PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P A Yokopenic

Publications and source records attributed to P A Yokopenic.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Tests for the comparability of a causal model of depression under two conditions of interviewing.

Although many, if not most, surveys have an explanatory purpose, comparisons of the results obtained through telephone and in-person interviews have generally been focused on descriptive outcomes only. We assessed interview method effects on parameter estimates for a latent variable causal model of age, sex, socioeconomic status, illness, and depression. The data were derived from interviews with a community sample of adults randomly assigned to either telephone or in-person interviews. We found that the measurement model for five constructs was highly similar for the two groups. Differences appeared in the estimation of causal paths among these constructs, but were not statistically significant. In both groups, the largest single effect was the impact of illness on depression. A comparison of factor means also revealed only minor method effects. In general, the two interview methods appeared to yield highly comparable estimates of the causal model, which suggests that relations among variables are stable across methods of interviewing.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Depression, problem recognition, and professional consultation.

Data are from a 1979 community sample (n = 1000) of adults in Los Angeles County. The analysis examines how depressive symptoms, measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and a variety of other factors influence problem recognition and use of mental health services. Of those people with a high level of depressive symptoms, nearly one third view themselves as having a nondepressive problem, while another third view themselves as having no personal problem. After controlling for demographic and other factors, depressive symptoms emerge as the most important element enhancing problem recognition; being female and having more education also enhance recognition of depressive problems and enable people to distinguish depressive from other problems. Among those with a high level of depressive symptoms, only one third had consulted a mental health service in the prior year. Factors promoting use of mental health services among those who acknowledge a personal problem include depressive symptoms, prior use of mental health services, use of services by friends and relatives, and discussion with friends and relatives about counseling; no significant effects emerge for sex, age, education, income, or insurance coverage. Data from the untreated show that a self-reliant attitude and some practical barriers prevent people with depressive symptoms from obtaining professional help.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Measuring depression in the community: a comparison of telephone and personal interviews.

Interview method effects in response to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) are compared among a community sample (N = 546) of adults randomly assigned to either telephone or in-person interviews. The interviews were conducted in Los Angeles during 1980. No significant differences were observed between the two interview methods in nonresponse to symptom items, preference for specific response categories, reliability, mean level of depression, or proportion classified as depressed. Furthermore, no significant interactions were found between sociodemographic characteristics and the method of interview.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Telephone versus in-person surveys of community health status.

Reports of physical morbidity are compared among a community sample of Los Angeles County adults (N = 546) randomly assigned to either in-person or telephone interviews. No statistically significant differences were found between the two interview methods for overall assessment of health status, illnesses reported for the previous four months, or reports of hospitalization. A significantly greater proportion of in-person respondents, however, reported the presence of restricted-activity days during the previous two weeks. This difference could not be directly attributed to sociodemographic characteristics or reported physical health status of the two samples.

Adolescent↗