Biomedical subjects

Orhan Ozturan

Publications and source records attributed to Orhan Ozturan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Contralateral normal ear after mastoid surgery: evaluation by otoacoustic emissions (mastoid drilling and hearing loss).

Mastoid drilling can cause transient hearing loss in the contralateral normal hearing ear. A study was designed to evaluate hearing in the contralateral normal ear before and after the mastoid surgery in a longitudinal manner and find out the duration of this temporary hearing loss. Twenty-two patients requiring mastoid surgery in their diseased ears, having contralateral normal ear were included. Pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) were utilized for baseline evaluation. OAEs were repeated during the immediate postoperative period and daily up to the 6th postoperative day. The amplitudes of the OAEs of contralateral normal ears were found affected immediately after surgery and progressive improvement was detected with full recovery at 72-96 h. None of the patients had permanent deterioration in OAE amplitudes. The burs used during mastoid surgery can cause temporary hearing threshold changes in the contralateral ears. This adverse effect recovers spontaneously within 72-96 h postoperatively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Auditory brainstem response in pediatric migraine: during the attack and asymptomatic period.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing parameters of children with migraine during ictal and interictal period. METHOD: 16 pediatric patients with migraine and normal otolaryngologic examination were evaluated. Hearing parameters were assessed with auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing between and during the migraine attacks. Binaural absolute latencies of waves I, III and V, interpeak latencies I-III, III-V and I-V of ABR in response to 80 dB nHL clicks were calculated. Initial findings were compared with those of 20 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Peak latencies of wave V and interpeak latencies of I-V were prolonged during the attack in migraineurs on the left. The side of latency elongation was not affected by the side of headache. When these parameters were separately compared for gender, they were prolonged in boys during the attack in migraineurs; however in girls, while there was statistically significant difference at interpeak latencies of I-V, no significant difference was noted at peak latencies of wave V. CONCLUSIONS: ABR waves did not exceed clinical norms in migraine patients in headache-free period. But, important effects on sensorineural hearing parameters were detected during the attack. Our results indicated a transient impairment of the auditory brainstem function during the headache in pediatric migraine patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Histopathologic examination for Helicobacter pylori as a possible etiopathogenic factor in laryngeal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the presence of Helicobacter pylori in laryngeal cancer specimens to reveal whether or not this is a risk factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. METHODS: Sixty-nine total laryngectomy specimens with the pathologic diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma and 30 laryngeal tissue samples that had been taken for the investigation of nonneoplastic (polyp, nodule) diseases were studied. Specimens of both tumor and control groups were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and modified Giemsa stains, and then they were examined under a light microscope. RESULTS: In both groups, H. pylori could not be found in any of the cases. CONCLUSION: The histologic examination of our series did not reveal any clue related to the possible etiologic association between H. pylori and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Internal nasal valve: revisited with objective facts.

OBJECTIVES: Comprehensive examination of the internal nasal valve (INV) using objective methods. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: In this prospective study, 248 nasal cavities were examined by nasal endoscopy, acoustic rhinometry (ARM), and rhinomanometry (RMM). RESULTS: Endoscopic examination allowed to suggest a novel classification of INV: convex, concave, sharp angle, blunt angle, twisted caudal border, and angle occupied by the septal body. The INV angle occupied with septal body type was found to have increased nasal resistances compared with the sharp-angled internal nasal valve type (P < 0.05). Convex, concave, and sharp-angle types of INV angles were found different (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: INV should be examined objectively before any INV surgery. A novel description of the INV configurations and their effects on nasal respiration found in this study may increase our understanding and lead surgical approaches more adequately. A surgical attempt to augment INV angle value may impact positively on nasal resistance. EBM RATING: C-4.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Effect of nasal septal deviation on total ethmoid cell volume.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nasal septal deviation (NSD) on ethmoid cell volume and to determine whether there was any correlation between NSD grade and ethmoid cell volume. METHODS: Forty computerized tomography (CT) scans from patients with rhinosinusitis symptoms with NSD were evaluated. Septal deviations were classified into three groups according to the degree of deviation on CT. Ethmoid cell volumes were measured and the relationship between NSD and ethmoid cell volume was investigated. RESULTS: There was a moderate but significant negative correlation between the septal deviation angle and the percentage of the ethmoid cell volumes (p = 0.001, r = -0.5152, r2 = 0.2654). Total ethmoid cell volume on the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side was found to decrease as the degree of NSD increased. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal septal deviation affects the total ethmoid cell volume of the nasal cavity. The results of our study underline the role of ethmoid cell volume in the compensation mechanism equalizing the nasal cavity airflow changes due to NSD.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

In vitro efficacy of the successive or staggered use of eardrops.

