PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Ahlgren

Publications and source records attributed to P Ahlgren.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Neuroendocrine tests in depressive stroke patients.

1. In the present study 63 stroke patients and 23 control patients participated. The presence and degree of depression was defined by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Research Diagnostic Criteria. 2. The TRH stimulation test was performed in all the patients. 3. No difference in Delta Max TSH was found between stroke patients and control patients. 4. No difference in Delta Max TSH was found between patients with the lesion in the right or left hemisphere. 5. No correlation was found between the frequency of blunted response to the TRH stimulation test and the presence of depression. 6. No difference in Delta Max TSH was found between suppressors and non-suppressors to the DST.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Headache after lumbar iohexol myelography: the influence of a history of headaches and early ambulation.

Whether a history of headache or "early" versus "late" ambulation (no bed rest or bed rest for 24 h) influence the occurrence of headache after lumbar iohexol myelography was studied by blinded interviews in 158 consecutive patients referred for elective lumbar myelography (LM) because of suspected lumbar disc prolapse or spinal stenosis. Headache after LM occurred more often in patients with a history of headache (57%) than in patients without such a history (29%), P < 0.001. Patients with normal myelographic findings complained of headache after LM more often (55%) than patients with abnormal myelograms (31%), P < 0.008. No difference in the incidence of headache after LM was demonstrated in early versus late ambulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The bone-anchored hearing aid. Osseointegration and audiological effect.

The results of treatment of the first 12 Danish patients with the Brånemark titanium implant system and the bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) are reported. All implants were osseointegrated, judged by 99mTC-scintigraphy, X-ray examination and clinical examination. Skin reactions were few, transient and short lasting. The patients experienced the BAHA to be superior to both conventional BC hearing aids and AC hearing aids in practically all respects. Speech discrimination scores in quiet and in noise were similar for the 3 types of hearing aids.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Permanent, skin penetrating, bone-anchored titanium implants. A clinical study of host-reaction in bone and soft tissue.

In 12 patients with a skin penetrating retroauricular titanium-implant (Brånemark) the reaction in bone and soft tissue was studied. Observation time was 6 to 36 months. All implants were "osseointegrated", as assessed by repeated manual test, X-ray examination and 99mTC-scintigraphy. Soft tissue reactions appeared to be slight and clinically insignificant. However, all patients produced crusts around the abutment. When the abutment was removed varying degrees of inflammatory reaction in the skin penetration could be observed in most patients. A theory for the development and cause of the soft tissue reactions is proposed and changes in the operative procedure and the design of the abutment to reduce the host reaction are suggested. It is stressed that the clinical significance of this host reaction is uncertain and above all has to be weighed against the important benefits this implant system offers to a severely handicapped group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dexamethasone suppression test in depressive stroke patients.

Depressive psychiatric patients often shown non-suppression to the dexamethasone suppression test (DST). Stroke patients shows a high frequency of depression. In the present study the DST was studied in 76 stroke patients and 26 controls. No difference was found in frequency of non-suppression to the DST between depressive and non-depressive stroke patients. It was found that postdexamethasone plasma cortisol level at 08 a.m. was significantly higher in patient with the lesion in the right hemisphere compared to patients with the lesion in the left hemisphere.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Regional cerebral blood flow in chronic alcoholics measured by single photon emission computerized tomography.

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by single photon emission computerized tomography of inhaled 133-Xe in 20 chronic alcoholic men. Mean CBF was 51 ml/(100 g x min) compared with 53 ml/(100 g x min) in 20 normals. Reduced cerebellar blood flow correlated both to structural abnormalities seen on CT scan and to cognitive dysfunction. Slight abnormalities of the regional CBF was observed in the alcoholics. They had a higher incidence of regional low flow areas than a control group. Low flow areas were found in frontal and posterior parts of the brain not only in patients with atrophia, but also in patients without CT abnormalities, suggesting neuronal dysfunction. The occurrence of regional low flow areas was associated with the severity of alcoholism, cerebral atrophy and intellectual impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Postoperative discitis. Radiology of progress and healing.

The roentgenologic course of postoperative discitis is described in 111 patients examined with laminar tomography. The earliest lesion was blurring of the end plate or minor destructions, leading to cavitation of the vertebral body. Mean time from operation to the first clinical symptoms was 3 weeks. Mean time from operation to first radiologic lesions was 2 months, from operation to maximal lesions 4 months, and to the first radiologic sign of healing 5.5 months. A follow-up study was carried out and the radiologic findings were compared to those of a matched control group. A significantly higher incidence of decrease in disc height, intercorporal fusion and major osteophytes was found in the discitis group. The usefulness of laminar tomography, CT, MRI and isotope studies in the diagnosis of discitis is discussed. It is concluded that laminar tomography is a good alternative, when MRI is not available.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nervous system damage and nutritional factors in chronic alcoholics.

