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Biomedical subjects

O Wager

Publications and source records attributed to O Wager.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Circulating immune complexes during immunotherapy in allergy to dog.

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were determined from dog-allergic asthmatic children (n = 35) receiving immunotherapy with dog dander and hair extract. The results from CIC are expressed in SDU (standard deviation units) and presented as follows: pretreatment results (n = 20), rush results (n = 11), mid-schedule results (n = 20), maintenance results (n = 15) and the results of the placebo-treated group (n = 12). The results of the placebo-treated group (n = 12) and those of the untreated atopic (n = 12) and non-atopic (n = 14) were controls. CIC levels were analysed by means of KgB-ELISA (conglutinin binding enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), C1qB-ELISA (C1q-binding enzyme linked immunososrbent assay), RFb-ELISA (rheumatoid factor binding enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and by PIPA (platelet 125J-labelled staphylococcal protein-A test). The CIC level determined by KgB-ELISA in dog-allergic asthmatic children was higher than that of the atopic controls (P less than 0.05) already before the onset of the hyposensitization. During conventional hyposensitization with dog dander and hair the CIC level remained the same as before treatment. On day 5 of rush hyposensitization the mean level of CIC showed no increase when compared with the pretreatment values. A statistically significant correlation (P less than 0.01) was observed between the dog dander and hair-specific IgG antibodies and the CIC level measured by KgB-ELISA during the maintenance period of conventional immunotherapy. The samples of sera to measure this correlation were collected before the injection of allergen and after 2 weeks of injection during maintenance treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Serum immune complexes and rheumatoid factors in superficial bladder tumours.

Serum immune complex (IC) and rheumatoid factor (RF) levels of 39 patients with a transitional cell tumour of the bladder were analyzed using 4 different IC and 2 RF assays. Elevated serum immune complex and rheumatoid factor levels were observed in the majority of the patients (95%). Conglutinin-binding (KgB), C1q-binding (C1qB), platelet iodinated protein A test (PIPA) and RF-enzyme immunoassay (RF-EIA) gave positive results in 31%, 62%, 23% and 31% of the cases, respectively and separated cancer sera from normal blood donors (p less than 0.001). Elevated titers were also observed with platelet aggregation test (PAT) and latex agglutination for RF in 23% and 67% of the cases, respectively. A negative correlation (p less than 0.01) was observed with the stage of the disease and RF-values. Other IC tests did not correlate significantly with stage, histological grade or progression of the disease. The best prognostic marker was the histological grade of the tumour. Males had more undifferentiated tumours than females. Multivariate analysis was carried out to correlate several laboratory parameters simultaneously with clinical variables and it revealed that elevated IC tests values (KgB, C1qB and PIPA) and low RF-values correlated to stage (p = 0.009) but not to histological grade or progressive course of the disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1986

Elevated serum immune complex levels in Pogosta disease, an acute alphavirus infection with rash and arthritis.

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied in Pogosta disease, an acute alphavirus infection with fever, rash and arthritis. The disease is caused by a virus antigenically closely related to Sindbis virus. 75 serum specimens from 25 patients with serologically verified infection were obtained from 1-87 days after the onset. Six different CIC detection methods were used and CICs were observed in all patients at least with one test. Tests based on CIC binding onto human platelets followed the natural course of the disease and maximal values were observed between 10-15 days after onset. Slightly elevated levels were observed 2-3 months after onset. The mean conglutinin binding test values were slightly elevated during the whole follow-up period. The severity of arthritis did not directly correlate to CIC levels. C3c and C1q-binding test were positive only in a few cases. Latex and enzyme immunoassay tests for rheumatoid factors gave low positive values in some of the sera. Agarose gel electrophoresis of serum proteins revealed non-specific changes in alpha 1-alpha 2 interzone characteristic of an acute infectious disease. The presence of CIC in the sera of patients with Pogosta disease may indicate body's natural clearange mechanisms of viral antigens. CIC may have a pathogenic role in the prolonged arthritis, even though no direct correlation with CIC levels and severity of arthritis was observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Natural course of juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis.

Forty-six patients with juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis were followed for an average of 6.5 years. The diagnosis was based on a firm goiter and on cytologic findings of lymphocytic thyroiditis. The thyroid function and the size of the thyroid gland were regularly evaluated, and thyroid cytologic findings reevaluated once about 4.5 years after the diagnosis was made. Initially, 24 patients were euthyroid, 16 subclinically hypothyroid, and six hypothyroid. At the end of follow-up, 29 patients were euthyroid, six subclinically hypothyroid, and 11 hypothyroid, but there had been an extensive exchange of individual patients among these three groups. At cytologic reevaluation, the changes were virtually unaltered. Thyroid antibodies and circulating immune complexes were repeatedly tested: on one or more occasions, 85% of the patients had positive test results for thyroid antibodies, and about 50% for circulating immune complexes. Hypothyroidism at the end of follow-up correlated with the initial hypothyroid state and with thyroglobulin antibodies of IgG class detected by enzyme immunoassay. The best predictors of the final hypothyroid state were female sex, initial hypothyroidism, IgG thyroglobulin antibodies by EIA, and IgG circulating immune complexes assayed by conglutinin-binding test-EIA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Heating at 56 degrees C does not eliminate immune complex-bound Clq.