Chronic suppurative otitis media is still a significant health problem. Several topical agents such as antibacterials, steroids and acid media eardrops are widely used alone or in combination to control active otorrhea and obtain a dry ear. Patients frequently ask if there is any benefit or loss in the effect of these due to their use in a successive or staggered manner. This question led us to design this in vitro study to investigate the effect of the acetic acid solution and dexamethasone sodium phosphate on the antimicrobial effects of some ototopical antibiotics during their successive or staggered usage. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli were used for testing the antimicrobial activities of the selected antibiotic drops. Six microliters of acetic acid solution and dexamethasone sodium phosphate were used alone or together with 6 microl each of ciprofloxacin HCl, tobramycin and ofloxacin solution. Drops were placed on Whatman no. 1 paper disks with a diameter of 6 mm, and the disks were placed onto Mueller-Hinton agar plates on which bacteria had been swabbed over the entire surface. After overnight incubation of the plates at 35 degrees C, the diameters of the inhibition zones were recorded. There was no antibacterial effect in response to either acid solution or dexamethasone used alone. The inhibition zones of the antibiotics did not change with either steroid or acid media solution added onto the antibiotic disks alone or together. Acid solution or steroids should be preferred to use in combination with antibacterial otic drugs in in-vivo settings; no negative or positive effects were seen in in-vitro conditions. Therefore, prescribed eardrops can be used in a successive or staggered manner without any influence on the treatment results.

Acetic Acid↗

PubMed2005

Anthropometric growth study of auricle of healthy preterm and term newborns.

OBJECTIVE: Auricular abnormalities are important for early diagnosis of the birth defects in the prematures and newborns. Auricular antropometric studies in healthy premature and mature population depend on their gestational age are limited and insufficient. The aims of this study were to reveal antropometric growth and dynamics of the auricle in the healthy newborns from the 28th to the 42nd gestation weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 600 newborns were evaluated in 40 groups. Each group comprising 20 preterm or term newborns according to their sexes and gestational weeks. Six surface dimensions were performed directly from the right ears of the subjects: the length from the superaurale to subaurale, the width from the tragus to helix, the width from the tragus to antihelix, the conchal depth, the distance from the helix to mastoid at superaural level and the distance from the helix to mastoid at tragal level. The frequency of the prominent ear deformity and lobule attachment were also noted. RESULTS: The results of auricular antropometric measurements of healthy preterm and term newborns in different gestational weeks were to determined. No statistical differences of auricular length were found between male and female infants. The incidence of the prominent ear deformity and attached lobule was 8.16 and 27.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Normal anthropometric features for healthy newborns on the basis of gestational age are very important for the diagnosis of a variety of congenital malformations or syndromes. In this study, antropometric measurements of the auricle in the healthy preterm and term newborns on the basis of gestational age in our region were noted. Similar anthropometric studies in the preterm and term newborns at different geographic and various socioeconomic areas should be performed to constitute normative data in the literature.

Anthropometry↗

PubMed2005

The protective effect of erdosteine against ototoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats.

The elimination of cisplatin ototoxicity is an ongoing concern. This experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effect of oral erdosteine in ameliorating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Twenty-eight adult female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group A received an oral carrier vehicle of the drug erdosteine with 0.2 ml of 0.9% saline. Group B was administered only erdosteine (per oral 10 mg/kg twice a day) for 6 days. Group C was injected with cisplatin intraperitoneally (i.p.) on day 0 (16 mg/kg body weight), once only. Group D was given erdosteine (per oral 10 mg/kg/day) 1 day before and for 5 days consecutively after cisplatin injection (16 mg/kg, i.p.). Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were elicited in different frequency regions, ranging from 1,001 to 6,299 Hz as DPgram and input/output (I/O) functions from the control and experimental animals. All experimental animals were killed under general anesthesia on day 5, following the last otoacoustic emission measurements. Prior to death, blood samples were drawn for measurement of superoxide dismutase, xanthine oxidase (XO), malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Initial DPgram and I/O function baseline measurements were similar in all groups prior to any drug administration ( P>0.05). On day 5, intra-subject measurement parameters of DPgrams and I/O functions in the cisplatin group showed significant deterioration ( P <0.05). The other groups revealed no differences between their pre- and post-test drug administration DPgrams and I/O functions at any test frequency ( P>0.05). Comparison of the amplitudes of DPgrams and I/O functions between the cisplatin and control groups showed significant changes ( P <0.05). Biochemical studies noted an increased XO activity following cisplatin administration ( P <0.007). The other biochemical results did not show significant differences between the study and control groups. This study demonstrates that, in rats, erdosteine is protective for cochlear function against the disruptive effects of cisplatin as measured by DPOAEs.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Objective evaluation of the effects of intravenous lidocaine on tinnitus.

