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O Young

Publications and source records attributed to O Young.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Evaluation of the impact of transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy on patients with palmar hyperhydrosis.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the impact of transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy (TES) on the quality of life of patients with palmar hyperhydrosis. DESIGN: A retrospective questionnaire based study. METHODS: Patients undergoing TES at our institution between 1997 and 2002 received a SF-36 quality of life postal questionnaire. The pre- and post-operative symptoms were assessed. Statistical analysis was by means of the Student's t test. RESULTS: Ninety-four TES were carried out in 62 patients. Forty-one cases were female. The age range was 17-64 years. The mean follow-up period was 38.46 months. Mean hospital stay was 3 days. Compensatory hyperhydrosis was reported in 29 cases and only considered severe in four cases (9.7%). Forty-one patients replied to the questionnaire (66%). The overall quality of life (as assessed by the SF-36 form) was unanimously improved (p<0.0009) and demonstrated significant improvements in social functioning (p<0.0002), physical role limitations (p<0.0007), emotional well-being (p<0.0007) and overall energy levels (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: TES resulted in significant improvements inpatient's overall quality of life, social and emotional functioning. The procedure is associated with minimal morbidity and only a short inpatient stay is required. Patients should be cautioned on the possibility of compensatory hyperhydrosis which may occur in a small number of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Chronic osteomyelitis mimicking sarcoma.

This report describes a rare case of chronic osteomyelitis in a 60 year old man mimicking a soft tissue sarcoma. Chronic osteomyelitis is an infrequent cause of a soft tissue mass and is usually diagnosed clinically by a combination of radiology and microbiology. Rarely, COM can mimic a primary bony neoplasm, but this is the first reported case where it mimicked a soft tissue sarcoma. The clinical, radiological, and histological appearances of this case will be discussed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Induction of epitopes associated with neurofibrillary tangles in clonal mouse neuroblastoma (S20Y) cells.

Accumulation of paired helical filaments (PHF) in neurofibrillary tangles is a key neuropathological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, PHF have been found primarily in humans. Cultured murine cholinergic neuroblastoma (S20Y) cells, following exposure to a serum-free medium or a differentiation medium, developed immunoreactivity to anti-PHF antibodies, and to the Alz-50 by immunocytochemical and immunoblot analyses. Electron microscopic examination revealed abundant fascicles of 10-nm filaments coursing tortuously amongst organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and dense-core vesicles, in perikarya and in neuritic extensions. However, subcellular structures identical or similar to PHF could not be found in these non-human cells. This convenient cell culture model may prove to be useful for studying certain aspects of the mechanisms underlying the abnormal cytoskeletal alterations which are characteristic of AD and related neurodegenerative disorders.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Expression in cultured human neuroblastoma cells of epitopes associated with affected neurons in Alzheimer's disease.

Of three human neuroblastoma lines tested, IMR32K (and IMR32 parental line) was the only cell line that, after its exposure to a differentiation medium, consistently developed materials recognized immunocytochemically by a panel of antibodies against paired helical filaments (PHF). Ultrastructurally, these cells accumulated, at their perikarya and neuritic extensions, spatially discrete arrays of fibrils, which occasionally occurred in twisted pairs. When these fibrillar structures appeared as paired helices, they exhibited dimensions and configurations reminiscent of PHF found in affected Alzheimer neurons, although less compact. Immunoelectron microscope examinations of the fibrillar structures in these neuroblastoma cells with one of these anti-PHF immunoprobes revealed that only subsets of fibrillar structures that appeared thickened or aggregated to form bundles were selectively immunolabeled. Cultures of these immortal neuroblastoma lines may provide a convenient model for studying aspects of PHF formation that are hard to examine in Alzheimer brain obtained at autopsy.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1983

Regulation of calcium-regulating hormones by exogenous sex steroids in early postmenopause.

A major function of calcitonin in humans appears to be maintenance of the skeleton. There is a marked sex difference in circulating calcitonin levels: women have much lower levels. This has led to speculation that calcitonin lack may be one factor involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal bone loss. We have measured levels of calcitonin and the other major calcium-regulating hormones in healthy women during the early menopause, and studied the effects of reversing their oestrogen deficiency with natural and synthetic oestrogen. The major findings were that calcitonin levels were increased by oestrogen administration (P less than 0.02-less than 0.001) and that the levels of the bone-resorbing hormones, parathyroid hormone and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, were not higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. We suggest that loss of oestrogen at the menopause accelerates the natural age-related decline of calcitonin secretion, thus further decreasing the calcitonin levels. This leads to increased sensitivity of the skeleton to the actions of the bone-resorbing hormones. It seems likely that the well-known effect of oestrogen in preventing postmenopausal bone loss is achieved, at least in part, by enhancement of calcitonin secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A controlled trial of naproxen sodium for relief of pain associated with Vabra suction curettage.

In a double-blind study naproxen sodium (550 mg), or placebo was administered 1 h before Vabra curettage and pain associated with the procedure was assessed immediately after operation and 30, 60 and 120 min later by visual analogue and verbal rating scales, and the McGill pain questionnaire. The pre-curettage anxiety of the patients was assessed by the Spielberger state anxiety inventory. Of the 58 patients, 51 (87.9%) reported pain during the procedure; there was no relation between the level of pain experienced and the pre-curettage anxiety score. Compared with the placebo group, the pain experienced by the naproxen group was significantly less as measured by the McGill pain questionnaire immediately after curettage, and by visual analogue scales 30 and 60 min after the procedure. The verbal rating scales showed that naproxen significantly reduced backache 30 min after curettage, and cramp immediately after the procedure and 30 and 60 min later but did not reduce the severity of the pain associated with the procedure.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1981

Interrelations of calcium-regulating hormones during normal pregnancy.

