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P Abrahams

Publications and source records attributed to P Abrahams.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The ultrasound appearance of the normal psoas muscle.

One hundred and forty-four psoas muscles in 72 subjects were scanned to study the normal ultrasound appearance. For the purpose of description the psoas was divided into three sections. Ten of the 432 sections could not be adequately seen on ultrasound. The psoas demonstrated hyperechoic striations on a hypoechoic background typical of muscle. In addition the upper section, from the origin of the muscle to the lower pole of the kidney, contained echogenic planes in 15 (10%) and the mid section, from the lower pole of kidney to iliac crest, demonstrated prominent echogenic planes and focal areas of increased and decreased echogenicity in 65 (46%). The lower section, from the iliac crest to fusion with the iliacus, demonstrated a single echogenic plane in 96 (70.5%) which was best seen running obliquely in the transverse plane and in 40 (29.5%) there were more complex echogenic planes or focal areas of increased or decreased echogenicity. The cause of the prominent echogenic plane in the lower section was not apparent in the anatomical literature and therefore cadaveric dissection of nine psoas muscles was performed which demonstrated that the echogenic plane was caused by intramuscular tendon fibres formed from the more cranial origins of the psoas. The psoas minor was not identified as a separate structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Androgen-independent epithelial cells of the rat ventral prostate.

Androgen-independent cell lines have been clonally selected from primary cultures of androgen-dependent epithelial cells from the rat ventral prostate. These rapidly dividing epithelial-like cells (RDE) have altered morphology and adherence characteristics. Unlike normal prostate epithelial cells, the RDE cell lines do not require androgens for cell division or cell survival. In the presence of physiological concentrations of testosterone, the isoelectric focusing patterns of prostatic acid phosphatases are abnormal in these RDE cells, and the prostate steroid-binding protein genes are not expressed. The loss of androgen dependence is not due to the inability of RDE cells to metabolize testosterone to 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, the active androgen, since the RDE cell lines metabolize testosterone in a manner similar to normal androgen-dependent epithelial cells. When RDE cells are grown on collagen matrices, the cells assume ductlike structures, similar to prostatic acini, although PSBP gene expression is not induced. When seeded into soft agar these cell lines form distinct foci, suggesting that they are potentially tumorigenic.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Anti-androgens do not alter androgen-dependent characteristics of acid phosphatase in the rat ventral prostate.

When administered to intact adult male rats, cyproterone acetate (10 mg/day), flutamide (15 mg/day), or Compound I (1 mg/day) caused a significant decrease in the organ weight to body weight ratios, with a concomitant rise in the specific activity of prostatic acid phosphatase. These compounds do not affect two other markers of androgen activity in the prostate. Neither the percentage inhibition of acid phosphatase activity by tartrate nor the appearance of the secretory band of acid phosphatase on polyacrylamide gels was altered by the administration of anti-androgens. When administered to castrated rats given doses of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (250-750 micrograms/day), flutamide (15 mg/day) was unable to alter the percentage inhibition of acid phosphatase activity by tartrate, or the pattern of activity on polyacrylamide gels. These results suggest that these anti-androgens affect only some of the androgen-dependent functions of the prostate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Soil ingestion--a major pathway of heavy metals into livestock grazing contaminated land.

An estimated 4000 km2 of agricultural land in England and Wales has been contaminated in varying degrees by past mining and smelting activities. Contaminants include one or more of the metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As. Studies conducted in southwest and central England conclude that only a small proportion of these metals are taken up into the leaf material of pasture plants and that plant uptake would not seem to constitute a major pathway to grazing animals. Using the titanium content of faeces as a stable indicator of soil ingestion, we found that grazing cattle involuntarily ingest from 1% to nearly 18% of their dry matter intake as soil; sheep may ingest up to 30%. Soil ingestion varies seasonally and with farm management. Calculations based on soil, plant and faecal analyses show that from 9% to 80% percent of the Pb and 34% to 90% of the As intake into cattle on contaminated land is due to ingested soil.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Binding of testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and 5 alpha-androstane (3 alpha- and 3 beta-), 17 beta-diols to serum proteins in the rat.

Experiments with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at steady state conditions, indicated that testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 3 alpha-androstanediol and 3-beta-androstanediol bound only to albumin in rat serum. The extent of binding of several C19-steroids to serum proteins was measured in rat blood utilizing equilibrium dialysis. The values for the adult male rat were as follows (mean +/- SEM): testosterone 78.3 +/- 0.4% 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone 81.8 +/- 0.4%, 3 alpha-androstanediol 95.5 +/- 0.1%; 3 beta-androstanediol 95.2 +/- 0.1%. The values for the latter two are significantly higher than those for the first two which in turn differ significantly from each other. The values for adult female and castrated male serum samples were not significantly different from those of the normal male. The results obtained for the extent of binding of C19-steroids in a 5-g% albumin solution (which is similar to male rat serum albumin concentration) did not differ significantly from values for serum indicating that the binding in the latter is due primarily to albumin. The KA's for C19-steroid binding to albumin were: testosterone 2.22 X 10(4)l/mol; 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone 3.46 X 10(4)l/mol; 3 alpha-androstanediol 1.36 X 10(5)l/Mol and 3 beta-androstanediol 1.20 XC 10(5)l/mol. When correlated to our previously reported metabolic clearance rats (MCR) it was concluded that binding to serum proteins does not account for the significant difference between the MCR for testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone but may account for the lower MCR's for the 3 alpha- and 3 beta-androstanediols.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗
PubMed1982

Coronary artery disease mortality in relatives of hypertriglyceridemic school children: the Muscatine study.

From 2655 healthy school children participating in the 1973 and 1975 Muscatine Coronary Risk Factor School surveys, two groups of index cases were selected for a detailed family study of coronary mortality: a group with fasting triglyceride levels greater than the ninetieth percentile on both surveys (n = 75) and a group with triglyceride levels less than the tenth percentile on both surveys (n = 47). Coronary mortality in adult (age 30 years or older) first- and second-degree relatives was not different between the two groups. When the families of the high-triglyceride group was further subdivided based on the cholesterol percentile of the index child, greater coronary mortality was observed in the relatives of index cases with high cholesterol (higher than the seventy-fifth percentile). This study suggests that family members of children with elevated triglyceride and low cholesterol levels do not have excess coronary mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

X-ray anatomy 5.

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Angiography↗
PubMed1980

X-ray anatomy 4.

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Duodenum↗
PubMed1980

X-ray anatomy. 2.

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Angiography↗
PubMed1980

X-ray anatomy. 1.

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Angiography↗
PubMed1976

Interchondral subluxation or "clicking rib syndrome".

A case history of the interchondral subluxation syndrome is presented, the anatomy as related to the symptoms discussed and the literature of this so-called "clicking-rib syndrome" reviewed. Unfortunately, this syndrome is not widely recognized but it is hoped that this article will bring it to the attention of those most likely to encounter it-the primary-care physician-and so save numerous unnecessary investigations and consultations. Once one is aware of its existence, the condition is easily diagnosed by careful history and examination alone.

Adult↗