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Biomedical subjects

P Amsallem

Publications and source records attributed to P Amsallem.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Prostaglandin synthesis by the cochlea of the guinea pig. Influence of aspirin, gentamicin, and acoustic stimulation.

This study describes the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) by the vascular structures of the inner ear (lateral wall = stria vascularis and spiral ligament) in vitro. The main PGs produced were PGI2, PGF2 alpha and PGE2. PGI2 and PGF2 alpha were also found in the perilymph. A 350 mg/kg ip injection of aspirin decreased PG synthesis by the lateral wall and PG levels in perilymph. This effect was reversed after 3 days. Gentamicin (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) decreased significantly and reversibly PG synthesis in vitro, as did 100 mg/kg ip injection. Acoustic stimulation increased ex vivo PGI2 and PGE2 synthesis without modifying PG levels in perilymph. Results suggest that PGs could be one humoral mediator of the cochlear microcirculation homeostasis, and, possibly, of the circulatory disturbances reported after acoustic stimulation. The decreased PG synthesis after gentamicin treatment could account for the angiotoxic component observed in aminoglycoside ototoxicity.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

[Deafness and autoimmunity].

The etiology of a perception deafness cannot be determined in most cases. The autoimmune origin of some of them appears now to be increasingly possible, particularly when they form part of a disease affecting multiple systems. Three cases of this type are presented in an attempt, by analogy, to define the pathogenicity and criteria of the isolated "dysimmune" audiovestibular manifestations.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental study of the ototoxicity of cisplatinum].

Cisplatinum, used in numerous multiple chemotherapy regimens, provokes cochleovestibular toxicity. Two series of rats were treated with single or increasing fractionated doses, and audiometric consequences evaluated from modifications in auditory evoked potentials from brain stem and from electrocochleographic recordings. The ototoxic effect was found to be dose related with a cumulative effect. Fractionated doses were less ototoxic than single doses. The mechanism of production of this ototoxicity has not been determined but is probably similar to that of the aminoglycosides.

Animals↗