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Biomedical subjects

O V Korkushko

Publications and source records attributed to O V Korkushko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Changes in heart rhythm power spectrum during human aging.

Age-related changes of the major oscillatory components--low-frequency (LFC, 0.02-0.05 Hz), medium-frequency (MFC, 0.08-0.12 Hz) and high-frequency (HFC, 0.2-0.4 Hz)--in the heart rhythm (HR) power spectrum were studied in 256 healthy subjects 20 to 89 years of age. The age factor exerted a considerable effect on the characteristics of the HR power spectrum. The decrease in the total power of the HR power spectrum and in HFC and MFC showed a nonlinear pattern. LFC power showed a linear decrease with aging. In view of the marked decrease in HFC and MFC in the 30- to 59-year age range, the elderly and very elderly subjects demonstrated the prevalence of the LFC contribution to the total HR power spectrum.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Autonomic control of cardiac chronotropic function in man as a function of age: assessment by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability.

The analysis of age-related features of the autonomic heart rate control during various periods of postnatal human ontogenesis is presented. The study was performed in 354 apparently healthy individuals of either sex, ranging in age from 3 months to 89 years. The method of spectral analysis of heart rate variability was used. We demonstrated different ratios between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic influences upon heart rate control in relation to age. In infancy and after 50 years, there is a prevalence of the sympathetic activity against a background of weak parasympathetic activity. In early years, the prevalence of the parasympathetic activity is observed at a sufficiently high sympathetic activity level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Use of enterosorption for correction of dyslipoproteinemias in patients with ischemic heart disease in geriatric practice].

Sixty patients with coronary heart disease, stable angina pectoris of functional class II and III and dislipoproteinemia (cholesterol greater than 6.5 mmol/l, triglycerides greater than 2.0 mmol/l, the atherogenic index greater than 3.5) were assigned to two groups. 40 patients received enterosorbent (high-porous, small-spherical fraction of CKH carbon). 20 control subjects were treated with placebo. The patients age ranged from 60 to 74. The treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. Evaluation of the treatment results showed that total cholesterol dropped by 20%, triglycerides by 27%, apoB by 32%, apoB-containing lipoproteins by 20%; there were positive changes in circulation, clinical status (in 60% of cases), exercise tolerance (by 12%). Control patients did not present any noticeable shifts. Thus, enterosorption proved an effective modality of dyslipoproteinemia correction in coronary patients of advanced age.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in left ventricular function in elderly hypertension patients].

As many as 81 patients suffering from stage-II essential hypertension (EH) and 20 practically healthy persons of the same age were examined. EH patients manifested derangement of systolic function of the left ventricle, attested to by a decrease of contractility in the first third of the systole. The lowering of the velocity of active relaxation, change in the structure of the filling of the left ventricle coupled with a decrease of the role of the rapid filling phase and a rise of the contribution of the phases of slow filling and the atrial systole were noted. A decrease of the blood flow velocity at the phase of the atrial systole was also noted, which points to a decrease of the compensatory role of the left atrium in elderly patients. As compared to younger patients, compensatory hypertrophy of the left ventricle was pronounced relatively less in elderly patients. In these patients, compensatory potentialities of the hypertrophied left ventricle are preserved until the index of the left ventricular mass exceeds 170 g/m2. The further growth of that indicator is associated with a decline of the cardiac output.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in aged and elderly patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease].

Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed in 97 elderly patients (age 60-79) using electrokymography of the heart and vessels, ECG and rheography of the lungs. All the patients suffered from chronic cor pulmonale (CCP). Electrokymography proved an effective diagnostic tool in detection of pulmonary hypertension in CCP patients, whereas quantitation of the hypertension was successful at electrokymography with application of L. Burstin nomogram and electrocardiography according to S. A. Dushanin. ECG according to R. Bernar et al. appeared poorly sensitive, especially at early CCP stages. A. M. Novikov's rheopulmonography technique can provide only an approximate value of mean pressure in the pulmonary artery of elderly CCP patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Hormonal and autonomic reactions to exercise in elderly healthy subjects and patients with ischemic heart disease.

We have studied the hormonal and vegetative responses to reactions of exercise in 60 healthy subjects (10 young and 50 old) and in 70 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) aged 60-74 years. Plasma levels of cortisol, ACTH, met-enkephalins, leu-enkephalins and beta-endorphins were measured by using radioimmunological methods. The state of autonomic control was determined according to spectral analysis of cardiac rhythm. Compared to the young healthy subjects, the older healthy group had an earlier activation of the ACTH-cortisol system and a more pronounced increase in the sympathetic nervous system during sub-maximal exercise. This could be the reflection of a decreased resistance to stress in older age. The elderly IHD patients showed two types of hormonal reactions to exercise: a rise in the cortisol level and a fall in the met-enkephalins (Group 1), or a fall in the cortisol concentration combined with a rise of met-enkephalins (Group 2). In Group I patients a lower exercise capacity and a less economical reaction of the hemodynamics to a workload of 25 watts was found. An excessive activation of the ACTH-cortisol system and a reduced level of blood met-enkephalins in the elderly IHD patients during exercise are thought to be the unfavourable factors promoting a decrease in tolerance to physical load and an impairment of adaptive capacities of the cardiovascular system.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1990

[Use of mathematical methods for analysis of vectorcardiograms in the diagnosis of cor pulmonale in middle-aged and aged patients].

