alpha secretion in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by an alkyl-lysophospholipid.

We investigated the effect of 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3), an alkyl-lysophospholipid, on the uptake of estrogen, the secretion of transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha and the content of progesterone receptors (PRs) in the hormone-dependent breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The uptake of labeled estradiol by MCF-7 was dose dependently decreased by 12 h pretreatment with 10-25 micrograms/ml ET-18-OCH3, and this suppression occurred prior to the onset of the inhibitory action of ET-18-OCH3 on MCF-7 growth. Scatchard analysis demonstrated that ET-18-OCH3 reduced the number of estrogen receptors in MCF-7 without affecting their affinity. Both the secretion of TGF-alpha from MCF-7 into the conditioned medium and the PR content of MCF-7 were decreased by 48 h treatment with 10 micrograms/ml ET-18-OCH3. The estradiol uptake, the TGF-alpha secretion, and the PR content were not affected by platelet-activating factor, lyso-PAF, and palmitoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine, all at 10 micrograms/ml. These results suggest that the reduction of estrogen receptor level induced by ET-18-OCH3 resulted in decreases in both the secretion of TGF-alpha and the content of PR in MCF-7, and these effects are specific to ET-18-OCH3. We concluded that these effects of ET-18-OCH3 may lead, at least partly, to its antitumor action in hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of renal membrane adenylate cyclase by extract of pancreatic cancer associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.

The parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like activity, defined by the stimulation of cAMP production in MC3T3E1 cells, in the extract of a pancreatic cancer associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) was eluted in two peaks (I and II) by reverse phase HPLC. Both peaks dose-dependently inhibited the binding of human (h) PTH(1-34) to canine renal membrane in an essentially similar fashion to hPTH(1-34) or PTH-related protein (rP). In the renal membrane, neither of these peaks stimulated adenylate cyclase (AC) but rather dose-dependently inhibited AC activity stimulated by hPTH(1-34), PTH-rP(1-34) or forskolin. In rat renal cortical slices, however, both peaks could exhibit their own stimulatory effect and did not inhibit PTH or forskolin-stimulated cAMP production. It has been concluded that a factor which inhibits AC activity, probably reflecting the direct action at catalytic site, can occasionally be produced with PTH-like factor. Although PTH-like and AC-inhibiting activities were very close on reverse phase HPLC, currently the interrelation between these two activities is not clear. It may be important to be aware of the presence of such a factor in the evaluation of the bioassay data employing a broken cell preparation, which is often used to assess the PTH-like activity of tumor products.

Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors↗
PubMed1990

Anomalous inferior vena cava with azygos continuation, dysgenesis of lung, and clinically suspected absence of left pericardium.

We report a case of anomalous continuation of the inferior vena cava with azygos vein, defect of left pericardium, and dysgenesis of lobes of the lungs. A 43-year-old man came to our hospital, complaining of dyspnea and cough with blood in the sputum. The chest roentgenogram showed moderate cardiomegaly with deviation to the left side of the thorax. Therapy with diuretics and bronchodilators reduced his complaints. A bronchogram and fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed double bronchial branches to the right upper lobe, one from the trachea and the other from the right main bronchus, and a blind pouch of the left lobe. Thoracic computed tomography showed the heart just behind the sternum. Venography showed anomalous continuation of the inferior vena cava and dilated azygos vein. We could not find such a complicated anomaly of the thoracic vessels and bronchus in an adult in the literature, so we believe that it is important to reconfirm the position of major vessels or organs before a thoracic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of oral administration of amphotericin B in mycosis associated with hematologic diseases. Study Group of Mycosis in Hematologic Disease.

The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the oral administration of amphotericin B (AMPH) to patients with deep mycosis associated with hematologic diseases were evaluated in an investigation including determination of serum concentrations of the antibiotic. Prophylactic effects were examined in 111 subjects, and the efficacy rates averaged 83.8% at daily doses from 1,200 to 4,800 mg. The efficacy was significantly higher at a dose of 2,400 mg/day than at a dose of 1,200 mg/day (P less than 0.05). The efficacy rate tended to be higher when the length of administration period was 1 month or more. The percentage of the number of days of fever by neutrophil count was significantly less at a daily dose of 2,400 mg than at 1,200 mg in patients with neutrophil count of 1,000 cells/mm3 or less (P less than 0.001). The safety was evaluated in 131 subjects, and adverse effects were found in only 2 cases of nausea for an incidence rate of 1.5%. Therapeutic effects were studied in 12 cases, and efficacy rates averaged 58.3% at daily doses from 2,400 to 7,200 mg. Adverse effects consisted of 1 case of diarrhea among 15 subjects who were evaluated for the safety for an incidence rate of 6.7%. The serum concentrations of the antibiotic were examined in 60 of the prophylactic and therapeutic subjects. Average concentrations of AMPH at 4 hours after the first daily dose of 1,200, 2,400 and 4,800 mg were 0.040, 0.053 and 0.078 micrograms/ml, respectively. Concentrations gradually increased thereafter and reached averages of 0.089, 0.090 and 0.132 micrograms/ml, respectively, for the 3 dose levels on the 7th day. These results indicated that there were no serious adverse effects and serum concentrations were above the Candida MIC values at daily prophylactic and therapeutic doses of 1,200 to 7,200 mg of AMPH. Based on these findings, this drug can be expected to show prophylactic and therapeutic effects with safety in cases of deep mycosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Phase I study of FK 435].

