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O V Galkina

Publications and source records attributed to O V Galkina.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Lipid peroxidation in rabbit and rat visual system structures].

In our work, the lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the retina, optic chiasma, and visual cortex of rat and rabbit brain was investigated. The contents of the LPO products (diene conjugates, triene conjugates, TBA-reactive products, Schiff bases) and oxidation index (calculated as 232/2 15) were similar in the retina and visual brain cortex of rats. In vivo, lipid oxidation in the optic chiasma was higher as compared with two other parts of visual tract. The similar data were obtained in our experiments with rabbit's visual tract. The sensitivity of tissues to peroxidation in vitro was studied in homogenates incubated with 0.2 mM ascorbate and 10 mkM FeSO4 for 20 min at 37 degrees C. The results of these experiments deviated from the data obtained in vivo, namely: the LPO in optic chiasma was lower than in the retina and the brain cortex. This data are in compliance with lipid composition of investigated parts of the visual tract of both animals. In our opinion, the high level of LPO in optic chiasma demonstrated in vivo is due to low antioxidants level in this part of the visual tract. Our findings also indicate that LPO in retina both in vivo and in vitro experiments are similar to those in the brain cortex and may be attributed to similar lipid composition and activity of antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxiddismutasa and glutathionereductase).

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Regional brain patterns of dopamine, metabolites and D2 receptors in memory.

Patterns of dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic (DOPAC), and homovanillic (HVA) acids, para-tyramine (p-TA), and D2 receptors for eleven structures of forebrain and midbrain were examined at 1 and 6 days after one trial passive avoidance training of rats, at 1 day after "psychogenic" amnesia production, immediately following training, and at the last day after foot shock of rats with previous "psychogenic" amnesia administration. Essential dopaminergic differences have been found between the groups studied. More significant neurochemical changes were observed in rats from trained and retrieval training groups. Regional DA changes were accompanied by a diminution of DA metabolism, an increase of D2 receptor density and p-TA. These neurochemical alterations differentially characterized the regional neurochemical patterns found in rat's exhibition nonretention (trained), forgetting, and amnesia. It is suggested that the present data reflect the existence of quantitative relationships between D2 receptors, DA, and p-TA, which are probably important in modulation of memory.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1994

[Forgetfulness and amnesia: receptor mechanisms and brain mapping].

Inability to remember and amnesia have been shown to be active neurochemical processes. The coupled processes (blockade of the triggering DA stimulating system and activation of the inhibitory GABA-ergic system with the predominant value of postsynaptic D-2 receptors) are a neurochemical basis for development of amnesia. The mechanisms of spontaneous forgetting is provided by a decrease in the activity of the dopaminergic system along with the enhancement of benzodiazepine-GABA-ergic interferentional inhibition. The observed changes in dopamine metabolism, para-tyramine appearance, as well as restructure of D-2 receptors provide the activity of dopamine increasing mechanism which determines the retention of memory traces. A computer model of the spatial interaction of the dopamine membrane-receptor complex was constructed by scanning the samples of synaptic membranes after learning and amnesia. A new method of inducing psychogenic amnesia in human beings has been elaborated. Amnesia is characterized by the absence of increases in the number of cortical connections reflecting the emotional factor of information.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the level of dopamine and its metabolites in brain structures and immunocompetent organs in the formation of immune response].

By the method of liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection dopamine level increase was shown within 2 min after immunization of rats with sheep red blood cells in n. caudatus. In 20 min after the immune response the acceleration of dopamine metabolism was observed in nuclei A9, A10, A11, accumbens, in amygdala, hypothalamus and hippocampus. In immunocompetent organs dopamine level was changed in 24 h after the immunization.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic role of interleukin-8 determination in chronic prostatitis].

Measurements were made of interleukine-8 (IL-8) levels in ejaculate, prostatic secretion, blood serum of 60 patients with latent chronic prostatitis (CP). These levels were higher in CP patients than in healthy subjects. A rise in concentrations of IL-8 in prostatic secretion and ejaculate correlates with other inflammation markers. This may indicate the degree of CP activity. No relationship between IL-8 levels in ejaculate and prostatic secretion, and large dispersion of this marker allow using this criterion for diagnosis in combination with other indices of local immunity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Informative value of immunologic analysis of blood and ejaculate in diagnosing chronic prostatitis].

Ejaculate and blood serum from 40 patients with chronic prostatitis were studied immunologically, IgG, IgA, sIgA, IgM concentrations in ejaculate may be greatly influenced by multicomponent composition of ejaculate. This means that it is impossible to diagnose chronic prostatitis only by changes of immunoglobulin concentrations in ejaculate. Data on IgA, sIgA concentrations plus on leukocyte count in ejaculate give more information for precise diagnosis of chronic prostatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Formation of p-tyramine from dopamine bound to synaptic receptors of the rat brain in vitro].

Tyramine (TA) revealed earlier during the functioning of dopamine (DA)-receptors of the rat brain (after learning) in vivo was produced from dopamine bound by DA-receptors of the synaptic membranes in the system which was exposed to the influence of the microdischarge electroradialysis in vitro. It is shown that the formation of p-TA under these conditions depends on the period of the micro-discharge effect on the system, it is maximal at exposition of 30 s for I = 4.2 mA. In control solutions of standard DA and DA preincubated with the membranes of the cerebellum homogenate, without DA-receptors, p-TA was not revealed under these conditions. The results obtained confirm the supposition that p-TA is the product of the DA-receptors functioning in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of 5'-deoxyribonucleotides by high-effective liquid chromatography].

The paper describes a method of analyzing 5'-deoxyribonucleotides by high-effective liquid chromatography on the strong-basic anion exchange resin Aminex A-27 in a nongradient phosphate borate buffer with ethanol addition. This method is useful for simultaneous separation of up to 6 UV-absorbing impurities--mononucleotides and nucleosides--with a sensitivity of 0.01 to 0.025 microgram.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The molecular basis of dopamine synapse activity in the mechanisms of learning and amnesia].

Neurochemical events underlying the activity of the dopamine synapse during the retrieval of memory and its impairment ("psychogenic" amnesia) are considered in the paper. Physico-chemical parameters of operation of D2 receptor and catechole content were investigated in various brain areas (striatum, neostriatum, hypothalamus, amygdala, frontal cortex, hippocampus, nuclei accumbens, A9, and A10) in intact, learned, and amnestic rats. The impairment in the memory trace retrieval was found to be associated with a significant decrease in activation of synaptic dopamine receptors and a modification of the dopamine transformation pathway.

Amnesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of rudotel on the synaptic activity of dopaminergic neurons].

The work discusses the neurochemical correlates of rat brain dopamin-synaptic activity after injection of 0.5 mg/kg rudotel (medazepam) as compared with intact animals. The parameters of functioning of D2-receptors in [3H]-dopamine binding, the content of catecholamines and their metabolites (high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection) were studied in the dopaminergic system in different brain areas (the striatum, frontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and accumbence).

Animals↗