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Biomedical subjects

O Winding

Publications and source records attributed to O Winding.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Release of foreign bodies (particles) by clinical use of intravenous infusion sets.

In clinical practice, stripping the plastic tubes of intravenous (i.v.) infusion sets with a scissor blade is a commonly used method for re-establishing flow in malfunctioning i.v. sets. The present investigation concludes that this procedure results in release of plastic particles from the luminal wall of the tube. Particles are subsequently flushed into the patient. The average amount of particles released exclusively from the i.v. infusion sets under these circumstances may exceed the standards for acceptable particle content per millilitre in large volume i.v. injectable fluids, according to the British Pharmacopoeia (1980) and the United States Pharmacopoeia (1990).

Foreign Bodies↗
PubMed1994

Quality assurance in gastroenterology: the Telegastro project.

The goal of this Telegastro project is to improve standards of care in gastroenterology by establishing and circulating a 'consensus' view of several aspects of 'good practice' in specific areas of gastroenterology. The background for the study is described, followed by the detailed goals of the project and the modus operandi designed to achieve these goals. Finally, the problems of implementing such a package are discussed along with progress in the first 18 months and schedules for future activities.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1989

Rheumatoid arthritis cells and biochemical changes in turpentine-induced pleuritis in rabbits.

When turpentine was instilled into the right pleural cavity in rabbits a pleural effusion developed in half of the animals, with a low pH, low glucose concentration, high lactic dehydrogenase activity and the constant presence of rheumatoid arthritis cells in the affected pleural cavity. The biochemical values in the pleural fluid were significantly different from the values for normal pleural fluid obtained by a special microtechnique. These changes resulting from the experimentally induced, simple, irritative turpentine pleuritis are similar to the findings in the pleural effusion in human rheumatoid pleuritis; this implies that such changes are probably non-specific and without evidence of an immunological background.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Silicon in human breast tissue surrounding silicone gel prostheses. A scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray investigation of normal, fibrocystic and peri-prosthetic breast tissue.

Implanted silicone breast prostheses leak silicone gel through the intact membrane. In order to determine the exact location and to achieve a semiquantitative estimation of the amount of silicone in the surrounding tissue, a method involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) was used. By this method we were able to demonstrate the presence of the element silicon (Si) (main component of silicone, a polymer with a general formula e.g. (CH3[Si(CH3)2O]n Si(CH3)3 along the inner border of vacuoles corresponding to the light microscopic localization of droplets and in macrophages. The tissue adjacent to the prostheses had a higher silicon content than the control tissue.

Breast↗
PubMed1985

Particulate contamination in eye surgery.

Flushing fluid from microsponges (surgical spears) and solutions for irrigation (balanced salt solution and Ringer solution) as well as other medicaments for intraocular use during surgery (solutions of Zolyse, solutions of Miochol and Healon) have been examined for particulate contamination. The method used to collect and analyse the particles involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) in order to determine elements within the range of atomic number 9-93 in the periodic system. The investigation disclosed particulate contamination of all solutions examined. Particle number (greater than 5 microns) per ml varied from 15 to 400 and the size from 5 microns-800 microns. Microsponges released particles in numbers from 25-90 in a size range of 5-3000 microns per ml flushing fluid (Total flushing volume 20 ml). More than half of the particles were below 10 microns in all specimens examined. The irrigation solutions and solutions of medicaments contained only few particles above 40 microns. Most of the particles were of organic material which is not detectable with EDAX. This analytical system disclosed a wide range of inorganic elements, being present in the examined solution in the form of particles or as solutes.

Drug Contamination↗
PubMed1982

Reversible changes in small infarcts of the rabbit kidney.

Infarcts of the rabbit kidney were experimentally induced in 22 animals by selective left renal arteriography using the genuine foreign bodies present in the contrast media and catheters as damaging agents. Three days later the infarcts were macroscopically located and measured at laparotomy. Three weeks later the infarcts were macroscopically and microscopically investigated. Small infarcts (below 5 mm diameter) now were rendered grossly invisible, and no fibrous scarring of the infarcted area was present. Histologically, the changes varied from slight atrophy to total lack of microscopical parenchymal changes. Greater infarcts (above 5 mm in diameter) showed traditional cicatricial changes, the degree of scarring being dependent of the initial size of the infarct. Thus the small infarcts were found to be able to regenerate and revascularize.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Cerebral microembolization following carotid injection of dextran microspheres in rabbits.

