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Biomedical subjects

O W Korkuschko

Publications and source records attributed to O W Korkuschko.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Age-related changes in the elastic properties of large arterial vessels (author's transl)].

228 healthy subjects aged 20 to 100 were examined. The elasticity of the large arterial vessels was assessed by measuring the pulse rate. Methods of arterial sphygmography were applied for studying the vessels of the systemic circulation, while electrokymography was used for the pulmonary circulation. The examination results showed that the elasticity of the large arterial vessels diminishes in the process of ageing while their rigidity increases. This is primarily due to morphological changes in the vascular wall - i.e. the development of sclerosis. The age-dependent changes are unevenly distributed. They are more pronounced in the arteries of the systemic circulation than in the system of the pulmonary artery. The reduced elasticity of the arterial vessels greatly affect cardiac output and also reduces the general adaptability of the circulatory system.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The intestinal hormones secretin and pancreozymin, and the study of the secretory pancreatic function in man advanced in years (author's transl)].

The values of the pancreatic function obtained after stimulation with secretin and pancreozymin have to be regarded as a variant of the geriatric norm. They are of significance for functional diagnostics and for differentiating between peculiarities of the pancreatic function caused by old age on the one hand and pathological changes on the other. The decrease in the exocrine pancreatic function, which was observed in actually healthy persons at an advanced age under normal conditions, goes on in most cases without symptoms. In the event of stress situations (faulty diet, diseases of other organs than the gastrointestinal tract) and likewise in the presence of a clinically marked indigestion, the prescription of a substitution therapy is indicated in particular for persons at an advanced age and old people.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Peculiarities of unconditioned and conditioned reflex stimuli effects on secretory function of gastric glands in elderly and senile people (author's transl)].

For understanding age peculiarities of gastric secretory function in aging.tory function in aging.tory function regulation, the investigation of nervous influences on gastric secretion is of importance. With this end in view the unconditioned reflex stimulus- the tube with rubber balloon, containing 10 ml of water and conditioned reflex stimulus - food stimulus were employed. The fractional gastric intubation was carried out. The gastric secretion in response to mechanical stimulus was investigated in 125 persons aged 60-89 and in 40 persons aged 20-25 (control group). In response to conditioned reflex stimulus it was studied in 30 persons aged 60-89 and 10 persons aged 20-35 (control group). With aging the response of gastric glands to unconditioned and conditioned stimuli was found to decrease. The amount of secretion, hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and gastromuco-protein were decreased, the secretory effect being more slowly developed, the torpid secretion type being observed. The above facts testify to changes of nervous regulation of gastric secre

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemodynamic effects of stimulation of alpha 1-adrenoreceptors in healthy elderly and aged persons].

The effect of intramuscular administration of alpha 1-adreno-stimulator phenylephrine (standard dose of 0.15 mg/kg body wt.) on the chronotropic, pump, systolic, and diastolic heart function, renal blood circulation and microcirculation in different vessel regions was studied in 60 healthy human subjects of different ages (20-34, 60-74, and 75-89 years). In aging, the overall effect of standard phenylephrine dosage has been found to decrease. Parallel to this, there was a change in the structure of the response of cardiovascular system to alpha 1-adreno-stimulaor administration. In older population groups, the positive effect of phenylephrine upon the pump and systolic heart function decreased, while its negative effect on the renal blood circulation and microcirculation in different vascular regions increased.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical study of the effectiveness of mexitil in the treatment of patients with extrasystole in old and advanced age].

The antiarrhythmic efficacy and action of mexitil on minute volume, myocardial function and vegetative regulation of cardiac activity were studied in 25 patients aged 60-89 years, suffering from chronic IHD with stable ventricular extrasystoles. With mexitil dosage of 400-600 mg orally per day there was a marked antiarrhythmic effect in 68% of patients. A similar effect in 64% of patients was observed with a single dose of mexitil (300 mg orally per day) as early as 1-2 h after its administration and maintained for 8-10 h. The above dose of mexitil produced a statistically significant slowing down of cardiac rhythm without changing atrioventricular conductivity. No effect of mexitil on arterial blood pressure was found, nor did it exert cardiodepressive action or any purposeful effect on the vegetative regulation of the heart.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cardiovascular system of healthy long-living Abkhazians].

In order to study the peculiarities of aging of the blood circulatory system, an epidemiological investigation of long-living humans (subjects aged 90 years and over) was performed in three villages of Abkhazia. The region is characterized by a high level of longevity. Seventy-eight long-living individuals were available for the study. Thirty healthy persons aged from 20 to 40 years served as the control group. In the healthy long-lived (total, 41 persons) the functional state of the circulatory system appeared to be worse than in the 20-40-year-old people. Due to a marked change of the circulatory system with age, there is a decrease in its adaptation reserve which, in turn, leads to an increased probability of the development of pathological conditions (IHD and hypertensive disease), as well as their complications and lethal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Functional age of the cardiovascular system and its assessment by age equivalents].

The method for biological (functional) age assessment of the blood circulation system has been developed from the age equivalent value estimated on the basis of a number of indices reflecting the function of a given system. For mathematical processing discriminant analysis was used. Formulae illustrating the biological (functional) age assessment of the human cardiovascular system are presented.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vascular changes in the lower extremities and their significance for tissue oxygen supply in middle and old age].

The studies involved practically healthy subjects aged 20-102. The oscillogram and rheogram were recorded in the upper and lower extremities. Measurements on the pulse wave progagation velocity and the skin capillary blood circulation were taken. The oxygen tension in subcutaneous cellular tissue was determined by the polarographic method. It was found that the values of systolic pressure, pulse pressure, and mean dynamic pressure increased, whereas the oscillographic index decreased with aging. In older people the rheogram was characterized by a slow elevation, rounded peak, frequently arch-shaped, flattening or absence of diastolic wave, shortening of Q-X-interval, and decrease of rheographic index. These age-associated changes reflecting decrease in elasticity and increase in rigidity of peripheral arteries as well as decrease in blood filling of tissues were more pronounced in the lower extremities. In older people the oxygen supply and the intensity of tissue respiration in subcutaneous cell tissue of legs were lower as compared with the upper extremities. In young adults no differences were found in oscillographic, rheographic, and polarographic values as well as in capillaroscopic pictures between upper and lower extremities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of adrenaline on the peripheral circulation of men of various ages].

The response to adrenalin of vessels of large, middle and small caliber was investigated in young adults, middle-aged and old human beings by means of the arteriopiezography, rheography, capillaroscopy and capillarophotography. Adrenalin was injected in doses of 0,2 and 0,5 mg intramuscularly, and doses of 0,1 to 0,0000001 mg intradermically. It was established that the response of the vascular system to adrenaline is significantly increased in the middle-aged and elderly individuals. This increased response finds expression in an accelerated dilation speed of the vessels of elastic or muscular type, and in still more evident changes in the rheographic measurements and capillaroscopic aspect of the older individuals. Different vascular reactions-times after the injection of adrenaline were observed in the different age groups. The peculiar physiologic response to adrenalin in the aged, and the vascular reactivity of several different territories, were also discussed.

Adult↗