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Biomedical subjects

P Akers

Publications and source records attributed to P Akers.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

The comparative in vitro activity of ofloxacin and selected ophthalmic antimicrobial agents against ocular bacterial isolates.

The in vitro activity of ofloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone anti-infective agent, was evaluated against 419 ocular bacterial isolates of 55 species to determine its potential as a topical agent for the treatment of ocular infections. Other agents tested in this study, in which a modified tube-dilution procedure was used, include norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, and polymyxin B. Ofloxacin demonstrated good to excellent activity against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration against 90% of all bacterial strains tested (MIC90) of ofloxacin was 0.5 microgram/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, 2 micrograms/ml for Streptococcus pneumoniae, and 4 micrograms/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These species were more susceptible to ofloxacin than to any of the nonquinolones tested. The MIC90 of ofloxacin was lower than that of norfloxacin, another quinolone, against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and St. pneumoniae and equal to that of norfloxacin against P. aeruginosa. Because of its broad spectrum of activity and excellent in vitro activity, we concluded that ofloxacin has the potential for development into a superior topical treatment for ocular infection.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Histopathology of a case of radial keratotomy.

A patient underwent a radial keratotomy (RK) to reduce residual astigmatism that occurred after a corneal transplant. The patient enjoyed immediate good vision, but later intense glare, photophobia, and pain forced him to quit work. Five months later the graft became cloudy, and superficial vascularization developed in the radial scars. An 8.5-mm penetrating keratoplasty was performed 5 1/2 months after RK. Analysis of the corneal button revealed diffuse epithelial edema, epithelial ingrowth into the incisions, an irregularly thickened epithelial basement membrane, immature hemidesmosomes, focal malapposition of Bowman's layer, marked cellularity of the stroma around the margins of the incisions, and posterior folds in Descemet's membrane. Our analysis of this specimen suggests RK may carry a risk of optical and visual aberrations by producing multiple defects in the anterior and posterior aspects of the cornea.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Endothelial cell density determined by specular microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Human eyes were photographed with a specular microscope and later examined wit a scanning electron microscope. Corneas from patients undergoing corneal transplantation in whom we were able to obtain preoperative specular micrographs were similarly analyzed. An attempt was made to correlate the counts obtained with both microscopic techniques by determining the amount of shrinkage the cornea undergoes while being processed for SEM. All specimens were counted with a planimeter. We found that the specular microscope adequately analyzes the endothelial cell density in the central and paracentral cornea of a normal eye, but because of its small sampling area specular microscopic counts are subject to significant error when dealing with nonhomogeneous populations such as postoperative cases. We found the peripheral corneal endothelial density to be less than the central endothelial density. Furthermore, we found that we could maximize the accuracy of counting by using a variable frame in a nonhomogeneous population, counting a minimum of four photographs per specimen, analyzing different areas, and analyzing larger areas.

Adolescent↗