OBJECTIVE: Tinnitus is one of the most common and distressing otological symptoms. Although numerous therapeutic modalities have been tried, there is no consensus regarding effective therapeutic agents up to now. The effects of lidocaine on tinnitus have been reported in literature using either subjective or audiologic tests. Nevertheless, the otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) have not been utilized to demonstrate lidocaine's effect on the cochlea in the English literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lidocaine on tinnitus by considering the alterations with tinnitus, it induces on OAEs and subjective symptoms. METHODS: This study was performed in 30 patients with tinnitus. Twenty-eight of the patients had normal hearing and two of them evidenced mild sensorineural hearing loss. To determine the severity of tinnitus, the patients were required to fill out a tinnitus scoring scale before lidocaine infusion on the same day. Then, lidocaine was administered intravenously to each patient at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg body weight over a period of 30 min. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured three times; namely before lidocaine injection, at 25 min after injection and on the next day. The severity of tinnitus was scored again 1 d, 1 wk and 1 mo after lidocaine administration. RESULTS: Immediately after infusion, four patients (13.3%) declared total suppression of tinnitus, whereas three patients (10%) reported only partial relief in tinnitus subjectively. The patients, who had a subjective improved response (group 1) were compared with the patients, who had no response (group 2). Statistically significant changes (p<0.05) in DPOAE response/growth or input/output (I/O) functions were observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz frequencies in lidocaine responders and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kHz frequencies in no responders at different primary stimulus levels. Statistically significant changes (p<0.05) were seen at 2 kHz for 53 dB and at 3 kHz for 62 dB SPL primaries in both groups. When the significant results of these two groups were compared with each other, differences were found insignificant. CONCLUSION: Systematic OAE measurements revealed that no changes occurred in SOAE and DPOAE levels in that alterations disappeared the next day. Subjective relief from tinnitus was stated in some of the patients and lasted for 4 wk at longest.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed2005

Detection of HCV-RNA in cerumen of chronically HCV-infected patients.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Viral hepatitis C is a worldwide public health problem. Hepatitis C virus is mainly transmitted by parenteral or percutaneous route. Nonparenteral transmission, such as through sexual activity, household contact, and vertical or perinatal exposure to body fluids or secretions, can occur, which has been studied before. Cerumen, however, has not been investigated for its ability to transmit hepatitis C virus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of cerumen in transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. STUDY DESIGN: This study was performed on 35 patients with confirmed chronic hepatitis C virus infection. METHODS: Thirty-five cerumen specimens collected from the patients with hepatitis C virus RNA in their sera were prospectively analyzed for the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: None of the 35 cerumen specimens were positive for hepatitis C virus RNA. CONCLUSION: This study showed that cerumen has no risk for transmission of hepatitis C virus infection, even in patients with high hepatitis C virus RNA serum levels; however, standard infection control precautions should be applied carefully in all examinations and surgical operations of the ears.

Body Fluids↗

PubMed2005

[Laser assisted eustachian tuboplasty: a case report].

Surgical treatment of eustachian tube dysfunction is still challenging. Placement of a transtympanic ventilation tube may not be successful and may require multiple applications. We presented a 47-year-old male patient with chronic recurrent otitis media with effusion and retraction due to eustachian tube dysfunction, in whom the number of previous transtympanic tube insertions amounted to 18. He underwent laser assisted eustachian tuboplasty in both ears with endoscopic guidance under general anesthesia. The mucosal, submucosal, and partially the cartilaginous tissues in the posterior pillow of the nasopharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube were ablated by Nd:YAG and holmium:YAG laser. Following surgery, air conduction thresholds decreased from 37 dB to 22 dB, and from 38 dB to 33 dB for the right and left ears, respectively. The preoperative tympanogram curve, which was of type B for both ears was found as type C-1 on the right side, and type C-2 on the left. Limited improvement seen in the left ear was ascribed to insufficient ablation of the posterior pillow of the eustachian tube. No complications were encountered within a follow-up of 12 months.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed2004

Dose-dependent dual effect of melatonin on ototoxicity induced by amikacin in adult rats.

