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Biomedical subjects

P Arcand

Publications and source records attributed to P Arcand.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Anterior and posterior middle ear congenital cholesteatomas in children.

Congenital cholesteatomas arise from embryonic epithelial cell rests in the middle ear cleft. We report our series of 19 cases observed in 18 children between 1985 and 1990. Clinical data and surgical observations are analyzed. In regard to the location of the lesions, our findings are consistent with most of what has been reported in the literature. Sixty-eight percent of the lesions originated from the anterosuperior part of the mesotympanum. Only 10% were posterosuperiorly located. Pathogenic mechanisms are discussed with respect to the lesion's primary site.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1995

Endonasal dacryocystocele of the newborn.

The true incidence of endonasal dacryocystocele in the newborn is probably underestimated; the number of cases in the last few years has increased with better imaging techniques and diagnostic tools. Although infrequent, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress and nasal obstruction. These children typically present an endonasal mass under the inferior turbinate, most often associated with inner canthal swelling. This series of four patients represents one of the largest to be reported since the first publication on the subject by Goralowna in 1979.

Dacryocystitis↗
PubMed1991

The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and sensorineural hearing loss in the pediatric population.

Sensorineural hearing loss, associated with a dilated vestibular aqueduct, is often described as progressive. Since 1982, computed tomography of the mastoids has become part of the routine investigation of deaf children at Sainte-Justine Hospital. Using clinical, audiometric and radiological material from 130 patients with sensorineural hearing loss, we identified 18 patients with enlarged vestibular aqueducts. The large vestibular aqueduct population was then compared to the normal vestibular aqueduct patients in regard to the degree and evolution of the sensorineural hearing loss. Progression of hearing loss was noted in 46% of patients in the presence of large vestibular aqueducts as compared to 35% in the absence of this anomaly. Normal radiographic findings did not exclude the possibility of further hearing loss.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Acute otomastoiditis in the leukemic child.

We report three leukemic children undergoing chemotherapy who presented severe otomastoiditis with sensorineural hearing loss. They all developed a sub-total perforation of the tympanic membrane within a few days and one child sustained necrosis of the middle ear mucosa and diffuse destruction of the mastoids. Hearing tests showed severe sensorineural hearing loss in the ears affected. The evolution of the disease is reminiscent of a preantibiotic era pathology known as "acute necrotizing otitis media". A management program is proposed for the treatment of otitis media in leukemic patients receiving chemotherapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Congenital dermoid cyst of the oral cavity with gastric choristoma.

A case of congenital dermoid cyst of the buccal floor occurring simultaneously with a gastric choristoma is reported. Only one other similar case could be found in our review of the literature. A tracheostomy was done to relieve airway obstruction. Complete excision was achieved through an intraoral approach. A quick review of the embryology of the floor of the mouth is presented as well as the classification and differential diagnosis of these lesions.

Cheek↗
PubMed1988

Pediatric tracheostomies: changing trends.

We reviewed all tracheostomies performed at Sainte-Justine Hospital between 1970 and 1975, and between 1980 and 1985. The study indicates a significant decrease in the number of tracheostomies for the last period and an increase in the decannulation time from 28 to 91 days. Acute infection of the upper respiratory tracts was the major indication in the early 1970s whereas complications of prolonged intubation and congenital malformation predominated in the early '80s. Complications and mortality rate are also compared.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Persistent buccopharyngeal membrane.

Persistent buccopharyngeal membrane is an extremely rare entity. We report a three-year-old boy who presented with an oral chord-like structure that extended from the base of the tongue up to the posterior part of the vomer. Only seven cases of persistent buccopharyngeal membrane could be found in the review of the literature. Embryology is also discussed.

Cheek↗
PubMed1986

Group A streptococcal supraglottitis.

We describe four children with severe supraglottic infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. In each case the clinical presentation suggested Hemophilus influenzae epiglottitis. In only one patient was there significant involvement of the epiglottis, whereas all had striking inflammation of the aryepiglottic folds. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus was isolated in blood cultures in two patients and from the supraglottic area and trachea in two others. Fever persisted for 6 to 22 days, and tracheal intubation was necessary for 2 to 16 days, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. The evolution of streptococcal supraglottitis may be protracted, and it must be managed accordingly.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Dermoid cyst of the Eustachian tube.

A case of congenital dermoid cyst of the Eustachian tube is reported. Only seven similar cases have been found in our review of the literature. The embryology and usual mode of presentation of these cysts are discussed. Finally, a new surgical approach using a combined retro-auricular and protympanic route is presented.

Dermoid Cyst↗
PubMed1985

Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone: simultaneous bilateral involvement.

Although a rare disease, eosinophilic granuloma should be included in the otolaryngologist's differential diagnosis of destructive lesions of the temporal bone. A case of bilateral simultaneous eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone is reported. The etiology, incidence, and symptomatology are discussed, as well as the different modalities of treatment as reviewed in the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

Post-myringotomy care: a prospective study.

Children with tympanostomy tubes have always been considered somewhat handicapped in regard to swimming and bathing. Their parents had to maintain constant surveillance to prevent then from getting water in their ears. A prospective study involving more than 1,000 children was conducted between June 1981 and August 1982 on two groups of randomly selected patients to determine the prevalence of suppurative otitis media and its relationship to bathing and swimming. One group had to follow strict rules to prevent water entering the ear (bathing caps, earplugs) whereas the other group was allowed to bathe and swim without any precaution upon the condition of using a polymyxin B/gramicidin ear drop combination at bedtime on the day they swam. The study shows no increase in prevalence of suppurative otitis media in the "open canal" group as compared to the "closed canal" group. Furthermore, the monthly distribution of infections shows a relatively evan distribution throughout the year. This study implies that swimming and bathing are safe for the vast majority of children with tympanostomy tubes and thus simplifies enormously the post-myringotomy care for the child, the parents, and the physician.

Baths↗
PubMed1979

Ectopic thyroid tissue--a review of the literature.

With only two cases in 20 years in their service and considering the low incidence of ectopic thyroid gland, the authors present a review of the literature with emphasis on clinical and pathological description and modern medical or surgical management of this entity known as ectopic thyroid gland.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Corrosive esophagitis in children (author's transl)].

The treatment of corrosive esophagitis in children remains a controversial subject. A review of the literature and the various forms of treatment is presented with a retrospective study done a the Ste-Justine Hospital in Montreal. We studied the charts (327) of patients hospitalized for ingestion of corrosive substances for the period extending between 1970 to 1976 inclusively. The mean age of the patients involved was 2 years 4 months with a slight male predominance (60%). Javel water, sodium hydroxide, Chlorine, ammoniac and different acids were, in this order, the agents most frequently encountered. Esophageal burns proven by endoscopy was noted in 81 cases. Even in the absence of oropharyngeal burns, esophageal involvement was still present in 46% of cases. The low incidence of stenosis (9%) tends to confirm the beneficial role of steroids in the treatment of corrosive esophagitis. This is particularly true for 1st and 2nd degree burns whereas their administration in severe 3rd degree burn remains controversial.

Burns, Chemical↗