PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P A Schnyder

Publications and source records attributed to P A Schnyder.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Pulmonary edema associated with mitral regurgitation: prevalence of predominant involvement of the right upper lobe.

OBJECTIVE: The symmetric distribution of pulmonary vascular congestion and edema caused by left ventricular heart failure associated with severe mitral regurgitation as seen on chest radiographs is well known. To our knowledge, only eight cases have been reported in which congestion and edema were confined to one lung or a portion of one lung. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymmetric findings in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three radiologists retrospectively and independently reviewed the plain chest radiographs of 131 patients with severe mitral regurgitation admitted to our institution during a 3-year period. Radiographs showing asymmetric vascular congestion or pulmonary edema were identified. Clinical records of these patients were studied to exclude other causes of pulmonary disease. RESULTS: Radiographic signs of vascular congestion and edema were present in 117 (89%) of the 131 patients. In 12 (9%) of 131 patients, these findings were localized or predominant in the upper lobe of the right lung. None of the patients had predominantly left-sided involvement. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary vascular congestion and edema involving predominantly the upper lobe of the right lung in patients with severe mitral regurgitation occurs more frequently than previously thought. This information is useful in the differential diagnosis of right upper lobe abnormalities, such as pneumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

CT detection of benign and malignant abnormalities of the small bowel.

The authors analysed the CT findings in 60 normal subjects and 14 patients with small bowel disease to assess the ability of CT to detect wall thickening. The patients all had a small bowel wall thickness larger than 0.5 cm. Benignity could not be distinguished from malignancy solely on the pattern of small bowel thickening. Thus, Crohn's disease could not be differentiated from intestinal Hodgkin's disease or post radiation therapy ileitis. Intra- and extramural masses are also a common but non-specific pattern; they can be associated with small bowel wall thickening and have been encountered in different situations such as duodenal duplication, jejunal haematoma or adenocarcinoma. Knowledge of normal anatomy, optimal endoluminal opacification and careful attention to the appearance of the small bowel are recommended in every CT survey of the abdomen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

CT of the pretracheal retrocaval space.

The ability of computed tomography to visualize the normal pretracheal retrocaval (PTRC) space and its contents, at the level of the azygous arch, was investigated in 127 normal subjects. The scan level which shows the azygous vein entering the posterior aspect of the superior vena cava was analyzed. The perimeter of the PTRC space could be accurately delineated by following the trachea, azygous arch, superior vena cava, and aorta. The size, density, and contents of the PTRC space were measured. The surface area of the PTRC space increases significantly with the degree of mediastinal adiposity (p less than 0.0001), age (p less than 0.0001), and aortic unfolding (p less than 0.001). The mean density of the PTRC space was negative in the majority of subjects but varied from -107 to +48 H. Normal lymph nodes (azygous nodes) were detected in 88.1% of subjects. More than one lymph node was present in 29.9% of subjects. Three nodes were visible in each of nine subjects. There were 160 lymph nodes with a diameter of 5.5 +/- 2.8 mm visable in the 127 subjects. Eleven nodes were larger than 10 mm. Normal azygous lymph nodes can be visualized and subtle enlargement of these nodes detected.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

[Postoperative extraction of residual biliary calculi].

Nonoperative retained biliary tract stone extraction is a roentgenologic technique already proposed by Burhenne in 1973, widely employed in the USA and Scandinavia but infrequently used in Western Europe. Our purpose is to popularize, despite our small number of cases (8), a rather safe and elegant technique of extraction which is successful in 90-100% of cases when performed by properly trained radiologists.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Fine needle biopsy guided by computed tomography].

Percutaneous fine needle biopsy guided by computed tomography is now a well established method in most university radiological departments. Positive results are obtained in some 80% of cases. With this tehcnique most abdominal and pelvic structures can be reached without danger for the patient under local anesthesia, even when the fine needle passes through the gastric or bowel walls. In some instances the technique can also be employed for biopsy of pulmonary and mediastinal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Gastrointestinal complications of renal transplantation in children.

Twenty episodes of serious gastrointestinal complication occurred in 14 of 85 (16%) consecutive patients less than 17 years old who underwent renal homograft transplantation. These complications consisted of small-bowel obstruction, ulceration, pancreatitis, hepatitis, ascites, and severe gastroenteritis. Only 1 patient died as a consequence of the complication--a much lower mortality rate than that reported for gastrointestinal complications of renal transplantation in adults. Radiographic findings were diagnostic in the majority of cases and aided in the prompt administration of therapy.

Ascites↗
PubMed1979

Thoracopagus conjoined twins: radiological evaluation of one case.

Radiological study of conjoined thoracopagus twins. The digestive and biliary tracts, the urinary and cardiovascular systems have been examined. The problems and difficulties encountered in the various procedures and in the interpretation of their results are described.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accelerated atherosclerosis during maintenance hemodialysis: detection from chest radiographs.

Evidence of accelerated atherosclerosis was studied from chest radiographs of 26 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The aortic knob was observed for presence of and increase in calcified plaques. At the initiation of hemodialysis, the degree of aortic calcification was no different from that seen in the control group. After periods ranging from one and a half to eight years, the patients on hemodialysis showed a significantly greater amount of aortic calcification and a significantly higher rate of calcification. The degree of calcification correlated with the severity of cardiovascular disease as determined clinically. For patients on maintenance hemodialysis, close scrutiny of serial chest-radiographs may help to identify those who are at greater risk for life-threatening cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