The aim of this animal study was to reveal the dose-dependent effects of melatonin on aminoglycoside ototoxicity by utilizing distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Forty-four adult (aged 12 months) rats were divided into five groups. Rats of the control group (group C) were injected with vehicle, while the melatonin group (group M) received melatonin (4 mg/kg per day); there were four rats in each of these groups. The study groups consisted of 12 rats per group, and they were treated as follows: 600 mg/kg per day amikacin (group A), amikacin plus a low dose (0.4 mg/kg per day) melatonin (group AML) and amikacin plus high dose (4 mg/kg per day) melatonin (group AMH) for 14 days. During the serial measurements on days 0, 5, 10 and 15, the DPOAE results of groups C,M and AML were not significantly changed. Amikacin ototoxicity findings for input/output (I/O) functions were detected on the 3rd measurement of the study in group A. High-dose melatonin clearly enhanced and accelerated amikacin-induced ototoxicity. The DP-gram amplitudes and I/O amplitudes were reduced, and I/O thresholds were increased in group AMH. Group AMH was the group that was affected the most and earliest by amikacin. Our study results showed that while low-dose melatonin protected the inner ear from ototoxicity, high dose melatonin facilitated amikacin-induced ototoxicity, possibly via the vasodilatory effect, leading to an increased accumulation of amikacin in the inner ear. Probably, the protective effect of the melatonin at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg per day is related to its antioxidant properties. Apparently, the vasodilatory effect of melatonin seems to be more prominent than its antioxidant effect in high doses.

Amikacin↗

PubMed2004

Does cerumen have a risk for transmission of hepatitis B?

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a significant worldwide health problem. It affects 350 to 400 million people. The patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection have a significant risk for the development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Full awareness of the mechanisms of transmission can allows susceptible individuals to refrain from this infection. Cerumen has never been studied as a route for hepatitis B transmission. The aim of the study was evaluate the importance of cerumen in transmission of hepatitis B virus infection. STUDY DESIGN: This study was performed on forty patients with confirmed hepatitis B virus infection. METHODS: Forty cerumen specimens collected from the patients with hepatitis B virus DNA in their sera were prospectively analyzed for the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Eleven of 40 cerumen specimens (27.5%) were positive for hepatitis B virus DNA, with counts ranging from 4.2 x 10 to 4.7 x 10 copies per sample. There was positive correlation between hepatitis B virus DNA concentrations of serum and cerumen. Half of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients had detectable hepatitis B virus DNA levels (5.7 x 10 to 4.7 x 10 copies) in cerumen specimens, whereas 12.5% of cerumen specimens from anti-HBe-positive patients had hepatitis B virus DNA levels (4.2 x 10 to 7.0 x 10 copies). CONCLUSION: Cerumen can be a potential source of transmission. Therefore, this route should be investigated in further studies for horizontal, nosocomial, and occupational transmission of hepatitis B.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

A radiological anatomic study of the cribriform plate compared with constant structures.

BACKGROUND: Understanding of the anterior skull base anatomy is crucial to avoid intracranial violations during endoscopic surgery. The aims of this study were to define the normative data about cribriform plate depth and the relationship between this dimension and the measurements of the adjacent anatomical structures such as middle turbinate length, maximal vertical orbital height and distance between the ethmoid roof and the nasal floor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Paranasal computerized tomographic scans of 136 healthy adults were included into the study. The cribriform plate depth compared to the ethmoid roof and the adjacent anatomical structures mentioned above were measured bilaterally. RESULTS: The maximal vertical orbital height was detected as the most constant anatomic measurement. We found the mean level difference between the ethmoid roof and the cribriform plate as 6.1 +/- 2.3 (range 1-12 mm) on the left side and 6.1 +/- 2.2 (1-15 mm) on the right side. The middle turbinate was significantly longer in the Keros Type I group than in the other groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, the distance between the ethmoid roof and the nasal floor was lowest in the Keros Type I group (p<0.01). The distance between the ethmoid roof and the nasal floor was statistically higher in Keros group 3 among all groups (p<0.01). The deeper the cribriform plate, the higher the nasal cavity. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, our study has a unique feature by including the data of the constant anatomical structures comparing with the cribriform plate depth. Since in the group with excessive cribriform plate depth, the middle turbinate was short, care should be taken especially during middle turbinate resections.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities and malondialdehyde levels in the sera of patients with head and neck carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: Clinical and epidemiological findings have provided evidence supporting a role of free radicals in the etiology of cancer. Scavengers and inhibitors of free radical processes have been demonstrated to prevent or delay the neoplastic process. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured in the sera of 35 patients with head and neck cancers and were compared to those of healthy control subjects. RESULTS: Serum adenosine deaminase activity was found to be significantly increased in the patient group (p<0.001). Compared to the control group, glutathione peroxidase and xanthine oxidase activities and malondialdehyde levels were slightly higher and serum superoxide dismutase activity was slightly lower in the patient group, with none reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that serum adenosine deaminase activity may be helpful in the diagnosis and follow-up of head and neck cancers. Further studies with a larger cohort of patients are needed to clarify the exact mechanism of adenosine deaminase elevation.