Dextran microspheres (Sephadex G25 fine) from 25 to 105 micrometer, labelled with fluorochrome (Lissamine Rhodamine B), in concentrations of 1 and 2 million particles suspended in 2 ml Ficoll 70, were injected into the right common carotid artery of 10 white female rabbits (Danish domestic variety) which were sacrificed at intervals from 5 min to 10 days after injection. Histopathological study of the brains revealed a number of spheres in arteries and arterioles often occluding pial vessels of both hemispheres (more than 80% in the right hemisphere). Less than 0.5% of microspheres were recovered. No macroscopic and only a few microscopic infarcts were seen. The rabbits surviving until 10 days after injection had no visible neurological disturbances, but all rabbits died immediately or within 5 min after the injection of approximately 2 million particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Particle release from angiographic utensils.

Particles released from angiographic catheters and guide-wires are determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive roentgen analysis (EDAX). The particles originate from the manufacturing processes and from the catheter and guide-wire material itself. More than 1000 particles with a diameter larger than 5 micrometer from the catheters (100 cm length) were found. The introduction of a guide-wire into the catheter increased the particle release significantly. Bismuth (Bi), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), aluminium (Al), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co) and silicon (Si) were found in single particles from both catheters and guide-wires. It is recommended that public health authorities establish limits for particle release from angiographic utensils.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Intrinsic particles in angiographic contrast media.

The five brands of water-soluble contrast media (sodium methylglucamine 60%) used most often for cerebral angiography in Europe were investigated for contamination with intrinsic nonviable particles. A Coulter counter was used to screen particles by size (5--10 mu, 10--30 mu, and greater than 30 mu), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX) was used to verify the findings. Particles were found in the solutions, both from ampules and vials. The mean was 302 particles greater than 5 mu in 1 ml of contrast medium contained in ampules; a few particles measuring up to 500 mu were found. EDAX analysis revealed Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Fe, I, K, Mn, Na, Si, and Zn. The author recommends that contrast media be passed through a filter with a pore size of 5 mu or less.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Sequelae of intrinsic foreign-body contamination during selective renal angiography in rabbits.

The significance of foreign-body contamination of contrast media, flushing solutions, and angiographic equipment was investigated by selective renal angiography in 32 rabbits. Infarction caused by foreign bodies introduced by the angiographic procedure was frequently demonstrated. As a particulate matter is also injected during human angiography, its effects should be carefully sought.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Foreign bodies in contrast media for angiography.

Commercially available soluble contrast media for angiography were investigated for particulate contamination by a technique involving scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX). The investigation revealed a number of particles (up to 3 x 10(5)) in 20 ml of contrast medium in many different shapes, in the size range from 0.5 micrometer to 50 micrometer and, in some instances, up to 450 micrometer. The EDAX analysis disclosed elements such as silicon, iodine, chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, aluminum, calcium, chlorine, sodium, potassium and zinc in the particles.

Angiography↗
PubMed1976

Method for determination and element analysis of particulate contamination in injectable solutions.

A method for sampling and evaluating the chemical and physical composition of particles in injectable solutions was developed. The technique facilitates detection of the particles' sources and possible medical hazards. Particles exceeding 0.2 mum are collected on a membrane filter sized for direct application in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The sampling device shortens the distance between filter and solution and minimizes contamination from the filter holder. Following coating of the membrane filter with gold, the particles are counted by screening at a magnification of 5,000 x in the SEM. Both unused membrane filters and filters through which a solution of 0.9% sodium chloride had been passed were analyzed. X-ray analysis of particles on the clean filter revealed silicon, aluminum (artifact from the stud) and calcium. X-ray analysis of the filter after passage of 1 liter normal saline revealed chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, aluminum (from study), calcium chlorine, sodium and silicon. Recommendations for standard procedures for particle detection in large-volume injectables are given.

Drug Contamination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Housing, hygiene, and health; a study in old residential areas in Copenhagen.

The effect of 109 social, medical, housing, and hygienic factors on morbidity of 2,096 individuals was studied in 881 apartments in Copenhagen. "Thriving" (satisfaction), followed by "housing standard" and "personal hygiene," turned out to be the most prominent predictor for health. "Thriving of parents" was also important for the health of children. Excluding "thriving" in the analyses, "housing standard" and "personal hygiene" or components of these group factors were the important predictors for the health of the population studied, except for children below 3 years of age. For the health of these, the number of rooms used for sleeping purposes was the best predictor. The only other parameter found to influence the morbidities investigated was the total yearly income of the family, which was found to be a secondary predictor for adult morbidity during the last month of the investigation (March 1973). The analyses applies were Pearson correlation, AID-program, factor and multiple regression analyses.

Adolescent↗