Profound changes in calcium metabolism occur during pregnancy. The mother has to make available extra calcium for fetal requirements while ensuring that her plasma and bone calcium concentrations are satisfactorily maintained. In a cross-sectional study plasma concentrations of the major calcium-regulating hormones--namely, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D)--were measured to establish their interrelations during normal pregnancy. The major changes observed were increases in the circulating concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D and calcitonin. Concentrations of parathyroid hormone and 25-OHD remained within the normal range. The increased concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D enable the increased physiological need for calcium to be met by enhancing intestinal absorption of this element. The simultaneous rise in calcitonin opposes the bone-resorbing activities of 1,25-(OH)2D, thereby protecting the integrity of the maternal skeleton. Maternal calcium homeostasis is thus maintained yet the requirements of the fetus are fulfilled.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2↗
PubMed1981

Calcitonin and the calcium-regulating hormones in postmenopausal women: effect of oestrogens.

In man, the major function of calcitonin appears to be prevention of excessive or unwanted bone resorption. There is a striking sex difference in circulating levels, with a relative deficiency in women. Calcitonin secretion in young adults is increased by oestrogens and therefore long periods of oestrogen lack, such as after the menopause, may be associated with a more pronounced calcitonin deficiency. This exaggerated deficiency could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal bone loss, especially since the latter may be due to excessive bone resorption. In a study of the effects of oestrogen treatment on circulating levels of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin-D metabolites in postmenopausal women, the most striking change was a sharp rise in plasma-calcitonin. Oestrogens prevent postmenopausal bone loss, and it is suggested that this effect could be mediated, at least in part, through control of calcitonin secretion. Calcitonin may prove effective in the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss, and it is suggested that this effect could be mediated, at least in part, through control of calcitonin secretion. Calcitonin may prove effective in the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss. Its place in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis warrants further evaluation.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Psychological aspects of Vabra curettage in menopause clinics.

A study has examined the psychological reactions toward undergoing Vabra curettage in a menopause clinic. An unselected sample of women (n = 30) were assessed pre and post the procedure on a number of pain, stress and attitudinal measures. The results document the pain experienced with this procedure. A range of anxiety levels was evident, with in some cases pronounced anxiety identified. In spite of these negative experiences, attitudes were generally positive towards subsequent curettage and the majority of women were aware of the objectives of this procedure. The results suggest the possibility of attempting to reduce discomfort and anxiety levels. This could be accomplished by psychologically or pharmacologically preparing the patient. The present study offers a model whereby such interventions could be evaluated.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1981

The absorption and metabolism of oral oestradiol, oestrone and oestriol.

The absorption, metabolism and clearance of oestradiol, oestrone and oestriol from the peripheral circulation were investigated in five postmenopausal women after the oral administration of Hormonin (oestradiol 600 micrograms, oestrone 1400 micrograms, oestriol 270 micrograms) daily for five consecutive days. In addition the concentrations of plasma oestrone-3-sulphate, oestrone-3-glucuronide, LH and FSH were determined in the same plasma samples. The maximum concentration of each steroid in peripheral plasma and the time intervals during which the peak occurred after ingestion of the last tablet were: -oestrone (750 to 2116 pmol/l, 0.5 to 6.0 hours), oestradiol (246 to 813 pmol/l, 1 to 8 hours), oestriol (173 to 241 pmol/l, 5 to 12 hours), oestrone-3-glucuronide (32.2 to 78.8 nmol/l, 0.5 to 3.0 hours) and oestrone-3-sulphate (21.9 to 39.0 nmol/l, 1 to 7 hours). The mean factorial increases in the concentration of each compound during the first 12 hours post-treatment over the baseline values were: -oestrone (4.1); oestradiol (4.4); oestriol (1.7); oestrone-3-sulphate (2.6) and oestrone-3-glucuronide (8.1). After treatment, the concentration of plasma oestradiol remained significantly higher than the baseline values (p less than 0.025) for 24 hours and the values for each subject were within the normal range of premenopausal women. Moreover, there was a significant reduction (p less than 0.025) in the level of circulating LH. It is concluded that the simultaneous administration of oestrone, oestradiol and oestriol, by mouth, to postmenopausal women is a good approach to maintaining an appropriate concentration of oestradiol in peripheral plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dose-dependent effects of synthetic progestins on the biochemistry of the estrogenized post-menopausal endometrium.

Symptomatic post-menopausal women were treated with conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin; Ayerst International) 1.25 mg daily, continuously, adding either norethisterone (Primolut N; Schering Chemicals) 1, 2.5, 5 or 10 mg daily or D/L norgestrel (Wyeth Laboratories) 150 or 500 micrograms daily for 10 days each calendar month. Endometrial biopsies were obtained during estrogen therapy alone and on the 6th day of combined estrogen/progestin administration. Sensitive biochemical indices of estrogen and progestogenic activities were measured in th endometrial samples. These included measurements of DNA synthesis in epithelium and stroma by tritiated thymidine autoradiography; nuclear estradiol receptor content, and the activities of estradiol 17 beta and isocitric dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatase. Low dosages of progestins achieved maximal biochemical effects and the larger doses failed to enhance these responses. It is concluded that the dosages of progestins currently added in post-menopausal estrogen therapy are greatly in excess of those necessary to suppress endometrial proliferation effectively; lowering the daily progestin dosage is unlikely to result in any lessening of this protective effect and will probably reduce the incidence of side effects, as these appear to be dose-dependent.

Cell Nucleus↗