The effect of heating at 56 degrees C on free and complex-bound Clq was studied by radioisotope and sucrose gradient centrifugation techniques. The ability of soluble complexes of egg albumin, rabbit anti-egg albumin, and human Clq to bind extrinsic iodinated Clq did not increase following heating at 56 degrees C. The results of this study did not support the postulated release of complex-bound Clq on heating at 56 degrees C. They also showed that free Clq was more heat-labile than Clq in the Clqrs state. The importance of elimination or monitoring of intrinsic Clq in Clq assays for circulating immune complexes is stressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Use of ELISA for measuring immunoconglutinins.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of immunoconglutinins (IKs) has been developed. IKs are allowed to bind to solid-phase C3 and are then assayed using alkaline phosphatase coupled to anti-IgG or anti-IgM. IK activity was detected in some patients' sera up to 50,000-fold dilution. Significant correlation (r = 0.65) was obtained between the levels of IgM-IKs measured by ELISA and by conventional hemagglutination assay, IgG-IKs and hemagglutination titers did not correlate (r = -0.15).

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

IgG autoantibody to human serum albumin studied by the ELISA-technique.

ELISA was applied for analysis of the HSA-human IgG autoantibody system responsible for the immunoelectrophoretic 'Tailing Albumin' (TA) phenomenon induced in most of the TA patients by prolonged nitrofurantoin therapy. Both hyperimmune porcine anti-HSA and autoimmune human anti-HSA antibodies of the IgG class were detectable by ELISA. The presence of autologous or added HSA had some inhibitory effect upon the detectability of the anti-HSA antibodies. Partial elimination of the autologous HSA by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation or salt precipitation increased or unmasked the anti-HSA activity of some TA sera. The sensitivity of the ELISA as detector of the anti-HSA autoantibodies of whole human sera was roughly equal to that of the immunoelectrophoretic TA phenomenon. The analogy of the anti-HSA autoantibodies and the rheumatoid factors and the theoretical interest of both of them is stressed.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1978

Binding affinity of human autoantibodies: studies of cryoglobulin IgM rheumatoid factors and IgG autoantibodies to albumin.

The binding affinity of cryoglobulin IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) for human IgG and of human IgG anti-albumin autoantibodies for HSA was measured by the molecular sieving technique. The binding affinities of the two autoantibodies were consistently low (10(4)-10(5) 1/M) as compared to the affinities of corresponding hyperimmune animal antibodies (10(6)-10(8) 1/M). The findings were discussed in relation to theories on human autoimmunity. The existence of strict autotolerance at the T cell level and of autoreactivity at the low affinity B cell level was considered to be best compatible with the findings of this study and with the major known facts of autoimmunity.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Lack of measurable complement fixing antibodies against viral antigens.

A serological and clinical study was performed to find the common features of 130 patients without antibodies against 11 or more different antigens in the complement fixation (CF) test. These patients (=1.6%) were discovered during hte screening of 8,021 adult patients. Rheumatoid factor(s) (RF) were found in the sera of 113 of the patients. In the remaining 17 patients no common serological or clinical markers were found. Myeloma M-components were found in three cases. The lack of measurable CF antibodies in RF positive cases was apparently due to the inhibitory effect of RF(s) in the CF test. This was indicated by a positive reaction in CF after centrifugal separation of IgM and IgG fractions and also by the detection of antibodies using immunodiffusion method. Possible immune complexes were sought using the platelet aggregation test, which was positive for the sera of 47 (=37%) of the patients. The clinical diagnosis of the 130 CF-nonreactors was rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (ARA criteria) in 23 cases and pulmonary diseases in 65 cases. In a comparison group of equal size there were only 3 RA patients and 15 with pulmonary disease. RA was thus found in 20% of the RF positive CF-nonreacting patients. In the comparison group of 52 RA patients 8 CF-nonreactors were found (=15%). This suggests that the effect of RF(s) from RA patients in CF reaction varies greatly.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunoelectrophoretic 'tailing' of albumin line due to albumin-IgG antibody complexes: a side effect of nitrofurantoin treatment?

The immunochemical analysis of sera of 10 patients in which immunoelectrophoresis showed a cathodic, elongated, 'tailing' albumin (TA) line is described. Eight of the 10 patients had been treated with nitrofurantoin, and withdrawal of the drug was followed by disappearance of the phenomenon in 5 cases. Most of the patients had polyclonally elevated IgG and IgA levels and a decreased albumin level; IgM; C3, C4, and C1-INH were normal. Antinuclear activity of IgG type was demonstrated in the sera of 9 patients. The TA phenomenon was due to noncovalently bound complexes between IgG and albumin. The combining sites of the IgG molecules were in the Fab fragment. The antibody-like activity of the IgG was directed towards autologous albumin. The anti-albumin activity remained unchanged after absorption of the antinuclear activity. The nitrofurantoin-induced albumin-anti-albumin system may prove useful as a human model of autoimmune response of known aetiology.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Blocking effect of rheumatoid factor on the in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphoid cells from carcinoma patients.

Human cryo-IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) preparations blocked the tumor-specific in vitro cytotoxicity of ovarian or bladder carcinoma patients' lymphoid cells in microcytotoxicity assays. The effect was mediated by pretreatment of the effector cells. Cryo-IgM RF free of detectable IgG blocked in a dilution-dependent manner, and immunosorbent purification of contaminating IgG from another preparation did not abrogate the blocking effect. Control IgM preparations lacking RF activity did not block the cytotoxicity, and normal human serum preincubation of the RF preparations rendered them inactive, indicating that the blocking effect was due to the anti-IgG activity of the RF.

Cryoglobulins↗