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Biomedical subjects

O U Petring

Publications and source records attributed to O U Petring.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Experimental ischaemic tourniquet pain delays gastric emptying of semi-solids in healthy volunteers.

The effect of controlled, experimental ischaemic pain, induced by tourniquet, on gastric emptying of a semi-solid meal of Tc-99m labelled Chelex-100 resin oatmeal was assessed in seven healthy volunteers, each acting as his/her own control. In the pain study, the submaximal effort tourniquet test was applied immediately, 30 min and 45 min after beginning of the study. Pain intensity was rated during the procedure using a linear visual analogue scale (VAS). All subjects participating in the study assessed their pain as close to maximal tolerance after 2-4 min. The pain stimulus caused an immediate acceleration, followed by a reproducible, significant delay in gastric emptying relative to the control situation. The median reduction in meal emptied after 60 min in the pain study was 15% P = 0.035). There was no difference in the duration of the lag period between the groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inter- and intrasubject variability of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers measured by scintigraphy and paracetamol absorption.

1. Inter- and intrasubject variability in the gastric emptying of semisolids and liquids was measured by scintigraphic emptying of radionuclide-labelled semisolid and from paracetamol absorption in ten healthy volunteers of both sexes. 2. The intrasubject variability was not statistically significant for any of scintigraphic or paracetamol absorption parameters. 3. The intersubject variation was significant for all scintigraphic and paracetamol absorption parameters. 4. In women, the gastric emptying rate of semisolid decreased linearly during the menstrual cycle. 5. The lag period and paracetamol absorption parameters were unrelated to the day of the menstrual cycle day. 6. There was no statistically significant relationship between scintigraphic and paracetamol absorption parameters.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1989

The effect of phentolamine on basal and pethidine-induced inhibition of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.

1. The effect of phentolamine 5 mg i.v. on basal and pethidine-induced inhibition of gastric emptying of semisolid TC-99m labelled Chelex-100 resin/oatmeal was studied in ten healthy volunteers. 2. Each volunteer acted as his/her own control. 3. Basal gastric emptying remained unchanged after administration of phentolamine. 4. Administration of phentolamine reversed the pethidine-induced inhibition of gastric emptying.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of oxytocin on basal and pethidine-induced delayed gastric emptying.

1. Continuous infusion of oxytocin (0.33 u min-1) accelerated gastric emptying of semisolid TC-99m labelled Chelex-100 resin/oatmeal in 10 healthy volunteers under basal conditions. 2. Administration of oxytocin did not change the pattern of gastric emptying delayed by pethidine. 3. The emptying pattern of semisolid has confirmed the existence of a lag phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Transitory postural vasomotor dysfunction in the finger after short term hand vibration.

The transitory effects of hand vibration (ah, w = 3.16 m/s2 during three minutes) on postural vasomotor functions of skin capillary blood flow rate in the finger were studied by the local 133xenon washout technique in ten men with vibration induced white finger (VWF), nine men professionally exposed to hand-arm vibration but without finger symptoms (HAV), and eight male controls (MC). The following postural vasomotor functions were measured: (a) the vasomuscular, non-neurogenic autoregulation, tested by raising the finger 20 cm; (b) the local venoarteriolar vasoconstrictor axon reflex, tested by lowering the finger 40 cm; and (c) the central sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflex elicited by central baroreceptors and tested by changing the body posture from supine to sitting upright. Before short term vibration the vasoconstriction elicited by central baroreceptors was increased in VWF (p less than 0.01) and normal in HAV (p greater than 0.10). The local axon reflex and the autoregulation functioned normally in VWF and HAV (p greater than 0.30). Three minutes after vibration, autoregulation was abolished and the functions of the central and local sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflexes were equally impaired in all three groups (p less than or equal to 0.01). All three vasomotor functions were completely restored 60 minutes after vibration in MC (p greater than 0.10) and also 30 minutes after vibration in one male control (p greater than 0.20). The results indicate a hyperreactivity of the central sympathetic nervous system in VWF, and a transitory, impaired function of digital arterioles after short term vibration in all groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of droperidol on fentanyl-influenced gastric emptying in man.

The effect of droperidol on gastric emptying was determined from the rate of paracetamol absorption in seven healthy adult volunteers who received fentanyl, each acting as his/her own control. On each occasion the subjects were given droperidol 2.5 mg or normal saline (placebo) i.v. in double-blind fashion. On both occasions, 20 and 50 min later a dose of 0.0015 mg kg-1 fentanyl was given. Ten minutes after the first fentanyl dose, the subjects ingested 20 mg kg-1 paracetamol with 200 ml of water. Our findings demonstrate that droperidol was not able to accelerate gastric emptying in subjects receiving subsequent small doses of fentanyl. Furthermore, the delayed absorption pattern of paracetamol on both occasions suggests that gastric emptying is retarded with or without droperidol.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Vibration elicited vasoconstrictor reflex in Raynaud's phenomena.

