Biomedical subjects

Ole Peters

Publications and source records attributed to Ole Peters.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Self-organized criticality and absorbing states: lessons from the Ising model.

We investigate a suggested path to self-organized criticality. Originally, this path was devised to "generate criticality" in systems displaying an absorbing-state phase transition, but nothing in its definition forbids the mechanism to be used in any other continuous phase transition. We used the Ising model as well as the Manna model to demonstrate how the finite-size scaling exponents depend on the tuning of driving and dissipation rates with system size. Our findings limit the explanatory power of the mechanism as it is to nonuniversal critical behavior, suggesting that the explanation of self-organized criticality in terms of absorbing-state phase transitions is incomplete.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Avalanche behavior in an absorbing state Oslo model.

Self-organized criticality can be translated into the language of absorbing state phase transitions. Most models for which this analogy is established have been investigated for their absorbing state characteristics. In this paper, we transform the self-organized critical Oslo model into an absorbing state Oslo model and analyze the avalanche behavior. We find that the resulting gap exponent D is consistent with its value in the self-organized critical model. For the avalanche size exponent tau an analysis of the effect of the external drive and the boundary conditions is required.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Rain: relaxations in the sky.

We demonstrate how, from the point of view of energy flow through an open system, rain is analogous to many other relaxational processes in nature such as earthquakes. By identifying rain events as the basic entities of the phenomenon, we show that the number density of rain events per year is inversely proportional to the released water column raised to the power of 1.4. This is the rain equivalent of the Gutenberg-Richter law for earthquakes. The event durations and the waiting times between events are also characterized by scaling regions, where no typical time scale exists. The Hurst exponent of the rain intensity signal H=0.76>0.5. It is valid in the temporal range from minutes up to the full duration of the signal of half a year. All of our findings are consistent with the concept of self-organized criticality, which refers to the tendency of slowly driven nonequilibrium systems towards a state of scale-free behavior.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2001

A complexity view of rainfall.

We show that rain events are analogous to a variety of nonequilibrium relaxation processes in Nature such as earthquakes and avalanches. Analysis of high-resolution rain data reveals that power laws describe the number of rain events versus size and number of droughts versus duration. In addition, the accumulated water column displays scale-less fluctuations. These statistical properties are the fingerprints of a self-organized critical process and may serve as a benchmark for models of precipitation and atmospheric processes.

Climate↗