We performed phase I study of FK 435, a new antiestrogen, in 30 patients with advanced breast cancer. Slight to moderate adverse reactions were noted as follows. Single-dose study: anorexia, nausea, lassitude in one patient (80 mg), decreased serum calcium in one (160 mg), redness, tenderness in one, facial flushing, hot flushes, headache in one (320 mg). Repeated-dose study: anorexia, nausea in one patient (40 mg/day), anorexia, diarrhea, increased FSH in one, increased PRL in one (80 mg/day). FK 435 was well tolerated. Tmax was 3-5 hours, T1/2 about 25 hours. Most of FK 435 was excreted into urine as glucuronide.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Myelofibrosis associated with immunological abnormalities].

A 74-year-old man was admitted to the National Defense Medical College Hospital because of purpura on the extremities. The blood hemoglobin level was 11.5 g/dl, the white blood cell count 7. 3 x 10(9)/l with 3% blastic cells, and the platelet count 4.0 x 10(9)/l. There was leukoerythroblastosis with only mild teardrop appearance of erythrocytes. The blastic cells consisted of two types, megakaryoblast-like cells and myeloblast-like cells. There was a very mild hepatosplenomegaly, but no lymphadenopathies. The bone marrow aspirations yielded dry taps. The marrow biopsy specimen revealed myelofibrosis associated with trilineage hyperplasia, but no apparent infiltration of leukemic cells. Platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) had a high titer and the response to platelet transfusions was poor. On prednisolone and colchicine, the blastic cells in the peripheral blood disappeared and the platelet count increased. He died of pneumonia. The autopsy showed myelofibrosis with hyperplasia of myeloid and erythroid lineage in the bone marrow. Megakaryocytes were relatively few and there was no infiltration of leukemic cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of Swyer-James syndrome diagnosed at age 70].

A male case of Swyer-James syndrome, who had been followed for bronchiectasis for a long time, detected at age 70 and diagnosed by radiological studies was reported. The movement of his left diaphragm was impaired. Arterial oxygen tension was 68 torr while breathing room air. Pulmonary function tests showed mixed ventilatory impairment, increase of residual volume, and uneven gas distribution, but diffusing capacity was normal with the single breath method. Chest radiograph revealed hyperlucency of the left lung and the right middle lung field. In these areas, pulmonary angiography showed marked hypovascularity and diffuse vascular atrophy, and perfusion and inhalation scans also showed marked decreased perfusion and ventilation. Pulmonary hypertension was not detected by right heart catheterization. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed and showed no abnormality of the left bronchial tree, and bronchography demonstrated diffuse cylindrical bronchiectasis of the left lung with no alveolar filling. He had suffered from chronic sinusitis for a long time, which might suggest that he had sinobronchitis due to congenital abnormality of the airway and this caused continuous respiratory infection, which could cause this syndrome. Including our own case, about 80 cases of Swyer-James' syndrome have been reported in Japan. But only 4 cases were above 70 years of age and all of them were male, and there has been no female cases above age 50. Males predominate over females, and in both sexes the left lung was more commonly affected than the right.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[MRI findings in a patient with multiple sclerosis and "hyperkinésies voltionnelles" as a main symptom].

A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of tremor in the upper extremities and gait disturbance. Beginning at age 18, this patient experienced tingling of the right fingers, gait disturbance, dysesthesia of both hands, and tremor in the upper extremities. These symptoms disappeared several weeks after each onset. At age 21, gait disturbance and coarse tremor in the upper extremities developed. They were exaggerated and occurred repeatedly. On neurological examination, the right optic disc was slightly pale. She had nystagmus in all directions with ocular movements. Deep tendon reflexes were hypoactive throughout. There was no tremor in the upper extremities at rest, but during the voluntary movements especially in maintaining certain posture coarse tremor developed. When performing goal-directed motion, such as finger-nose test, the tremor became worse near the terminal position. The patient's gait was broad-based, with the trunk trembling. There were no sensory disturbances, dysarthria, or bowel or bladder dysfunction. Laboratory studies were normal except for high IgG% in the cerebrospinal fluid. An electromyogram using surface electrodes recorded rhythmic bursts of about 4c/s, alternating between the extensor and the flexor muscles of the right arm. MRI of T2-weighted images showed many high-intensity areas located around the bilateral ventricles and near the area of the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle. A diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made in this case based on the patient's history of illness and MRI findings. The tremor in her right upper extremity was too intense and coarse to be described as tremor, and should better be called "hyperkinésies volitionnelles (HV)".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