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Biomedical subjects

P Alliet

Publications and source records attributed to P Alliet.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Improvement of the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori gastritis in children is by adjunction of omeprazole to a dual antibiotherapy.

AIM: The possible improvement of efficacy and tolerability of a 7-day dual antibiotherapy amoxicillin-clarithromycin (AC) on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastritis in children by the adjunction of omeprazole (OAC) was studied. METHODS: Forty-six children presenting with H. pylori gastritis, assessed at inclusion by endoscopy, H. pylori urease test, histology and/or culture were randomised to a twice-daily regimen of AC or OAC. A (13)C-urease breath test was performed 4-6 weeks after the end of the treatment period to evaluate H. pylori eradication. RESULTS: A larger proportion of patients was H. pylori negative (69%) in the OAC regimen treatment 4-6 weeks after eradication treatment compared with those who received dual AC therapy (15%). A total of seven patients (three in the OAC and four in the AC group) reported adverse events (AEs). Only vomiting was reported in more than one patient (one in each treatment regimen) and only one AE was severe (urticaria: in the OAC group, but considered not related to treatment). CONCLUSION: A larger eradication rate of H. pylori was obtained in the triple OAC group than in the dual AC group. Both therapy regimens can be safely administered to children for 7 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[The nutrition situation of young children in Flanders].

Knowledge of the present feeding habits and the impact of different information channels are mandatory for developing an appropriate feeding policy. The" Socio-Economisch Instituut (SEIN)", the "Universiteit Hasselt", and paediatricians of the Virga Jesse Hospital conducted a study on the feeding habits of young children between the age of 0 and 2 years in Flanders. This study was ordered by Kind en Gezin. Special attention was paid to breastfeeding. The study uses qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative research is limited to questions about breastfeeding such as which factors influence initiating, maintaining and ending breastfeeding. The quantitative research investigates through diaries the dietary composition, the eating habits and the parental educational support. Parents of young children aged 3, 6, 12 and 24 months throughout Flanders were questioned. The response rate was 71%, resulting in 2925 diaries that were analyzed. The study gives a comprehensive profile of the dietary habits of young children in the Flanders. Overall, feeding habits in these young infants seem to be appropriate. Concrete proposals to promote breastfeeding and to further improve healthy feeding habits in this age group are made.

Belgium↗
PubMed2001

Protein malnutrition due to replacement of milk by rice drink.

UNLABELLED: We present the case of an 8-month-old boy with failure to thrive and hypoalbuminaemia due to protein malnutrition caused by the replacement of milk by a rice drink. All symptoms resolved with an appropriate feeding. CONCLUSION: Rice drinks are no alternatives to infant milk formulas and carry a serious risk for the development of protein malnutrition.

Diet, Vegetarian↗
PubMed1997

Peripheral blood T and B lymphocyte subpopulations in infants with acute respiratory syncytial virus brochiolitis.

Most data concerning immunopathogenetic mechanisms involved in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are derived from animal studies. In infants with RSV bronchiolitis the target organ i.e. the airway is hard to explore. We looked for specific alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. Flow cytometric analysis with a large panel of monoclonals was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes in thirty-two infants (mean age: 4.9 months) admitted for RSV bronchiolitis. Data collected on admission were compared with age-matched control values and also with results obtained at the end of the first week of hospitalization. Differences between age-groups (older or younger than 4 months) and between clinical subgroups (clinical severity score more or less than 6) were looked for. In the group of infants as a whole, regardless of age and clinical score the number of CD4+ cells on admission was significantly elevated compared to normal values for age (p<.0001) including a high fraction of the naive suppressor-inducer subpopulation (CD4+/CD45RA+) and a low fraction of the reciprocal memory helper-inducer subpopulation (CD4+/CD29+). Within the CD8+ cell population the number of T cells with cytotoxic activity (CD8+/S6F1+) was significantly elevated (p<.0001) as were other types of cytotoxic cells. A significant decrease (p<.0001) in the proportion of the precursor/suppressor-effector subpopulation (CD8+/S6F1-) was seen. Absolute numbers and percentages of CD19+ B cells were significantly elevated (p<.0001) with a significant increase in the CD5+ subfraction (p<.0001) as well as in the CD10+ subfraction (p<.0001). In the older age group immunophenotypic cytotoxicity was more pronounced with increased clinical score. During recovery the CD45RA+:CD29+ ratio tended to normalize within the CD4+ T cells. Within the B lymphocyte subsets significant increase in the CD19+/CD5+ fraction (p<.05) was seen. We conclude that there are significant changes in the number of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in infants with RSV bronchiolitis as compared to age-related controls. We hope that present data could be useful in further exploration of RSV immunology in humans. A possible link between RSV bronchiolitis and the subsequent development of atopy is mentioned.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1997

Phosphoserine phosphatase deficiency in a patient with Williams syndrome.

Decreased serine levels were found in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a boy with pre- and postnatal growth retardation, moderate psychomotor retardation, and facial dysmorphism suggestive of Williams syndrome. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation with an elastin gene probe indicated the presence of a submicroscopic 7q11.23 deletion, confirming this diagnosis. Further investigation showed that the phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3.) activity in lymphoblasts and fibroblasts amounted to about 25% of normal values. Oral serine normalised the plasma and CSF levels of this amino acid and seemed to have some clinical effect. These data suggest that the elastin gene and the phosphoserine phosphatase gene might be closely linked. This seems to be the first report of phosphoserine phosphatase deficiency.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy newborn infants: comparison of cord blood values with values five days after birth.

Significant differences (p < 0.0001) were demonstrated in lymphocyte subpopulations both in cord blood and in venous blood samples obtained at day 5 from the same healthy infants. Numbers of T lymphocytes increased, especially CD4+/CD45RA+ cells, whereas numbers of B lymphocytes and natural killer cells decreased without changes in CD8+ and other cytotoxic cells.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Kinetics of the multi-step catalytic degradation of a polymer to its constituent subunits.

