Biomedical subjects

P A Mir-Salim

Publications and source records attributed to P A Mir-Salim.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Orbital space-occupying lesions. Practical aspects of imaging].

During the period 1992-1998,we diagnosed orbital tumors in 23 cases at the MLU Halle-Wittenberg. In the intraconal compartment we mostly saw cavernous hemangiomas and neurogenic tumors. Lymphomas and a primary meningioma were located in the extraconal space. Beneath the periosteum, bony processes, tumors of the sinuses, dermoid-and epidermoid-cysts normally occur, but we only observed metastases and hematomas. Furthermore,tumors of the lacrimal gland and inflammatory lesions were diagnosed. Orbital tumors are uncommon lesions, whose location in the orbit gives an important hint to differential diagnosis, because a high percentage of various pathologies is located in special compartments of the orbit. According to our results,the MRI-scan is usually sufficient for differentiation and for preoperative planning in order to reduce the X-ray dose of the lens. CT-scans with contrast are sometimes necessary for examining bone destroying processes and for planning the surgical approach to removing the tumor. X-rays of the skull widely lost their importance in the exact diagnostic of orbital tumors. B-scan ultrasonic imaging is reserved for screening and follow-up examination. Despite the use of MRI and CT scanning, the histological examination remains necessary.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMed2001

[Hyperacusis after tympanoplasty].

A case of hyperacusis after tympanoplasty is presented. A 62-year-old woman experienced unilateral conductive hearing loss for about 60 years after antrotomy in infancy. Neurological or otoneurological symptoms were not evident. Tympanotomy showed a missing incus with discontinuity of the chain. Reconstruction was performed by interposition of a partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP). The postoperative audiogram revealed minimal perceptive hearing loss in the high-frequency field in the operated ear. Several weeks after middle ear surgery, the patient complained of hyperacusis on the operated side, which persisted for more than 2 years. To alleviate the unpleasant sensations, an ear plug was used by the patient. In spite of the asymmetric hearing loss, no late onset auditory deprivation could be diagnosed. The pathophysiological causes of the hyperacusis have not yet been clarified. Possible reasons are discussed.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗

PubMed2000

[Electron microscopy studies of innervation of nasal mucosa glands in humans].

BACKGROUND: Seromucous glands are one of the main components of human nasal mucosa. The innervation pattern is important to understand the control of the different physiological glandular functions. In addition to light-microscopical findings electronmicroscopic investigations were performed to get more detailed information on the innervation of nasal glands. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tissue samples of 16 human inferior turbinates were taken during nasal surgery and preserved in Unicryl or 3.5% phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde. After fixation ultrathin sections were cut. Electron microscopical structures were photodocumented by using a transmission-electron microscope (EM 902 A Zeiss). RESULTS: Few axons were found in the periglandular tissue. No myo- or glandular-neural tight junctions could be identified. Unmyelinated nerve fibers showed typical components such as neurofilaments, neurotubules and mitochondria in their cytoplasm. An additional control of the glandular secretion by the vascular tone of the fenestrated capillary vessels will be discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these ultramorphological findings further immunoelectron microscopical investigations will follow to demonstrate the various neurotransmitters and their distribution in periglandular axons.

Child↗

PubMed1999

[Endonasal, microsurgical approach to the retrobulbar region exemplified by intraconal hemangioma].

The posterior orbit contain's a number of important and vulnerable structures, including the optic nerve, the opthalmic artery and vein, the ocular muscles and their motor nerves. Because of their close relation to the ocular bult, surgical access to this region is very difficult. Transfrontal, transfrontal-ethmoidal and transmaxillary procedures have the disadvantage of possible injury to a number of non-tumor affected structures. The endonasal microsurgical transethmoid access is described here along with a case report of a 2 x 1 cm intraconal hemangioma. Ethmoidectomy was performed after septal mobilization. The optic nerve was identified in the wall of the sphenoid sinus. The lamina papyracea was resected between the sphenoid sinus wall, skull base and ethmoid. The medial rectus muscle was mobilized after slitting open the periorbita to expose tumor. The hemangioma was then removed in toto under microscopic control. Surgery in the retrobulbar region could be performed gently and under microscopic magnification with this technique. The procedure used has a minor risk in the hands of an experienced nasalsurgeon and opens up new possibilities for the treatment of retroorbital lesions.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Glands of the human nasal mucosa--electron microscopy and immunohistochemical studies].

BACKGROUND: Ultrastructural characteristics of the nasal glands are presented and possible changes concerning different diseases of the nasal mucosa are investigated. METHODS AND PATIENTS: Specimens from 23 patients suffering from primary ciliary dyskinesia, allergic rhinopathy, and chronic inflammatory hyperplasia were the subject of electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS: All preparations exclusively showed glands of the serous type. The end segments of the glands were surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells in a basket-like fashion. Distinct differences in the fine structure of the glands were not observed between the individual groups. The epithelial cells of the efferent ducts consisted of numerous rows forming one layer with pronounced interlockings. These cells in particular showed a high content of mitochondria. This segment of the duct probably has the function of changing the content of water and ions in the nasal secretion. CONCLUSIONS: Our immunofluorescence and electronmicroscopic investigations present the ultrastructure of the nasal glands in detail. We assume an influence of the efferent ducts on the composition of the nasal secretion.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1998

[Ameloblastoma of the maxillary sinus: an electron microscopy study].

BACKGROUND: The morphological demonstration and classification of rare tumor types occurring in the region of the head and neck may involve a number of problems. PATIENT AND METHODS: In the following the exceptional case of a plexiform ameloblastoma located in the main nasal cavity is presented. The morphological peculiarities of this locally destructive tumor are revealed by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: The light microscopic investigations show one-layered epithelial units which are interlinked in a plexiform manner and extend as far as up to the surface epithelium. The electron microscopic investigations show solid and loosened areas. The organelles are well developed, their number varied; rough endoplasmic reticulum is scarce. Glycogen incorporations occur regularly. The tumor cells are connected with a number of desmosomes. The cell surface is characterized by microvilli. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of different methods of investigation is sometimes justified for diagnostic purposes. Especially electron microscopic studies may serve to demonstrate decisive structural peculiarities to classify a certain tumor type. Complete surgical removal is recommended. Postoperative radiation is generally advisable.

Aged↗