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Biomedical subjects

O van der Hart

Publications and source records attributed to O van der Hart.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The first report of hypnotic treatment of traumatic grief: a brief communication.

In 1813 the Dutch physicians Wolthers, Hendriksz, De Waal, and Bakker reported the hypnotic treatment of a woman suffering from traumatic grief, in which the therapist had to deal directly with the patient's spontaneous reenactments of the circumstances surrounding the death. This report, summarized in the present article, has historical value, as it is probably the first known precursor of the uncovering hypnotic approach. The original authors' views on the case are discussed, and a modern view for understanding the patient's traumatic grief and its treatment is presented.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Paradise regained: "miraculous healing" in an Israeli psychiatric clinic.

The articulation of the experience of distress in terms of prevailing cultural idioms is deemed a crucially important factor in the effectiveness of healing devices across the globe. This curative factor, however, is not easily attainable in multicultural settings where therapist and patient do not share the same world view or explanatory models. In the following case presentation we report a culturally sensitive employment of strategic therapy with an ultra-orthodox psychiatric patient in Jerusalem. Despite the enormous cultural gap between the parties, the therapists were sufficiently sensitive to the patient's mythic world to enable him to recast his traumatic experiences in the mold of key idioms of his cultural background. These idioms were amplified by providing the patient with a myth-congruent metaphor and manipulated to afford a dramatic resolution of his emotional conflict. In what follows we discuss the setting of the therapy, the patient's background and diagnosis and the course of treatment. Following a verbatim account of the last therapeutic session, in which the patient's self-reconstitution had been completed, we discuss the cultural idioms synthesized in the text and the pertinence of hypnotic and metaphoric therapies to multicultural settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hypnotherapy for traumatic grief: janetian and modern approaches integrated.

Traumatic grief occurs when psychological trauma obstructs mourning. Nosologically, it is related to pathological grief and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therapeutic advances from both fields make it clear that the trauma per se must be accessed before mourning can proceed. The gamut of psychotherapies has been employed, but hypnosis appears to be the most specific. Pierre Janet provided a remarkably modern conceptual basis for diagnosis and treatment based on a dissociation model. His approach is combined with contemporary innovations to present a systematic and integrated account of hypnotherapy for traumatic grief.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Summoning a punishing angel: treatment of a depressed patient with dissociative features.

The authors describe their treatment of a 24-year-old repentant, extremely observant Jewish man with major depressive disorder who complained of persecution by a personal angel. The therapists initiated a culturally sensitive psychotherapy of the patient, enacting a ritual summoning of the angel that resulted in the angel's transformation into an ally. The authors discuss the relationship of the patient's symptomatology to pathological mourning, trance, and dissociation. They advocate the use of a strategic combination of culture-specific concepts with modern psychiatric approaches in similar cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pierre Janet and the breakdown of adaptation in psychological trauma.

In this reappraisal of the work of Pierre Janet at the centenary of the publication of L'automatisme psychologique, the authors review his investigations into the mental processes that transform traumatic experiences into psychopathology. Janet was the first to systematically study dissociation as the crucial psychological process with which the organism reacts to overwhelming experiences and show that traumatic memories may be expressed as sensory perceptions, affect states, and behavioral reenactments. Janet provided a broad framework that unifies into a larger perspective the various approaches to psychological functioning which have developed along independent lines in this century. Today his integrated approach may help clarify the interrelationships among such diverse topics as memory processes, state-dependent learning, dissociative reactions, and posttraumatic psychopathology.

Combat Disorders↗