Analysis of vectorgrams obtained in 85 patients aged 60-79 years with chronic pulmonary heart and 64 patients aged 30-49 years allowed this disease to be diagnosed in 90.7% of elderly and senile patients at the stage of compensation and in all cases in combination with decompensation. With aging, combined ventricular hypertrophy was found to be one of the most typical features of chronic pulmonary heart. This was evidenced by vector cardiography in 79.1-88.9% of the examinees from different groups. A complex of the most informative VCG signs of chronic pulmonary heart was proposed for patients from various age groups. For more rapid recognition of chronic pulmonary heart, a rapid VCG diagnostic technique was developed and recommended for the disease. By using a regression analysis, a mathematical model of VCG diagnosis was constructed for chronic pulmonary heart in elderly and senile patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The characteristics of the vectorcardiographic diagnosis of chronic cor pulmonale in middle and old age].

Spatial assay of the vectorcardiograms (VCG) was performed in 85 elderly and senile patients with chronic cor-pulmonale (CCP) and in 64 patients aged 30-49 years. In accordance with the VCG, CCP was diagnosed in 90.7% of patients aged 60-79 years and in 91.3% of patients aged 30-49 years in a stage of compensation as well as in all the cases with decompensation superaddition. Spatial vectorcardiography makes it possible not only to diagnose right ventricular hypertrophy in CCP patients but also to examine its formation over time, commencing from the early disease stages. Biventricular hypertrophy was one of the most characteristic features of cor pulmonale on ageing. A complex of the most informative VCG criteria for CCL are suggested for patients of different age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The efficacy of the captopril treatment of elderly hypertension patients].

It was established that monotherapy with captopril was effective in 72% of patients with hypertensive disease in the elderly. Reduction of the arterial pressure is accompanied by an improvement of the indices of hemodynamics and myocardial contractility as well as relaxation of the left ventricle. Captopril proved more effective in patients with a high concentration of blood angiotensin. Acute load by a single intake of 25 mg of captopril may with high probability predict the efficacy of treatment courses, namely, in patients with a good clinical efficacy reduction of the preparation. Captopril is recommended for the treatment of hypertensive disease in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Current view on the pathogenetic factors of hypoxia in middle-aged and aged persons].

Pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, respiration biomechanics, respiratory function of the blood, and the tissue level of PO2 in functional tests have been studied in a group of healthy individuals aged 20-106 years. Aging has been found to be associated with oxygen deficiency including the circulatory and tissue hypoxia elements. The relationship between hypoxia and aging has been confirmed, and the mechanisms by which specific oxygen-deficiency components develop have been outlined. The adaptive hypoxia-related changes in elderly and senile ages have been specified. Based on the current concepts of the pathogenic factors underlying hypoxia in aging, the methodologies are proposed to reverse the hypoxia-related changes in these age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Anti-arrhythmic effectiveness and hemodynamic effect of ethacizine in middle-aged and elderly patients with ischemic heart disease and extrasystole].

The anti-arrhythmic effectiveness of ethacizine (diethylamine ethmozine analogue) was studied in extrasystolic arrhythmia in 40 IHD patients aged 60-85 and its effect on the autonomic cardiac rhythm regulation, intracardiac and central hemodynamics in acute oral load (75 mg) and in the process of course monotherapy (150 mg/24 h). In monotherapy of ventricular extrasystole ethacizine (150 mg/24 h) is effective in 80 per cent and in supraventricular extrasystole in 66 per cent of the cases. The drug produced no significant negative inotropic action but caused delay of atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction and weakening of parasympathetic cardiac tone. Side effects were found in 20 per cent of the patients. Ethacizine can be a preparation of choice in a long-term therapy of ventricular extrasystole in elderly patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Correction of dyslipoproteinemia in middle-aged and elderly patients with atherosclerosis using Essentiale in combination with adebit].

A combination of Essentiale and adebit was used in the treatment of 62 patients (age: 60-89 years) with stable stenocardia. Essentiale normalizes the cholesterol metabolism, adebit normalizes the carbohydrate metabolism. Results of the treatment indicate that elderly and old, in particular, showed an improvement of the clinical condition of the disease, normalization of the lipid metabolism.

Aged↗