Biomedical subjects

Osman Sinanović

Publications and source records attributed to Osman Sinanović.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Etiological risk factors for brachial plexus palsy.

AIM: To investigate risk factors for brachial plexus palsy in newborns. We analyzed 45 544 live-born children, born over a nine-year period from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2004. METHODS: The analysis was retrospective and based on the medical documentation of the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinic for Neurology, and Clinic for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the University Clinical Center Tuzla. We compared study and control groups of newborns. Rates among groups were compared using Chi-square, with significance at p < 0.05, and with significance at p < 0.01. RESULTS: Examining epidemiological characteristics, 86 newborns with brachial plexus palsy had been recorded, thus, the prevalence was 1.86 per 1000 live-born children. Analyzing maternal and neonatal factors, and the labor pattern itself, it was found that the highest factors of risk for brachial plexus injury were birth weight of over 4000 g, a precipitous second stage of labor (<15 minutes), and vacuum-extractor assisted labor. Brachial plexus palsy was more frequent when the mothers were overweight, with a body mass index >or=29 kg/m2. None of the parturient women, whose newborns were diagnosed with brachial plexus palsy, had external conjugate diameter <18 cm. Newborns delivered vaginally were not diagnosed with a higher frequency of brachial plexus palsy when compared to newborns who were delivered by cesarean section, but newborns who were vaginal breech-delivered were diagnosed to have a higher incidence of brachial plexus palsy. Newborns whose mothers were older than 35 years were diagnosed to have brachial plexus palsy more frequently, but a statistically significant difference between primiparas and multiparas was not found. A total of 39 newborns (45.2%) were diagnosed with a fracture of the clavicle, which was the most frequently combined damage with brachial plexus injury. Forty-two newborns (48.8%) had an Apgar score of <or=7 in the first minute after delivery, which indicates intrapartal fetal distress and is an indication of the traumatic nature of these deliveries. The average birth weight of newborns with brachial plexus damage was 3858.1+/-587.7 g, which for an average gestational age of 38.8+/-1.8 weeks, corresponds to eutrophic newborns. Both male and female newborns were diagnosed to have brachial plexus palsy comparably frequently, and almost all deliveries (97.7%) were initiated spontaneously. The majority of newborns were born between the hours of 02:00 and 03:00 and between the hours of 14:00-15:00.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Five-year survival-after first-ever stroke.

The aim of the study was to analyze the 5-year survival after first-ever ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage. In this study 836 patients were analyzed with a first-ever stroke admitted at the Department of Neurology Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, from January 1(st) 1997 to December 31(st) 1998. Of these 613 (73,3%) were ischemic strokes and 223 intracerebral hemorrhages (26,7%) Subarachnoid hemorrhages were excluded. After hospitalization surviving patients examined periodically, and a final examination was performed 5 years after the stroke. Overall, case-fatility at the first month was 36% (301/836) and the mortality rate was significantly higher in the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (58,3% vs. 27,9%, p<0,0001). The first year survived 60% patients with ischemic stroke, and 38% with intracerebral hemorrhage. After 5 years, 188 (31%) patients with ischemic stroke and 53 (24%) with intracerebral hemorrhage were alive (p=0,5), and the cumulative survival rate for the entire study was 29%. Among 30-day survivors (n=535) surviving rate after 5 years was significantly higher in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (57% vs. 42,5%, p=0,01). The survival rate was the highest for those 50 years and younger (57%), and the lowest for those aged over 70 years (9%). Predictors of 5-year mortality were older age and hypertension for both types of stroke, heart diseases for ischemic stroke and diabetes for intracerebral hemorrhage. Long-term survival after first-ever ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage is similar. However, among 30-day survivors the 5-year survival is better in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2006

Sensory-motor index is useful parameter in electroneurographical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

