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Biomedical subjects

Olivier Richard

Publications and source records attributed to Olivier Richard.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of methylprednisolone and ketoprofen after multiple third molar extraction: a randomized controlled study.

In a prospective, double blind, and randomized study, we compared methylprednisolone and ketoprofen after anesthesia for multiple third molar extraction. In addition to paracetamol, 90 patients were allocated to receive intravenously either ketoprofen 100 mg or methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg. Severity of pain was measured with visual analogue scale (VAS) in recovery room. Sixty-three percent of patients receiving methylprednisolone had a VAS score <30 mm compared with 42% of those receiving ketoprofen (P = 0.04), with no difference in the consumption of morphine. We observed only marginal difference between methylprednisolone and ketoprofen to relieve pain after this surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Long-term radiological findings following reconstruction of the condyle with fibular free flaps.

AIM: Fibular bone grafts are considered as one of the best choices for reconstruction of the condyle. However, little data are available on bone remodelling after such reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term radiological outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven patients underwent condylar reconstruction with a free fibular transplant. In all cases the end of the fibular graft was placed into the glenoid fossa under the intact temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc. Evaluation consisted of digital width and length measurement of the end of the fibula on panorex studies. RESULTS: Remodelling of the end of the neocondyle was found and consisted of rounding off and narrowing of the end of the transplant. CONCLUSION: The most likely explanation for these changes is the fact that the TMJ disc was preserved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The major histocompatibility complex origin.

The present review focuses on the history of genes involved in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), with a special emphasis on class I function in peptide presentation. The MHC class II story is covered in less detail, as it does not have a major impact on the general understanding of the MHC evolution. We first redefine the MHC as the definition evolved over time. We then use phylogenetic analysis to investigate the history of genes involved in the MHC class I process. As not all the genes involved in this process have been phylogenetically analyzed and because new sequences have been recently released in biological databases, we have re-investigated this matter. In the light of the phylogenetic analysis, the functions of the orthologs of the genes involved in MHC processes are examined in species not having an MHC system. We then demonstrate that the emergence of this new function is due to various levels of co-option.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to the sudden interruption of caval flow: insights from a prospective study of hepatic vascular exclusion during major liver resections.

UNLABELLED: Hepatic vascular exclusion (HVE) combines portal triad clamping and occlusion of the inferior vena cava. Although HVE has been performed for major liver resections during the last 2 decades, little is known about the mechanisms that explain its satisfactory hemodynamic tolerance. Consequently, we performed a comprehensive study of both hemodynamic and hormone responses to HVE. Twenty-two patients who underwent liver resection for secondary tumors developed in noncirrhotic livers were prospectively studied. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, mixed venous saturation, cardiac output, and left ventricular dimensions determined by transesophageal echocardiography were monitored in HVE patients. Blood concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP), epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and atrial natriuretic peptide and plasma renin activity (PRA) were measured before clamping; 5, 15, and 30 min after clamping; and 15 min after unclamping. Hemodynamic response to HVE was characterized by a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in left ventricular dimensions, fractional area change, and pulmonary artery pressure. We also observed a marked decrease in cardiac output (50%) and an increase in heart rate and systemic vascular resistance. After unclamping, there was peripheral vasodilation, assessed by a significant decrease in systemic vascular resistance from the preclamping value to unclamping. An acute and sustained increase in AVP and norepinephrine that returned to baseline after unclamping and the absence of modification in PRA concentrations were noted. The marked decrease in venous return that characterizes HVE is compensated for by an increase in vascular resistance secondary to an important activation of the AVP and sympathetic systems. The PRA system does not play an important role in maintaining arterial blood pressure during HVE. IMPLICATIONS: Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to the acute interruption of caval venous return to the heart were investigated in patients undergoing liver resection with hepatic vascular exclusion. A compensatory role for arginine vasopressin and sympathetic systems that provoked increased vascular resistance was demonstrated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Augmentation of cheek bone contour using malar osteotomy.

Patients with a narrow face have often a defect in expansion of the maxillary-malar complex. A malar osteotomy, separating the malar-zygomatic complex from the orbit and the maxilla, allows an anterolateral cheek projection when performing an external rotation. This technique changes facial contour and improves facial aesthetics. During the past 5 years, 18 malar osteotomies have been performed; the external rotation was stabilized with interposed coral graft in six patients and with interposed bone graft fixed by a miniplate or with a stainless steel wire in 12 patients. Simultaneously septoplasty was performed in five patients, rhinoplasty in 13 patients, and genioplasty in two patients. Six patients had a face and neck lift, one patient had a forehead lift, and one patient had onlay iliac crest bone graft to treat atrophic maxillary alveolar ridges prior to implant placement. Stability was defined after 1 year follow-up. The increase in projection was correlated to the size of the graft. At least 5 mm were necessary to have cheek modification. Mucous inflammation, maxillary sinusitis, and relapse were observed with the use of interposed coral graft, but no complications were observed with bone graft. Malar osteotomy is a simple and safe procedure; it allows an anterolateral cheek projection and seems to be effective for treating transverse midface deficiency.

Adult↗