The fingers of seven women with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP), 10 female controls, seven men with vibration induced white finger (VWF), and eight male controls were exposed to vibration and the relative change in finger capillary blood flow was measured by an atraumatic 133xenon washout technique without and during proximal nervous blockade. All four groups showed a vasoconstriction to vibration (p less than or equal to 0.02) which was abolished by proximal nervous blockade. Women with PRP had an augmented response to vibration (p less than 0.01) and men with VWF had a normal response (p greater than 0.10) when compared with that of their respective sex matched controls. The results show the existence of a vibration elicited central sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflex in the normal finger and in fingers affected by PRP and VWF. The results indicate a hyperreactivity of the central sympathetic nervous system in PRP and VWF and a dysfunction of the peripheral sensory nerve fibres in subjects with VWF. The described vibration test may be of guidance in the differentiation of PRP from VWF.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Exaggerated postural vasoconstrictor reflex in Raynaud's phenomenon.

The central and local regulation of capillary blood flow in the finger was studied by the local xenon-133 washout technique in women with primary Raynaud's phenomenon, men with vibration induced white finger, and their respective sex matched controls. The vasoconstrictor response to venous stasis of 40 mm Hg elicited by local reflex was normal in both types of Raynaud's phenomenon. Change in posture from lying to sitting induced vasoconstriction in all groups, which was abolished by proximal nervous blockade. The vasoconstrictor response to sitting was augmented in both groups of subjects with Raynaud's phenomenon compared with their sex matched controls. These results show the existence of central and local postural vasoconstrictor reflexes in normal fingers. In both types of Raynaud's phenomenon there was hyperreactivity of the central sympathetic nervous system to orthostatic stress and normal function of digital arterioles and postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of chlorpromazine on drug absorption and gastric emptying in man.

In a double-blind study the effect of a single IV dose (25 mg) of chlorpromazine on gastric emptying, as determined by the rate of paracetamol absorption, was measured in seven healthy volunteers. Each volunteer acted as his/her own control. There was no significant difference between the maximum paracetamol concentration, the time to reach the plasma maximum concentration, and the area under the plasma concentration time curve from 0-120 minutes on the two occasions, indicating unchanged gastric emptying after administration of chlorpromazine.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1987

Influence of cigarette smoking on the risk of acid pulmonary aspiration.

Twenty-five non-smokers and 35 smokers who had abstained overnight from cigarette smoking and were undergoing minor elective orthopaedic surgery were studied in order to compare gastric volume and pH. There was no significant difference in aspirated volume and pH both just after intubation and prior to extubation between the two groups, thus indicating that habitual smokers undergoing elective surgery in general anaesthesia do not have increased risk of acid pulmonary aspiration compared with non-smokers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The effect of spinal analgesia and surgery on peroperative drug absorption and gastric emptying in man.

Paracetamol 20 mg kg-1 dissolved in 200 ml of water was given by mouth to seven patients undergoing minor orthopaedic surgery in spinal analgesia, and again 2 weeks later. The rate of paracetamol absorption was significantly delayed by spinal analgesia and surgery, indicating an inhibition of peroperative drug absorption and gastric emptying. The effect of spinal analgesia on gastric emptying was not able to normalize the delayed peroperative gastric emptying produced by surgery, and suggests that surgery is an important factor in peroperatively delayed gastric emptying.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1986

The relationship between gastric emptying of semisolids and paracetamol absorption.

The relationship between gastric emptying rate of semisolid Tc-99m labelled Chelex-100 resin/oatmeal and paracetamol absorption was determined simultaneously in seven healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between the half-time of gastric emptying and the time of the peak serum paracetamol concentration. There was no significant correlation between the area under the serum paracetamol concentrations at 60 and 90 min and the % meal emptied in 60 and 90 min respectively. Three subjects showed a lag phase in gastric emptying pattern, while the other four showed the emptying curves without evidence of a delayed phase of emptying. Individual values of gastric emptying determined by the methods varied widely.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1986

Inaccuracy of peranesthetic gastric intubation for emptying liquid stomach contents.

To assess the accuracy of the method of peranesthetic gastric intubation for emptying the liquid stomach contents, this procedure was tried on 80 patients undergoing general anesthesia. Half of the patients had a double-barrelled 16F-Argyle Salem sump tube, length 120 cm, size 16 CH, and the other half had a single-barrelled stomach tube, length 80 cm, size 25 CH. After emptying the stomach with the tubes 25 ml of glucose was given through the gastric tube to half of the Salem tube group and half of the stomach tube group. Similarly 100 ml of glucose was given to half of the Salem tube group and half of the stomach tube group. After instillation of glucose 25 ml or 100 ml, the Salem tube recovered 21.0 +/- 9.1 ml (mean +/- s.d.), median 24 ml, range 6-36 ml or 86.8 +/- 26.9 ml, median 92 ml, range 18-136 ml, respectively, and the stomach tube 17.1 +/- 10.8 ml, median 18 ml, range 2-34 ml or 54.0 +/- 28.5 ml, median 50 ml, range 14-104 ml, respectively. This indicates that the method of gastric intubation for emptying the liquid stomach contents is inaccurate.

Adult↗