It was performed electroneurographic (ENG) studies with surface electrodes and examined nervus medianus (NM) in 60 patients (38 females), average age of 50,28 years (X+/-SD=50,28+/-11), with clinical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and at least one border or discrete abnormal value of conventional electrophysiological tests. It was also examined 57 healthy individuals (33 females) as control group, average age of 45,65 years (X+/-SD=45,65+/-9,68). The sensitivity and specificity of sensory-motor index (SMI), terminal latency index (TLI) and residual latency (RL) were calculated and compared. SMI is determinate by using following formula: distal distance (DD) (in cm)/distal motor latency (DML) (in ms) + sensory conduction velocity (SCV) (in m/s)/motor conduction velocity (MCV) (in m/s) of NM. SCV of NM was measured by antidromic technique in segment wrist-index finger and MCV of NM in forearm segment above wrist. SMI mean value of control group was 3,45 (X+/-SD=3,45+/-0,45) with lower limit of normal value 2,82 and in patients with CTS 2,13 (X+/-SD=2,13 +/-0,37). The sensitivity of SMI in patients with CTS was 98,51%. SMI is useful parameter in electroneurographical diagnosis of CTS and it's determination is easy and fast and specially important in cases with border or discrete abnormal values of other NM electrophysiological parameters, when SMI values can indicate incipient phase of CTS evolution. In rare cases (about 1%) of CTS with selective NM motor axons affection, SMI may have normal value (false negative result), but DML is always prolonged in this cases. SMI is not dependent on age and DD values in patients with CTS and control subjects.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗

PubMed2006

Psychological disturbances of war-traumatized children from different foster and family settings in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

AIM: To assess the psychological health of war-traumatized children in different foster settings and compare them with children living with one or both parents, 7 years after the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHOD: The study was carried out in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in March 2002. We assessed 186 (93 girls and 93 boys) elementary school children aged 12.7-/+1.8 years for war trauma, presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. There were 38 (14 girls) children from the government orphanage, 48 (24 girls) children from the non-governmental organization (NGO) SOS Children's Village, 50 (24 girls) children who lost a parent in the war but lived with the surviving parent, and 50 (31 girls) children who lived with both parents. For data collection, we used Children's Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index and Children's Depression Inventory. Basic sociodemographic data were also collected. RESULTS: Of 186 children, 90 (48.4%) had been forced into refuge because of the war. Loss of a family member was most frequent among children in the SOS Children's Village, who also experienced the highest number of other types of trauma. PTSD was present in 51.6% of 186 children, with the highest prevalence among children in the SOS Children's Village (39/48). PTSD prevalence was higher among children who lost a parent but lived with the surviving parent (29/50) then among children in the orphanage (15/38) or children living with both parents (13/50) (chi(2)(3)=33.075, P<0.001). Depression was present in 42 of 186 (22.6%) children, but with no statistical difference among the groups (chi(2)(3)=6.337, P=0.096). The prevalence of PTSD and depression was similar in boys and girls. Loss of a parent was associated with higher frequency of PTSD and depression. The loss of both parents was associated with high prevalence of PTSD, but not depression. Prevalence of PTSD was positively correlated with the prevalence of depression (Spearman's rho=0.188; P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: All children experienced war trauma and many had psychological consequences. The highest prevalence of PTSD, often comorbid with depression, was found among children who lost one or both parents. The children with the lowest rate of psychological disturbances were those living with both parents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in younger age associated with abnormality of copper level].

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive degenerative neuromuscular disease in adults that occurs in familial and sporadic forms. The mean age of onset of symptoms is 56 years and the mean duration of disease is 3 years. One of the theories on the pathogenesis suggests on mutation in gene that encodes superoxide dismutase, which is involved in metabolism of free radicals (copper, zinc). In this article we showed patient with early onset of disease associated with abnormality of copper level. Co morbidity with Wilson disease has not been proved. According to this case it is possible to think about changes in cuprum level at ALS patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in patient with mulitple sclerosis].

Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction are not rare in multiple sclerosis (MS). The most frequent bladder disorders are in urgency, frequency as well as retention. In this study we analyzed bladder dysfunction (urgency, frequency and retention), defecation (constipation and incontinence) as well as sexual problems (libido, erection and vaginal lubrication) in patients with relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (MS) depending on disability status. Concerning Expanded Diasability Status Score (EDSS), patients have been divided in two groups: EDSS 0-4.5. (Group A), and EDSS 5.0-10.0 (group B). We analyzed 60 patients: 35 (58.3%) women, and 25 (41.7%) men. In both group A and B, with no bladder disorder was 18 patients (30%). In group A: 15 (25%); in group B: 3 (5%). With urgent incontinence were 36 (60%) patients - group A: 19 (31%); group B: 17 (28%). With retention were 6 (10%) patients - group A: 4 (6.6%); group B: 2 (3.3%). There is no statistical significant difference in number of patients with and with no urinary problems in both groups (p>0.05). Of all analyzed patients in group A and B with no urinary disorders were 9 men (15%) and 9 women (15%). With urinary problems were 16 men (26.7%) and 26 women (43.3%). Statistically it is significant higher number of women than men (p<0.05). With no defecation problems were 54 (90%) patients - in group A: 36 (60%); in group B: 18 (30%). With constipation were 5 (8.3%) - in group A: 2 (3.3%); in group B 3 (5%). In group B one patient (1.6%) had incontinence. There is no statistical significant difference in number of patients with and with no bowel elimination dysfunction in both groups p>0.05). 12 (20%) men had no bowel elimination problems and 24 women (40%), but 10 (16.6%) men and 8 (13.3%) women had the bowel elimination dysfunction. There is no statistical significance (p>0.05). No libido disturbance had 44 (73.3%) patients. In the group A: 35 (58.3%); in group B: 9 (15%). 16 (26.7%) patients had the libido disturbances. In group A: 3 (5%); in group B 13 (21.6%). Statistically there is significant lower number of patients with libido problems in group A (p<0.05). No vaginal lubrication had 21 (35%) women. In group A: 18 (30%); in group B 3 (5%). Vaginal lubrication disturbance had 14 (23.3%). In group A: 7 (11.6%); in group B 7 (11.6%). Statistically it is significant lower number of women with no lubrication in group B (p<0.05). No erection problems had 11 (18.3%) men. In group A: 9 (15%); in group B 2 (3.3%). Erection disturbance had 14 (23.3%). In group A: 4 (6.6%); in group B: 10 (16.6%). There is statistical significant lower number of men with erection problems in group A. (p<0.05). Of all analyzed patients in both groups A and B 18 men (30%) and 26 (43%) women had no problems with libido and 7 (11.6%) men and 9 (15%) women had the problems. There is no statistical significance in sex distribution (p>0.05). 11 (18.3%) men had no erection problems, 14 (23.3%) had the problems. 21 (35%) women had no vaginal lubrication problems, 14 (23.3%) women had the problems. Erection disturbances are not statistically significant to vaginal lubrication problems (p>0.05).

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Obstetric lesions of brachial plexus].

BACKGROUND: Obstetrical brachial plexus lesion (OBPL) (also known in its various forms as Erb's palsy, Klumpke's paralysis, Erb-Duchenne palsy) complicates a very small proportion of births. Furthermore, it seems that more likely many cases recover with little in the way of remaining deficit, but it is equally certain that some cases will not recover. Electro diagnostic examinations are used as following the physical examination and can provide data on both the severity and timing of the injury. The initial study usually is performed 2-3 weeks after injury, when signs of enervation are seen in children with moderate or serious injuries. The incidence of obstetric brachial plexus palsy varies from 0.4 to 1 case per 1000 new born children. This incidence has remained unchanged since the beginning of this century despite current technologic advances. The aim of this paper is to review the literature and authors experience with OBPL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 30 children examined in last 10 years at Electro myoneurography laboratory, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Total out of 20 children (66.67%) were male, and 10 (33.3%) female; in 11 (36.67%) palsy was on left, and in 19 (63.33%) on right side. Erb's palsy was seen in 27 (90%) and total palsy in the remaining 3 (10%) limbs. Electromyography was very useful test not only for diagnosis, but also for evaluation of recovery. Good recovery was observed in majority of these children, but some children has difficulty with active shoulder abduction, forward flexion, symmetric elbow flexion and forearm supination at age of one year and more, and mild shortening and atrophy of the limb are also observed.

Birth Injuries↗

PubMed2006

Post-war mental health promotion in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

After the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, mental illness is very prevalent. With little knowledge about mental health, the stigma of mental illness is still pervasive in many communities. To combat this prejudice, we describe mental health promotion strategies which can empower individuals and educate the communities in which they live.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗

PubMed2006

[Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin as a new additional clinical marker in spinal muscular atrophies].