Adenosine Deaminase↗

PubMed2004

A report of four cases of acute mediastinitis occurring following tracheoesophageal puncture in laryngectomees.

Tracheoesophageal puncture is a simple procedure for speech rehabilitation of total laryngectomy patients. Despite its relative simplicity this is not an innocent technique without complications. The goal of this study was to determine the incidence of acute mediastinitis as an early postoperative complication related to this procedure and to present outcomes of non-surgical conservative management in this complication. Blom-Singer voice prosthesis was used for 51 secondary tracheoesophageal puncture procedures in 45 patients between 1994 and 2002 according to the technique described by Blom and Singer. In the postoperative period, four patients (7.8%) developed mediastinitis related to this procedure. Of these, one patient had iatrogenic perforation of the posterior esophageal wall. A false dissection plane occurred in the tracheo-esophageal party wall in three patients which subsequently resulted in mediastinitis. Mediastinitis was diagnosed by clinical and radiological findings. All of these patients required prolonged hospitalization, intravenous antibiotics, and chest tube insertion. Only one patient underwent major surgical procedure to treat this complication. In conclusion, tracheoesophageal puncture for voice restoration is now regarded as a routine procedure usually performed in outpatient conditions. However, our experience demonstrates that this technique may be associated with significant complications such as mediastinitis. If mediastinitis is recognised earlier, it may be treated with conservative measures in most of the cases.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Anthropometric growth study of normal human auricle.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to reveal the anthropometric growth of auricula from birth to the age of 18 years and to bring out the dynamics of ear growth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1552 children in 50 groups were evaluated. Six surface measurements were performed directly on the right auricle of the subjects: the length from the superaurale to subaurale, the width from the tragus to helix, the width from the tragus to antihelix, the conchal depth, the height from the helix to mastoid at superauraler level, and the height from the helix to mastoid at tragal level. The frequency of prominent ear deformity and the degree of attachment of the lobule were also noted. RESULTS: Vertical auricular growth was complete in girls at the age of 11 and in boys at the age of 12, whereas the auricular width from the tragus to helix, the height from the helix to mastoid at superauraler level and the height from the helix to mastoid at tragal level were found almost complete at the age of 6. The auricular width from the tragus to antihelix attained its full size at 6 months for girls and 12 months for boys. The conchal depth was found almost complete at the age of 5 in both sexes. The incidence of prominent ear deformity and attached lobule was 9.8 and 26.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Different ear growth pattern and maturation size from previously published reports are obtained in different populations. There is still need for future studies comparing populations with different social and ethnic background to interpret common knowledge about the size of the ear. This study gives dimensional information and the growth pattern of the auricle, and therefore may reveal important implications for the adequate timing of the surgical treatment of auricular deformity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Follow-up of 366 ears after tympanostomy tube insertion: why is it draining?

OBJECTIVE: Tympanostomy tube insertion is one of the most frequently performed procedures in otolaryngology. Complications, such as otorrhea, tympanosclerosis, and cholesteatoma, have been reported in the literature after its application. STUDY DESIGN: This study reports the complications encountered with 239 children (439 ears) with a follow-up of 7 to 73 months (median, 29 months) after tympanostomy tube insertion. Hearing results and middle ear pressures were compared and complications were noted in 366 ears that were available for the study. RESULTS: Otorrhea developed in 3 (0.8%) cases. Tympanosclerosis was seen in 74 (20.2%) cases. Tympanic membrane perforation, retraction pocket, granulation tissue, and atelectasis were seen in 4.6%, 5.2%, 1.1%, and 6%, respectively. No patients developed cholesteatoma after tube insertion. Hearing results were improved postoperatively in 93.4% of patients (median, 14.2 dB) and worse in 6.6% of patients (median, 8.3 dB). The average extrusion time was 7.3 months for grommet and 16.3 months for T-tubes. CONCLUSION: Multifactor etiologies show some unsolved or misunderstood underlying pathology, or unmentioned environmental factor such as atopy due to rich flora and humidity might exist to consider in the pathophysiology of the otorrhea.

Body Fluids↗