Dietary habits in 45 chronic alcoholics were assessed by the dietary history method, and plasma albumin and serum transferrin. These variables as well as clinical findings did not indicate general malnutrition, but a moderate deficiency in folate intake was found. There was no correlation between the nutritional variables and central and peripheral nervous system function investigated by neuroradiological, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological methods. Transketolase and thiamine-pyrophosphate effects were measured in a subgroup of alcoholics and compared to a control group. No differences were found and there was no correlation to central nervous system impairment. These findings do not support the hypothesis that nervous system damage found in chronic alcoholics is of nutritional etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Depression among patients with stroke.

Ninety-two stroke patients and 30 control patients participated in this study. Stroke patients showed a higher frequency of depression than controls. Stroke patients with the lesion in the right hemisphere were more depressed than patients with the lesion in the left hemisphere. No correlation was found between the degree of depression and the degree of impaired physical function, degree of aphasia or volume of lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Reaction to contrast media in contrast-enhanced CT of the brain. A comparative investigation of non-ionic ultravist and ionic urografin-meglumin.

A comparison has been made of contrast medium reactions in contrast-enhanced CT of the cerebrum using Urografin-meglumin and a new non-ionic, low-osmolality radiologic contrast medium, Ultravist. The number of contrast medium reactions was significantly less with Ultravist, but many mild reactions were observed with both contrast media. Regardless of the contrast used, the incidence of contrast reactions was independent of the CT diagnoses.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

Risk factors for varicella zoster disseminated infection among adult cancer patients with localized zoster.

Varicella zoster (VZ) infection can be a highly morbid and potentially fatal disease among immunocompromised patients; 811 episodes of VZ infection among adult cancer patients seen at the Princess Margaret Hospital from 1970 to 1980, were identified. Seven hundred twelve patients with first episodes of localized VZ infection (zoster) were analyzed for potential risk factors for dissemination. Significant risk factors after univariate analysis included the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, decreasing age, chemotherapy within 6 months of VZ infection, and extensive tumor at initial tumor diagnosis. Complete tumor remission at the time of infection, previous radiotherapy, and breast or gynecologic cancer were associated with reduced risk in this analysis. After multivariate analysis the following factors were independently associated with increased risk: Hodgkin's disease (P less than 0.001), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (P = 0.016), and head and neck cancer (P = 0.043). Complete tumor remission and previous radiotherapy were again related to a reduced risk of infection. This study identifies risk factors that define specific subgroups of adult cancer patients with zoster infections who are at increased risk for VZ dissemination. These factors may be useful in prospectively defining high-risk groups in the design of antiviral therapy trials and may have a role in deciding which cancer patients with zoster will benefit most from receiving antiviral therapy to prevent dissemination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Somatic manifestations in children suspected of having been maltreated.

The present study revealed an incidence of maltreatment of 26.8 in 100,000 children under 15 years of age, higher than previously assumed. The sample comprises 41 children suspected of having been maltreated. A systematic examination included radiography and isotope scintigraphy of the skeletal system. In 9 cases the diagnosis was not confirmed, in 23 confirmed, and in 9 children it seemed likely. The most common form of maltreatment was physical violence with bruises. A total of 6 fractures were demonstrated. Three children had been exposed to sexual abuse. Intracranial haematoma, of long standing, was found in one child. Thirteen of the children (40%) were of short statute, their height and weight below the 25th percentile. Among 27 children examined by X-rays 16 (59%) had delayed skeletal maturation. Disturbances of growth, as well as behavioural abnormalities, were particularly striking in this group of patients. The findings suggest that even the slightest suspicion of maltreatment should lead to a general medical evaluation without delay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Varicella-zoster infection in adult cancer patients. A population study.

In a retrospective review of varicella-zoster (V-Z) Infections in adult cancer patients, 766 episodes of V-Z Infection were studied among 740 patients seen at a large comprehensive cancer center from 1972 to 1980. The highest risk of infection was present among patients with lymphoma and leukemia. The risk of dissemination of V-Z Infection was significantly associated with the presence of active tumor at the time of Infection. The site of the primary tumor correlated with the site of subsequent zoster Infection among patients with breast cancer, cancer of the respiratory tract, and gynecologic cancer. Pain attributable to V-Z Infection was present in a large majority of episodes. The median time from the completion of therapy to the onset of Infection was seven months for patients receiving radiotherapy and less than one month for those receiving chemotherapy. Various attributes of this study group were compared with those of previously studied cancer and noncancer populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Ataxia and cerebellar atrophy in chronic alcoholics.

Forty-five alcoholics were examined clinically and by CT scanning in order to evaluate the relationship between ataxia, cerebellar atrophy and peripheral neuropathy. A significant relationship was found between ataxia and cerebellar atrophy as well as between ataxia and peripheral neuropathy.

Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium↗
PubMed1985

Pre-optic origin of the anterior cerebral artery.

Division of the internal carotid artery immediately after the siphon at the level of the ophthalmic artery is described in a 55-year-old woman. Because of the early division, the anterior cerebral artery lay between the optic nerves. This anomaly was combined with agenesis of the horizontal part of the opposite anterior cerebral artery. The problems concerning ligation of a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm are discussed.

Cerebral Angiography↗