INTRODUCTION: Spinal muscular atrophies (SMA) are group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of motorneurons in anterior column of medulla spinalis, and sometimes in motoneurons of cranial nerves and the brain. Causes of SMAs are mutations in genes encoding for SMN, SIP and NAIP that are very low in motorneurons of these patients. Ribonucleases (RNases) are enzymes that depolimerize RNA and may destabilize DNA. AIM: The objective of this study was to determine ribonuclease activity in serum and urine of SMA patients. METHODS: RNases were purified by anion-kation-exchange chromatographies, and HPLC, and their activity was measured by immunodetection using specific antibodies against rinonucleases in presence of RNA as a substrate. RESULTS: Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) activity iin serum of SMA patients was 5.6, 3.8 and 2.6 higher in type I, II and III comparing with control group. RNase inhibitor activity in serum of the same patients was 3.0 and 2.4 lower in type I and II vs. Control group, but in type III was unchanged. Similar results are found in urine of the same patients. CONCLUSION: Increased serum and urin EDN activities in SMA patients could be used as a new additional clinical marker in their diagnosis.

Biomarkers↗

PubMed2006

Consequences of domestic violence on women's mental health in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

AIM: To assess psychological consequences of domestic violence, and determine the frequency and forms of domestic violence against women in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS: The study was carried out in the Tuzla Canton region in the period from 2000 to 2002, and included 283 women aged 43+/-9.6 years. Out of 283 women, 104 received psychiatric treatment at the Department for Psychiatry of the University Clinical Center Tuzla, 50 women were refugees; and 129 were domicile inhabitants of the Tuzla Canton. Domestic Violence Inventory, Cornell Index, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, PTSD Checklist Version for Civilians, and Beck Depression Inventory were used for data collection. Basic sociodemographic data and information from the medical documentation of the Department for Psychiatry of the University Clinical Center Tuzla was also collected. RESULTS: Out of 283 women, 215 (75.9%) were physically, psychologically, and sexually abused by their husbands. Among the abused, 107 (50.7%) experienced a combination of various forms of domestic violence. The frequency of domestic violence was high among psychiatric patients (78.3%). Victims of domestic violence had a significantly higher rate of general neuroticism, depression, somatization, sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, and paranoid tendency than women who were not abused. The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms according to the type of trauma was higher in women with the history of childhood abuse (8/11) and domestic violence (53/67) than in women who experienced war trauma (26/57) and the loss of loved ones (24/83). The majority of 104 psychiatric patients suffered from PTSD in comorbidity with depression (n=45), followed by depression (n=17), dissociative disorder (n=13), psychotic disorder (n=7), and borderline personality disorder with depression (n=7). The intensity of psychological symptoms, depression, and Global Severity Index for Psychological Symptoms (GSI) were in significant positive correlation with the frequency of psychological (r=0.45, P<0.001), physical (r=0.43, P<0.001), and sexual abuse (r=0.37, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Domestic violence in various forms had long-term consequences on mental health of women. This should be taken into account when treating women with war-related trauma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Body dissatisfaction: how is it related to stress and one's perception of individual and cultural ideal body? A comparison of Bosnian and American university students.

Cultural differences in body dissatisfaction, the relationship of stress to body dissatisfaction and individual and cultural body ideals were investigated. Forty-eight United States women and 48 Bosnian women completed the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and a Body Figure Rating Scale. When Body Mass Index was controlled, United States women demonstrated more body dissatisfaction and chose smaller cultural ideal body sizes than Bosnian women, but did not differ on personal ideal body size ratings. Furthermore, stress was only related to body dissatisfaction for Bosnian women. Additional research is needed to further elaborate the body dissatisfaction differences as they relate to cultural values.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Acculturation and psychological problems of adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina during exile and repatriation.

AIM: To estimate the frequency, type, and severity of psychological trauma among Bosnian refugee adolescents during the process of repatriation after the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS: A sample of 239 pupils (120 girls and 119 boys), with a mean age (+/-standard deviation) of 15.2+/-2.1 years were assessed for war traumatic events, acculturation and repatriation maladjustments, school behavioral problems, and presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The sample consisted of adolescents who were in the process of repatriation after exile in a foreign country (n=120) and internally displaced adolescents (n=119). RESULTS: Adolescents who had been exposed to severe psychological war trauma still had high level of trauma more than three years after the end of war. The level of recalling traumas they experienced (mean+/-standard deviation=3.9+/-1.2 on a scale from 0 to 5) and frequency of PTSD symptoms (1.5+/-1.0 on a scale from 0-5) were significantly lower among repatriated than internally displaced adolescents (4.4+/-0.7 and 2.2+/-1.1, respectively; P<0.001). The prevalence of PTSD did not differ between repatriated (56.7%) and internally displaced adolescents (68.1%). Returnees with more acculturation problems reported more functional and relational problems after return but less psycho-emotional dysfunctions. Those who adapted to the culture in the exile country had difficulties in adapting back to the culture in the home country. CONCLUSIONS: PTSD was still very frequent among Bosnian refugee adolescents 3.5 years after the end of war. Adolescents who had spent more than five years as refugees in foreign countries had significantly lower level of experienced trauma recall and frequency of PTSD symptoms, as well as less anxious/depressed and withdrawn/depressed behavioral problems, and somatic complaints. Returnees who had more acculturation problems in exile reported more functional and relational problems but less psycho-emotional problems after repatriation. Schools and other institutions involved in the education of adolescents should develop programs to address these issues.