The stepwise catalytic degradation of a polymer to its constituent subunits results in many molecules of polymers of shorter chain length. Using the Law of Mass Action, ordinary differential equations for each species can be obtained from the set of elementary reactions and these can be integrated to obtain species concentrations as a function of time. A special case of catalytic degradation of polymers, in which one subunit is released at each step, is examined. A mathematical dissertation on the kinetics of the series of reactions involved is presented. The solution of the set of differential equations involve tedious computations and cannot be easily adapted to the analysis of experimental data. Two additional methods of analysis are described. The first one makes use of the property that for any intermediary polymer whose initial and final concentrations are zero, the integral of its concentration with respect to time is inversely proportional to the degradation rate constant. Stepwise calculation of the rate constants can thus be obtained by determining the area under the concentration-time trajectories while the degradation rate constant of the first polymer is known. The second method makes use of the property that the maximum concentration attained by any individual intermediary polymer is inversely proportional to its degradation constant. These methods have the advantage of being simple since the degradation constants can be obtained stepwise from experimental data.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1990

The role of carbohydrate moieties of cholecystokinin receptors in cholecystokinin octapeptide binding: alteration of binding data by specific lectins.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors on rat pancreatic acini have been demonstrated to be glycoproteins. In order to study whether their carbohydrate moieties play a role in ligand binding, membrane preparations (adjusted to 0.2 mg protein me) were incubated with 20 pM 125-I-CCK octapeptide (125I-CCK8) for 4 h at 30 degrees C in the presence of lectins with different sugar specificities. Concanavalin A, soy-bean agglutinin, and peanut agglutinin in concentrations up to 1 mM did not alter specific 125I-CCK8 binding. Ulex europeus lectin I showed a dose-dependent enhancement of CCK binding up to 150% of controls at a concentration of 1 mM. Wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA) was the only lectin found to have an inhibitory effect. Inhibition was dose-dependent, with maximal reduction attained at 42 nM, but CCK binding was only partially inhibited to 66.2 +/- 4.4%. Inhibition by WGA was prevented by the presence of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine or N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose, sugars that are specific for WGA. The inhibitory effect of WGA was not due to an increase in non-specific binding, increased CCK degradation, or CCK binding to WGA. Binding data indicated that the presence of WGA resulted in a decrease in receptor affinity (Kd = 567 +/- 191 v. 299 +/- 50 pM). No significant change in the number of available binding sites was observed. This suggests that WGA is not binding to the active binding site. It is conceivable that binding of WGA to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine or its polymers can lead to a conformational change in the receptor protein, and that this carbohydrate moiety is essential for optimal receptor-ligand interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cerebrovascular occlusive complications in osteopetrosis major.

We report the case of a 16-year-old patient with osteopetrosis major, complaining of transient sensory and motor disturbances in the left upper limb and dizziness on changing the position of his head. Selective angiography of the cerebral vessels showed severe narrowing of the internal carotid artery within the petrous carotid canal and in its supraclinoid portion. The cervical vertebral arteries showed multiple stenosis within the vertebral canal. These findings are explained by narrowing of the basal foramina by the osteopetrotic bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Response of exocrine pancreas to corticosterone and aldosterone after adrenalectomy.

The long-term effect of adrenalectomy (Adx) on the exocrine pancreas was examined in female adult rats. Pancreatic amylase concentration decrease to 50% of the control level starting 10 days after Adx, whereas the levels of trypsinogen and lipase remained unchanged. Replacement studies beginning 24 h after surgery with corticosterone (B, 1 mg/100 g body wt) or aldosterone (ALDO, 8 micrograms/100 g body wt) alone did not prevent the decline in amylase after Adx. However, when both hormones were administered together, pancreatic amylase concentration was maintained at a level similar to that of the control group. Serum corticosterone levels in the rats receiving B alone or B + ALDO were not different, and were comparable to levels found in normal rats. Both ALDO and B, given for 5 days starting 10 days after Adx, were required to restore amylase concentrations toward control values. When spironolactone (SPIRO, 3 mg/100 g body wt), a specific mineralocorticoid receptor blocker was administered bid together with ALDO + B, it blocked the increase in pancreatic amylase seen in ALDO + B treated rats but did not affect the serum corticosterone levels. These results suggest that mineralocorticoids are also involved in modulating the level of amylase in the rat exocrine pancreas.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Watching fat digestion: a microscopic method assessing intraluminal lipolysis.

We investigated the utility of a microscopic method assessing lipolytic activity of duodenal fluid. The method is based on evaluating microscopically physicochemical changes along time when olive oil is mixed with duodenal fluid in the presence of excess bile salts (13 mM) and calcium ions (8 mM) at pH 6.5. Data are analyzed on duodenal aspirations from 155 children referred for failure to thrive or gastrointestinal disorders. The "fat digestion index" (FDI) is the percentage of intact olive oil droplets that underwent complete hydrolysis or are transformed into amorphous reticular bodies (ARB) at steady state. In all patients with proven exocrine pancreatic disorder, a FDI less than 25% was found. This value was thus considered as a cut-off value. When no microscopic lipolysis (FDI = 0) was observed, exocrine pancreatic enzyme assays are suggestive for a total exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. In the group of children with FDI ranging 5-25%, however, no statistical difference in exocrine pancreatic enzymes could be found, as compared to control values. Our tests thus evaluate fat digestion in a dynamic way. It further seems to give additional information on intraluminal lipolysis as compared to exocrine pancreatic enzyme concentrations, since it gives an idea about the integrated action of (co)lipase and bile salts.

Adolescent↗