Acculturation↗

PubMed2005

[Ischemic stroke as reaction to an acute stressful event].

The period following ischemic stroke can be considered as a reaction to a stressful event. Changes in cortisol secretion are one of the indicators of stress reaction. The aim of the study was to determine morning serum levels of cortisol in stroke patients within 48 hours and 15 days of ischemic stroke onset. Study group included 40 patients, 20 of them were females, mean age 65.3 +/- 10.3 years. The patients did not receive any corticosteroid agents or spironolactone, and did not suffer from Cushing's or Addison's syndrome. Ischemic stroke was verified by computed tomography of the brain. The fluorometric method with DELFIA Cortisol immunoassay was used to determine morning serum cortisol levels. Reference values of the measured hormone were 201-681 nmol/l. The mean level of serum cortisol within 48 hours of stroke was 560.9 +/- 318.9 nmol/l, and on day 15 it was 426.2 +/- 159.3 nmol/l, i.e. significantly lower (p < 0.02). On the first measurement, the level of serum cortisol was elevated in 32%, and on the second measurement in only 7.5% patients, which was also significantly lower (p < 0.001). It was concluded that the stress reaction in ischemic stroke patients was more pronounced within the first 48 hours of stroke onset. Judging from the morning cortisol levels, the reaction to stress was considerably less pronounced 15 days after stroke onset.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

EEG frequency and cognitive dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies showed EEG changes in patients with Parkinson's disease, in comparison with healthy subjects of same age. The most often presented change is generalised (or localised) slowing of frequency. AIM: To show the correlation of EEG frequency and Mini Mental Status (MMS) in patients with Parkinson's disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 32 patients with Parkinsons disease were analysed. An average age was 64.63 +/- 10.01 years, and most of them were men (24 or 75%). On the basis of MMS score, two groups were selected: with and without signs of dementia. For both groups, EEG frequency values were determined. RESULTS: There were 11 patients without dementia (MMS score = 23-30) with average age of 64.63 +/- 9.54 years; and with dementia (MMS score < 24) 21 patients (average age was 62.71 +/- 10.04 years). In patients without dementia, diffuse slowing down of frequency was found in one patient (9.1%); localised in three (90.9%). In dementia patients, four patients (19.04%) had diffuse slowing of EEG and seven (80.96%) had localised. A positive correlation of EEG frequency and MMS score was found (r = 0.46), and Parkinson's disease patients with dementia had more frequently EEG with slowing frequency than non-dementia patients. CONCLUSION: EEG slowing frequency is more frequent in Parkinson's disease patients with than without dementia.

Dementia↗

PubMed2005

[Anxiety in acute phase of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction].

INTRODUCTION: Period after ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction is followed by different psychological reactions. Anxiety represents one possible psychological problem. AIM: To investigate presence of anxiety in patients within period from 48 hours till 15 days after ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fourty patients formed analyzed group. Their average age was 65.3 +/- 10.3 years (33-83). Twenty of them were females. Thirty patients formed controled group. Their average age was 57.46 +/- 10.6 years (42-78). Eleven of them were females. Twenty questions self-assessment Zung scales were used for anxiety levels determination, Responses were scored by points, which were summarized as final result. Final score of 50 and more points suggested that anxiety was present. RESULTS: Average self-assessment anxiety score within 48 hours since ischemic stroke was 44.4 +/- 8.8 points, and 15-th day 42.2 +/- 7.7 (p=0.237). In twelve patients (30%) anxiety was found during the first surveying, and in 10 patients (25 %) during the second the surveying. Average self-assessment anxiety score within 48 hours since myocardial infarction was 43.1 +/- 8.3 points, and 15-th day 43.2 +/- 6.7 (p=0.959). In seven patients (23.3%) anxiety was found during first surveying, and in 5 patients (16.7%) during second surveying (p=0.52). CONCLUSION: Anxiety represents important psychological problem for patients after ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Aldo number of anxiety patients is larger within 48 hours after ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, average value in anxiety scale stays unreduced even 15 days after the beginning of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Religiosity and mental health.

Mental health is not considered only as absence of mental disorders, but rather as the achievement of higher standards of available psychical potentials. True devotion and obedience to The God give the one a huge and incredible strength, constant source of spiritual emotional and moral energy, which is of help in resisting destructive and slavery attacks of the environment and its materialistic-consuming tendencies, as well as social and mental disruption. According to the opinion of numerous worldwide recognized mental health experts, humankind of today is confronted with a number of problems, which are the consequence of spiritual and moral-ethical degradation of human being. Therefore, religiosity became the field of interest of mental health researchers. The results of new studies undoubtedly indicate beneficial effects of religion on life and mental health in humans. Religiosity reduces tendencies for risky behaviour, impulsive reactions and aggression; it corrects tendencies towards psychopathic and paranoid behaviour, reduces converse, depressive and schizoid tendency, and provides successful overcome of emotional conflicts. In comparison to low-religious adolescents, the factors such as inner conflicts, frustration, fear, anxiety, psychological trauma, low self-esteem, unbalance of psychical homeostasis, emotional instability, and negative psychical energy are less present in highly religious adolescents and neutralized in a healthier and more efficient way. Beneficial impact of religion on mental health derives from precise cognitive-behavioural patterns, which provide a clear life orientation, solid basis and safe frames for personality development, assuring human to be continually on the way to achieve its own generic essence and reach its own maturity and self-actualization.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Anxiety and depression in deaf and hard-of-hearing adults].

The main purpose of this study was to determine the differences between the anxiety and depression degree in individuals with severe hearing impairments and deaf people in relation to sex and marital status. The sample consisted of 54 subjects, 35 males and 19 females, aged from 18-61 years, with hearing loss greater than 60 dB. We used "SCL-90-R" (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised), to assess the level of anxiety and depression. For the examination of marital stress we used "Stockholm Marital Stress Scale". The results showed that deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals demonstrated certain anxiety and depression levels which correlated significantly with marital status, marital stress, and communication problems. The married deaf subjects showed higher anxiety degree than single one. We determined the statistically significant differences for the anxiety level (p < .03861), age (p < .0006), and communication problems (p < .033) between the married and single deaf people. The females exhibited higher anxiety and depression levels than males, but these differences were not statistically significant. For the prevention of psychological problems in deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals it is necessary to pay attention to their communication problems which are a condition for adequate society integration.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Psychic disorders in former prisoners of war.

AIM: To analyze the kind and the representation of psychic disorders in former prisoners of war and war veterans who were not detained in camps. METHODS: The analyzed sample consisted of 160 respondents divided into two groups. A group of 100 former prisoners of war and a group of 60 war veterans who had not been detained in camps. All the respondents are males and were psychically in healthy condition prior to the war. The modified Harvard Trauma Questionnaire was used to diagnose traumatic experience, and a questionnaire according to the DSM IV criteria was used to diagnose posttraumatic stress disorder. The Depressiveness Scale D-92 was used to diagnose depressiveness; the questionnaire STAI was used to diagnose anxiety; CAGE Questionnaire was used to diagnose alcoholism. RESULTS: The former prisoners of war had traumatic experience at a higher level as compared to the war veterans who had not been detained in camps (P < 0.05). The symptoms of PTSD were manifested by 55% of camp inmates as compared to 33.3% of war veterans (P < 0.05). Depressive disorder was diagnosed in 52% of camp inmates and 31.7% of war veterans (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found among the analyzed groups relating to anxiety and alcohol drinking. CONCLUSIONS: The former prisoners of war were living through a severer stage and had a more sundry traumatic experience. Severer stage of traumatic experience conditioned statistically higher representation of psychic disorders (PTSD and depressiveness) in the former prisoners of war as compared to the war veterans.

Adult↗